Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Chapter I
THE PROBLEM AND REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES
Introduction
As technology evolves, it makes information available in
the palm of our hands. It makes our life easier and convenient
by being able to access the internet anywhere and anytime.
Considering majority of the conservative schools today including
the big universities and colleges around the globe - not to
mention the schools that cater Kindergarten to Grade 12 still
experiences the difficulties in manual filing of student records
and grades. A grade is a numeric contract between a professor
and a student that confirms whether a student can proceed
with his/her education. Accuracy and integrity are some of the
factors that can affect a student's grade, with this said it is
important to be able to set a transparent computation standard
by eliminating the possibility of professors in creating their own
formula in computing grades.
A Grading System will come in handy by eliminating line
queues during grade distribution, a calculator free computation
for instructors, real-time grade viewing and promotes the Go
Green Initiative. This system will be available online to enable
Faculty staffs to create or update grades whenever and
wherever, whether they are drinking coffee at Starbucks, even if
he/she is out of town and even during semestral breaks or
holidays. Submission of grades to the Registrar will definitely be
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
hassle-free and convenient for Professors. Students will be able to
verify their grades from previous to current report cards on the
go anytime. The system will also allow students to update their
own profile like their home address and contact information.
Overview of Automated Grading Systems
Anonymous
If bridges and buildings were made like we make software,
then we would have disasters happening daily. I have heard this
several times from many people. It is sad but true. Buggy
software is the bane of the software industry. One of the ways of
increasing software quality is by proper education. Several
professionals from the software industry also attest to this. They
believe that a greater emphasis should be given to quality and
testing in university courses. But simply explaining the principles of
software quality is not sufficient. Students tend to forget
theoretical
principles
over
time.
Practical
exposure
and
experience is equally important. Students should be put in an
environment where they can appreciate the importance of
quality software and can experience the benefits of processes
that enhance quality. Many universities have a period of
internship for the students in which they work in a software
company and experience these factors first hand. However
because the internship usually is of a duration of 3-6 months, it is
not sufficient to instill the importance of quality. Emphasis on
code quality should be made a part of the entire software
curriculum for it to have proper impact. Every assignment that
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
the students submit should be subjected to the same quality
standards that an industrial project would be subjected to.
Having
university
assignments
adhere
to
industrial
standards will result in the faculty having to spend more time
grading the assignments. The faculty can no longer just give an
assignment, wait for the students to submit it, and grade them.
The faculty must be more like a project manager who constantly
mentors the students and helps them improve the quality of their
work. Along with spending a good amount of time mentoring
students off class hours another challenge is timely evaluation of
student assignments. Faculty members are already overloaded
with the task of teaching, designing projects, grading, and
research. Once we incorporate testing and quality into the
curricula, each assignment will have to be graded along many
more dimensions, such as quality of the tests, coverage of the
tests, etc. This can be very time consuming. We need a
mechanism which will automatically grade student assignments
to the best possible extent, so that students are given a timely
feedback, and faculty can focus more on providing feedback
on the style, design, and documentation of the project. Such a
system will also bring consistency to the grading process and will
eliminate discrepancies due to instructors bias and lethargy.
A good automated grading system should be capable of
executing the test cases written by students as well as the faculty
on the project, determining the coverage of the test cases, and
compiling and executing the submitted programs. It should be
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
configurable so that faculty can determine the importance of
various factors that make up the final grade.
Several efforts have been made to design and implement
automated grading systems in universities. Some existing systems
are:
 WEB-CAT Grader
 Praktomat
This article contains a brief explanation of the two such
automated grading systems - WEB-CAT Grader, and the
Praktomat systems, and proposes a system that contains useful
features from them as well as some new features.
WEB-CAT Grader
WEB-CAT (Web-based: the Center of Automated Testing)
was designed and implemented in Virginia Tech University to
address the need for incorporating software testing as an
integral part of all programming courses. The developers realized
the need for software to automate grade computing for student
assignments to enable faster feedback to students and to
balance the working load of faculty members.
Since Test Driven Development (TDD) was to be used for
all the assignments, the students had to be graded not only on
the quality of code, but also on the quality of their test harnesses.
WEB-CAT grades students on three criteria. It gives each
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
assignment a test validity score, a test correctness score, and a
code correctness score. Test validity measures the accuracy of
the students’ tests. It determines if the tests are consistent with
the problem statement. Test coverage determines how much of
the source code the tests covered. It determines if all lines and
conditionals
are
adequately
covered.
Code
correctness
measures correctness of the actual code. All three criteria’s are
given a certain weight-age and a final score is determined.
WEB-CAT’s graphical user interface is inspired by the unit
testing tool JUnit. Just like JUnit it uses a green bar to show the
test results. A text description containing details such as the
number of tests that were executed, and the number of tests
that was successful.
WEB-CAT follows a certain sequence of steps to assess a
project submission. A submission is assessed only if it compiles
successfully. If compilation fails, then a summary of errors is
displayed to the user. If the program is compiled successfully
then WEB-CAT will assess the project on various parameters. It first
tests the correctness of the program by running the student’s
tests against the program. Since these tests are submitted by the
students, and it is expected that 100% of the tests will pass,
because we do not expect students to submit a program that
fails their own tests. After this the student’s test cases are
validated by running them against a reference implementation
of the project created by the instructor.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
If
a
student’s
test
case
fails
on
the
reference
implementation then it is deemed to be invalid. Finally, the
coverage of the student’s test cases is evaluated. Once the
scores are obtained a cumulative score out of 100 is calculated
applying a certain formula on the scores from all criteria. The
results are displayed immediately to the student on an HTML
interface. It was observed that the quality of student assignments
increased significantly after using WEB-CAT. It was found that the
code developed using WEB-CAT contained 45% fewer defects
per 1000 (non commented) lines of code.
Basic features provided by WEB-CAT are:

