Chapter 15 Section 1-4
True/False
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
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1. Baldassare Castiglione was a diplomat whose book The Courtier gave nobles new rules for refined behavior
in a humanist society.
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2. Unlike earlier art, Renaissance religious paintings tended to focus on the personalities of religious figures,
rather than on their religious significance.
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3. Johannes Gutenberg is traditionally given credit for inventing oil painting.
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4. John Wycliffe was an English Lutheran who was tried for heresy and condemned to death.
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5. During the 1500s, financial corruption, abuse of power, and immorality weakened people’s respect for priests,
monks, and even popes.
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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6. Which of the following is famous for creating the statues of David and Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine
Chapel?
a. Ignatius of Loyola
c. Michelangelo Buonarroti
b. Baldassare Castiglione
d. William Shakespeare
7. Which of the following statements best describes the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
a. Knowledge of arts increased as nobles and merchants sought to display their new wealth.
b. The Catholic Church, dominant in the city-states, published the first Bible.
c. Italian shipbuilders brought paintings and sculpture back from China and India.
d. As agricultural centers, city-states produced an abundance of crops, and sold them to
foreign markets.
8. To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
a. astronomy.
b. the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
c. humanism.
d. perspective.
9. William Shakespeare’s works are known for
a. teaching ideal behavior.
b. subtle symbolism.
c. a deep understanding of human nature.
d. their complicated language that did not appeal to the uneducated.
10. Increasing numbers of people learned to read after the mid-1400s because
a. most people had ample leisure time.
b. most people had ample disposable income.
c. printed materials became more available.
d. illumination made works of literature extremely beautiful.
11. The Ninety-five Theses were written in Latin because
a. Luther intended them for a mass audience.
b. they were intended for church leaders.
c. Luther could not write in any other language.
d. Latin was the vernacular.
____ 12. Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
a. Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
b. Lutheranism spread first to England and Scotland, then to France and Italy.
c. Henry VIII started a new religion in England called Anabaptism.
d. The Protestant Reformation began.
____ 13. Which of the following statements is best supported by the map titled “The Spread of Protestantism”?
a. Protestantism spread from London to Ireland.
b. Lutheranism spread from Switzerland to France.
c. Norway, Sweden, and Denmark shared the same faith.
d. Calvinism took over England and Scotland.
____ 14. According to the map titled, “The Spread of Protestantism” which country was Anglican?
a. Sweden
c. France
b. England
d. the Holy Roman Empire
____ 15. Which of the following statements is best supported by the map titled “The Spread of Protestantism”?
a. From Geneva, Anglicanism spread to England.
b. Protestantism did not spread into Rome or the Papal States.
c. Norway, Denmark, and Sweden remained Catholic.
d. Scotland, England, and Ireland shared the same faith.
____ 16. The “bonfire of the vanities” was an action that was part of
a. the Reformation.
b. early reform efforts within the Catholic Church.
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c. the spread of Lutheranism.
d. the reforms adopted by the Council of Trent.
One outcome of the Council of Trent was that
a. the distinction between Catholicism and Protestantism blurred.
b. Austria and Poland returned to the Catholic Church.
c. Charles Borromeo helped return most of Germany to the Catholic Church.
d. Lutherans rebelled against Church decrees in Sweden and established a theocracy.
How did Teresa of Avila impact the Catholic Church?
a. She inspired many would-be Protestants to remain in the Church.
b. She inspired many Catholics to convert to Lutheranism.
c. She successfully fought the Catholic Church’s practice of killing suspected witches.
d. She opened up the priesthood to women for a short time.
The Church’s scholastic education gave way to the subjects known as humanities and inspired the movement
known as
a. humanism.
c. the Protestant Reformation.
b. secularism.
d. the vernacular.
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
a. Christine de Pisan
c. Niccolò Machiavelli
b. Baldassare Castiglione
d. Donato Bramante
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
a. with easier access to books, more people learned to read and more books were printed.
b. with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more detail than they could with
watercolors.
c. coupled with a large pool of unemployed workers, it led to early industrialization in parts
of Central Europe.
d. until guilds were created, craftspeople were unable to control the goods they produced.
How did the work of the Flemish School differ from Italian Renaissance painting?
a. Flemish painters used watercolors, while Italian painters used oils.
b. Flemish painters focused on religious symbolism, while Italian painters focused on secular
themes.
c. Italian painters focused on the details of everyday life, while Flemish painters tackled
grand themes.
d. Flemish painters focused on the details of everyday life, while Italian painters often
showed mythological scenes.
Desiderius Erasmus’s works were censored in Paris and condemned by the Church because
a. he had become a Protestant.
b. his works fanned the flames of discontent with the Church.
c. he was convicted of witchcraft.
d. his works advocated a return to the ideals of ancient Greece and Rome.
Ulrich Zwingli founded a church in Switzerland that had which of these at its base?
a. democracy
c. humanism
b. theocracy
d. secularism
Humanism was inspired by interest in
a. Greek and Roman culture.
c. Buddhist philosophy.
b. Catholic doctrines.
d. scientific writings.
Completion
Complete each statement.
26. _________________________ was a well-educated poet from a powerful family in Florence who supported
the arts.
27. The _________________________, which met off and on until 1563, was convened by Pope Paul III to
examine the criticisms made by Protestants about Catholic practices.
28. ____________________ wrote theses in which he denied the power of indulgences to remit sin and criticized
the power of the pope and the wealth of the Church.
29. The doctrine of ____________________ holds that God knows who will be saved and therefore guides the
lives of those destined for salvation.
30. In response to the spread of ____________________, the Church began a series of reforms known as the
Counter-Reformation.
Matching
Select the letter of the term, person, or place that matches each description. Some answers will not be used.
a. Jan van Eyck
j. Hanseatic League
b. Henry of Navarre
k. Pieter Brueghel the Elder
c. Peasants’ War
l. Machiavelli
d. Edict of Worms
m. Huguenots
e. ideal Renaissance man
n. Raphael
f. Donato Bramante
o. fresco
g. Venice
p. Florence
h. nationalism
q. King Henry VIII
i. perspective
r. Ignatius of Loyola
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31.
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33.
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35.
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38.
39.
40.
Accomplished in the classics and a man of action
Wrote “the end justifies the means”
Denounced by Martin Luther
The School of Athens was his most famous work
Perfected the oil painting technique that gave the Flemish School its distinctive style
Used Italian techniques to paint scenes of everyday peasant life
Condemned Luther’s writings in 1521
“Defender of the Faith”
Founded the order of the Jesuits
A painting made on fresh plaster before it dries