Art 155 Introduction to the History of Art I (Fall 2014)
Dr. Patricia Likos Ricci
TEST ON GREEK ART: OCTOBER 16, 2014
INSTRUCTIONS
10 SLIDES @ 5pts. ea. = 50pts.
Slide Identifications
5.3 Greek, Geometric amphora, 8th century BCE, terracotta.
5.5 Greek, Exekias, black-figure amphora, Achilles and Ajax playing a board game, 540 BCE, terracotta.
5.8 Greek, Berlin Painter, red-figure bell krater showing the Abduction of Europa, c.490 BCE, terracotta.
5.12 Greek, Reed Painter, Warrior by a Grave, white-ground lekythos, c. 410 BCE, terracotta.
5.13 Hellenistic, Battle of Issos, from the House of the Faun, Pompeii, 1st Century BCE, mosaic.
5.17a Greek, New York Kouros from Attica, c. 600 BCE, marble.
5. 19a Peplos Kore, c. 530 BCE, marble.
5.20 Greek, Kritios Boy from Athenian acropolis, c. 480 BCE, marble.
5.22 Greek, Poseidon or Zeus, c. 450 BCE, bronze.
5.23 Greek, Myron, Discus Thrower, c. 450 BCE, marble.
5.25 Greek, Polykleitos, Spear Bearer, c. 440 BCE, marble.
5.45 Greek, Iktinos and Kallikrates, Parthenon, Acropolis, Athens, 432 BCE, marble.
5.54 Greek, Equestrians, north Ionic frieze of the Parthenon, c. 439 BCE, marble.
5.56 Greek, Temple of Athena Nike, Acroplis, Athens, 424 BCE, marble.
5.59 Greek, Porch of the Erechtheum, Acropolis, Athens, 405 BCE, marble.
5.60 Greek, Polykleitos the Younger, Theatre at Epidauros, c. 350 BCE, stone.
5.62 Greek, Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos, c. 350 BCE, marble.
5.67 Hellenistic, Winged Nike from Samothrace, c.190 BCE, marble.
5.71 Hellenistic, Boxer, 2nd century BCE, bronze.
5.72 Hellenistic, Hagesandros, Athenodoros and Polydoros of Rhodes, Laocöon and his two sons,
1st century Roman copy, marble.
Definitions (from Greek painting & sculpture ppt.) 5 @ 2pts. ea. = 10 pts.
arete
techne
mimesis
kalos
aesthesis
Essay: The Human Figure (40pts.)
How did the Ancient Greek depiction of the human figure change over time? What factors contributed to the
changing styles of the human figure? Trace the development of the human figure in Greek sculpture in the
Archaic, Pre-Classical, Classical, Post-classical, and Hellenistic eras. Include examples of specific sculptures with
dates and names of sculptors.
1
700-800 BC
GREEK
5.3
“Geometric amphora”
Terracotta
2
600 BC
GREEK
5.17a
“New York Kouros from Africa”
Marble
3
540 BC
GREEK
5.5
Black-figure amphora showing
“Achilles and Ajax playing a board game”
by Exekias
Terracotta
4
530 BC
GREEK
“Peplos Kore”
Marble
5. 19a
5
490 BC
GREEK
5.8
Red-figure painting on bell krater showing
the “Abduction of Europa”
by Berlin Painter
Terracotta
7
450 BC
GREEK
5.22
“Poseidon or Zeus”
Bronze
6
480 BC
GREEK
5.20
“Kritios”
Boy from Athenian acropolis
Marble
8
450 BC
GREEK
“Discus Thrower”
by Myron
Marble
5.23
9
GREEK
“Spear Bearer”
by Polykleitos
440 BC
Marble
11
432 BC
GREEK
5.45
“Parthenon”
by Iktinos and Kallikrates
Acropolis, Athens
Marble
10
439 BC
GREEK
5.54
“Equestrians”
North Ionic frieze of the Parthenon
Marble
5.25
12
424 BC
GREEK
5.56
“Temple of Athena Nike”
Acroplis, Athens
Marble
13
410 BC
GREEK
5.12
White-ground painting on lekythos
of “Warrior by a Grave”
by Reed Painter
Terracotta
15
350 BC
GREEK
5.60
“Theatre at Epidauros”
by Polykleitos the Younger
Stone
14
405 BC
GREEK
5.59
“Porch of the Erechtheum”
Acropolis, Athens
Marble
16
350 BC
GREEK
5.62
“Aphrodite of Knidos”
by Praxiteles
Marble
17
2nd century (200-100) BC
HELLENISTIC
5.71
“Boxer”
Bronze
19
1st century”(100-0 BC) Roman copy
HELLENISTIC
5.72
“Laocöon and his two sons”
by Hagesandros, Athenodoros and
Polydoros of Rhodes
Marble
18
190 BC
HELLENISTIC
5.67
“Winged Nike from Samothrace”
Marble
20
1st century”(100-0 BC)
HELLENISTIC
“Battle of Issos”
from the House of the Faun
Pompeii
Mosaic
5.13
The following is from handwritten notes taken in
lecture by Joseph, and
required readings in text by
Joseph, plus web content for
homeschooling
800-700 BC “Geometric amphora” 
600BC GREEK ARCHAIC




SMILE
Long hair on men
Nude Men, not Women
From geometric to more accurate Egyptian MEASUREMENTS
(Greeks had trading colony in Egypt)
 600BC “Kouros”
480BC GREEK PRE-CLASSICAL (“Early-Classical”)
 NO SMILES (called the “Severe” style)
 ATHLETES as Models
o Wrestlers, Discus, Long-jump
 Short hair (for sport)
 Less stylization (simple hair without detail)
 Weight shifts in bodies. MOVEMENT:two arcs intersecting450 BC “Discus Thrower”
450BC GREEK CLASSICAL






448BC
CELEBRITY SCULPTORS
Model Gods
Model Warriors
More detailed hair again
440BC
PROPORTIONS of Spear Bearer by Polyeitos
laterParthenon Proportions(Golden Section)
Cultural and Intellectual Superiority -------------Friezes on Parthenon(Victory,Control)
400BC GREEK POST-CLASSICAL




IDEAL SENSUOUS FORM
NUDE WOMEN
SOFTER  Gentle S-curve 
More RELAXED
323BC-31BC HELLENISTIC





350BC “Aphrodite of Knidos
by Praxiteles
Violent-Movement,Pain 1st century
Laocöon & his two sons”
CHARACTER & DETAIL
REALISTIC,often Negative
LOSS OF IDEALISM
Sometimes EMOTIONAL 
Scared,Bruised,Broken-nose,Cauliflower-Ear 2ndCentury“Boxer”
PROPORTION
A relation between measurements – a balance – as
part of the unity (“SYMMETRIA” - Not “symmetrical”- but consistent measurements and their
relationship to each other )

SPEAR BEARER:
The original image (Doryphoros by Polykleitos) is shown at the centre. This sculpture obeys to canonical
proportion (golden ratio = 1∶1.618). Two modified versions of the same sculpture are presented on its left
and right sides. The left image was modified by creating a short legs∶long trunk relation (ratio = 1∶0.74); the right
image by creating the opposite relation pattern (ratio = 1∶0.36). All images were used in behavioral testing. The
central image judged-as-beautiful
PANTHEON (“Golden Section” proportion – based on
NAUTILUS SHELL):