Evolution Test Review
Nomen: __________________________________________
From 16.3
1) What three conditions are needed for natural selection to occur?
a)
b)
c)
2) List the three examples of adaptation that the book illustrates on page 461.
3) On page 462, what variation is present in the grasshopper offspring? Which variation has more fitness?
4) What is a heritable trait? List one of your heritable traits.
5) Why does natural selection act on phenotype first, and genotype second?
From 16.4
1) Look at the homologous structures on page 468. List the animals included: _______________, ____________
________________, ________________
2) Homologous structures support the idea of a common ancestor. Why?
3) Analogous structures share the same function, but have a different evolutionary past. Look on page 469 to find an
example of analogous structures (in the text only).
4) Look at the picture of the skink on the top of page 469. Which structures on it are vestigial?
From 17.1
1) Look around the room, which trait (widow’s peak or non-widow’s peak) seems to have the highest frequency?
Estimate a percentage of people who have a widow’s peak.
2) Look at the graph on page 483. Use (B) for black allele and (b) for brown allele. Run some math:
PHENOTYPE PERCENTAGES: _______% Black
________ % Brown
GENOTYPE PERCENTAGES:
________ % Bb
_______% BB
_________% bb
What is the allele frequency of black (B)? ________% (look at total alleles on the right)
What is the allele frequency of brown (b)? _________%
3) What does it mean if a gene becomes “fixed” in a gene pool?
17.1 Continued
4) Look at the graph of a single gene trait on page 485, then look at the graph of a polygenic trait on page 486.
a) Why is a bar graph the best way to represent the phenotypes for a single gene trait?
b) Why is a distribution graph the best way to represent the phenotypes for a polygenic trait?
From 17.2
1) Look at the chart on page 488. The initial population of the lizard were mainly this color: ______________
2) By generation 30, which color became dominant? ____________________
3) Speculate on why this color became the dominant phenotype.
4) Look on page 489, observing the three types of selection pressure on a polygenic trait. Classify the following as
“directional selection,” “stabilizing selection,” or “disruptive selection.”
________________________ average neck size increases in giraffes
________________________ some giraffe necks get thicker and some get thinner to increase their fitness in different
environments
________________________ giraffes with an average size neck have the best fitness
______________________________________________________________________________________________
YOUR TURN!!! Read through the rest of 17.2, then go back through all of the reading (16.3 to 17.2) and make up four
good multiple choice questions. Write them below, and come up with three plausible answers. Do not mark the correct
answer, as we will swap papers.
1) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
a) __________________________________________________________
b) __________________________________________________________
c) __________________________________________________________
2) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
a) __________________________________________________________
b) __________________________________________________________
c) __________________________________________________________
3) _____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
a) __________________________________________________________
b) __________________________________________________________
c) __________________________________________________________