Name ___________________________________ Date ______________ Period______
Lipids
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Lipids are molecules mostly made of ______________ and _______________.
They make up fats, oils, and waxes.
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The primary function of lipids is to ______________ _________________.
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A triglyceride is a lipid that is a _________________ if it is solid at room
temperature and an _________________ if it is liquid at room temperature.
Saturated fats
Unsaturated fats
structural
differences
all single bonds (one
shared pair of
electrons)
some double bonds (2
shared pairs of electrons)
Phase of matter
solid fats
liquid fats
source
come from animals
come from vegetables
health
Less healthy
More healthy
Purpose
energy storage and insulation
-
_______________________ is the worst type of fat! They are man-made to promote
longer shelf-life of foods by making them solid instead of liquid. They lower the
amount of HDL and make your arteries rigid, causing them to clog more easily.
-
_______________________ are a type of lipid that includes substances such as
cholesterol and hormones.
-
_______________________ is involved in strengthening cellular membranes.
There are two types. High density lipoproteins are considered to be ___________
cholesterol and transport cholesterol from the body to the ______________ to be
broken down. Low density lipoproteins are considered to be _______________
cholesterol and transport cholesterol from the liver to the body.
Proteins
- Proteins are made up of small carbon compounds called ______________ ________.
- There are __________ types of amino acids. Our bodies naturally make __________,
but we must eat certain foods to obtain the other __________.
- Proteins are different from carbs and lipids because they contain the element
_________________ in them. They also sometimes contain __________________.
- Amino acids are linked together by what we call _______________ ______________.
- Proteins play a ______________________ role in our bodies. They make up hair,
collagen ( what makes our skin firm!), muscle, etc.
- Proteins that speed up chemical reactions are called _______________________.
They lower the ___________________ ___________________ in a chemical reaction.
Nucleic Acids
- Nucleic acids store and transmit ____________________ ____________________.
- The three types of nucleic acids are _________, _________, and __________.
- Nucleic acids are made up of ___________________.
* We will talk more about Nucleic Acids later on in the year!