Name ________________________________________ Hour__________
Biology Midterm Review…….Now the fun begins!
I would strongly suggest making (and learning) flash cards for all of the terms in this packet. Flash
cards are not required but will be collected with the exam review and will be factored into your grade
for the exam review.
1. BIOLOGY Define;
BiologyOrganismSpeciesBiosphereBiodiversitySelect a living organism and write an essay explaining what characteristics are
shared by all living things using these terms. Be specific and explain how these
terms are demonstrated.(List and underline these words in your writing!!)
Cells, Homeostasis, Metabolism, Response, Reproduction (DNA), Development
If you need more room continue your essay on lined paper
2. SCIENTIFIC METHOD - Write a simple controlled experiment that includes all
of these: (List and underline these words in your writing)
Questions
Independent variable
Hypothesis
Dependent variable
Observations
Constant
3. MICROSCOPE – label the parts and identify their function in the margin.
List how to calculate magnification;
4. CELL THEORY- Name the 3 parts of the cell theory.
1
2
3.
5. CELL ORGANELLES
Draw the following cells and label (where applicable) their;
cell membrane, cell wall, vacuole, ribosome, mitochondria, chloroplast, nucleus,
Golgi apparatus, lysosome, endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasm, vesicles, & DNA
Plant
Animal
Prokaryote (bacteria)
6. CELL TYPES – Draw a Venn Diagram relating eukaryote and prokaryote
cells.
7. PLANT/ANIMAL CELLS – Draw a Venn Diagram to compare and contrast
plant and animal cells:
Cell membrane (selectively permeable)
Mitochondria
Ribosome
Vacuole
Chloroplast
Cytoskeleton
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Cell wall
8. CELL TRANSPORT METHODS – Define through pictures (DRAW) the
following cell transport methods: (colored pencils needed!) DO THESE ON A
SEPARATE PIECE OF PAPER
Passive transport
Diffusion
Concentration gradient
Equilibrium
Osmosis
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
Isotonic
Facilitated diffusion
carrier proteins
ion channels
active transport
exocytosis
endocytosis
9. ENERGY FLOW – Create a diagram using the following terms to draw the
movement of energy. Make it a cycle with pictures and underline these terms in
your drawing. (Hint; begin your drawing with the organelles)
Mitochondria
Photosynthesis
Glucose
ATP (Stored energy)
Chloroplast
Cellular respiration
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Write out the balanced equation for photosynthesis here;
Write out the balanced equation for cell respiration here;
List some factors that affect the rate of photosynthesis. Explain how.
Differentiate between an autotroph, heterotroph, producer, and consumer.
What is the difference between the light dependant and light independent
reactions?
10. CELLULAR RESPIRATION –
What are the
Where do the
How much
differences between above take place? ATP do they
these processes?
produce?
Aerobic
respiration
What are their
products?
Anaerobic
respiration
Fermentation
11. MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS –
Differentiate between mitosis and meiosis. List the stages of each and what
occurs.
Draw a picture of homologous chromosomes to the right
and label the following;
Chromosomes
Chromatid
Centromere
Crossing over
In which process do homologous chromosomes pair up? Mitosis or Meiosis?
Differentiate between haploid and diploid. What are the human numbers for this?
Look on page 172 and read graph 2. Answer questions 1 and 2
Differentiate between autosomes and sex chromosomes.
Differentiate between interphase and cytokinesis.
Differentiate between somatic cells, gametes, and zygote.
Differentiate between spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Differentiate between stem cells, apoptosis, metastasize, carcinogen, and
benign.
12. ASEXUAL & SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
What is the difference between these processes?
Name 2 organisms that reproduce asexually and 2 that reproduce sexually.
What is binary fission?
13. HEREDITY – Set up a monohybrid (one trait) cross and use these terms to
describe in sentence form what is taking place: Give examples to explain these
words. Allele, phenotype, punnett square, genotype, phenotypic ratio,genotypic ratio,
Gene, Dominant, recessive,
homozygous, heterozygous, probability
Define Genetics and why Gregor Mendel is considered the father of genetics;
Differentiate between purebred and hybrid.
Differentiate between complete dominance, incomplete dominance, sex linked
and codominance.
14. BOYS AND GIRLS – What are the genetic differences between boys and
girls?
XX
XY
15. BLOOD TYPES – List the possible genotypes for each type of blood and
phenotype.
A
B
O
AB 

Know what offspring they will produce when crossed***
16. KARYOTYPE – What is this and what is it used for?
Know what errors cause Down syndrome.
17. PEDIGREE – What is this? On a separate sheet of paper draw a pedigree
for tracing sex linked genes for color blindness (page 215)
Remember! Doing the review is the first half of studying. The second half is hiding the
answers from yourself and making sure you know them without reading them from your
book or homework. Good suggestions on how to do this is with flash cards, having
someone orally quiz you, or rewriting important concepts (terms) without looking at the
answers. Good
Luck