Submission of student assignments using a web based
wizard interface

Submission of test cases using a web based wizard
interface

Setup of assignments by faculty

Download of student scores by the faculty

Automatic grading with immediate feedback for student
assignment
Praktomat
Praktomat was designed and implemented at Universitat
Passau in Germany. The purpose of creating Praktomat was to
build an environment which would help students enhance the
quality of their code. Along with automated grading it also has a
focus on peer reviews. The creators of Praktomat felt that
reviewing others software and having one’s software reviewed
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
helps in producing better code. This is the reason why Praktomat
has a strong focus on peer review and allows users to review as
well as annotate code written by other students. Students can
resubmit their code any number of times until the deadline. This
way they can improve their code by adopting things they
learned by reviewing other students code as well as lessons they
learned by others feedback of their own code.
Praktomat evaluates student assignments by running them
against a test suite provided by the faculty. The faculty creates
two test suites – a public suite and a secret suite. The public suite
is distributed to the students to help them validate their project.
The secret test suite is not made available to the students, but
they are aware of its existence. An assignment is evaluated by
automatically running both the test suites against it, and also by
manual examination by the faculty. Praktomat was developed
in Python, and is hosted on SourceForge.
Observations
My contention that student project submissions should be
backed by a process to encourage best practices, and a
software to automate as well as facilitate the process, has
become stronger after reviewing WEB-CAT and Praktomat.
What best practices should we incorporate in the
process? What are the features that an automated grading
software should contain? WEB-CAT, Praktomat, and several
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
other software give a good starting point. We can learn from
their successes and failures, and enhance the offering by
adding our own experience.
WEB-CAT and several other sources have shown us that
TDD is definitely a good practice. In a university environment TDD
will work best if it is complemented by instant feedback to the
students. We want to have a process that will encourage
students to improve the quality of their code. They should be
graded on the best code they can submit till the deadline. Two
things are needed for this – instant feedback and the ability to
resubmit assignments.
WEB-CAT achieves this by assessing submissions in real
time, and displaying the results to the students immediately.
WEB-CAT allows students to re-submit assignments any number
of time till the due date. Since faculty members are already
overloaded with work, the software should take some of the
faculties responsibilities. WEB-CAT automatically evaluates and
grades the student’s assignments, leaving faculty with time for
more meaningful activities.
Praktomat has shown us that there is a definite benefit to
peer review. When we review code written by others, we can go
beyond the paradigms set in our own mind. Having our code
reviewed by others can help us see our shortcomings which we
may have earlier overlooked.
Praktomat allows students to
review code written by others. However the review is hidden
from the faculty, to ensure that it does not impact grading.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Praktomat does not rely on 100% automatic evaluation of
the
assignments.
Praktomat
evaluates
certain
aspects
automatically and the rest are evaluated manually. Factors like
code quality, documentation, etc are reviewed and evaluated
manually by the faculty. There may be two reasons for this.
Software to support automatic evaluation of these things may
not have been available when Praktomat was written, or the
creators felt that certain things are best evaluated by the
faculty.
A Proposed System for Automated Grading
Based on my observations from reviewing the existing
grading systems stated above and from my own experience as
a student, the current process of the schools defines the
functionality and process of the system.
The Process

The students take an examination from their Professors.

After taking the examination, each student will submit his
or her examination paper to the Professor.

The Professor will check the examination paper manually.
The Professor will save his or her student examination
grade in a paper or Microsoft Office Excel. The Students
will queue during grade distribution.

After getting the student’s grade, he or she will be able to
evaluate if he or she deserves the grade computed by the
Professor
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
The Software

The system will be available via internet or intranet.

Students only have a read-only access privilege to the
system and by default will display his or her current
enrolled subjects. If the student did not enroll for the latest
semester, the system will display his or her last enrolled
subjects.

Students will only be able to see his or her final grade point
for the whole semester.

Professors are only permitted to enter data to the system
by assigning grades to his or her students.

The system auto-computes the students grade during save
once all examinations are field-out.
The system can be implemented using any technologies
like Java Applets, ASP.NET, PHP, Ruby on Rails and Web Python.
Each has their own pros and cons. Evaluation of these
technologies will be dealt with in a separate paper.
Objectives of the Study
The general objective of the study entitled “Online
Grading System” is to develop a system that will replace the
manual grading process of the school. The designed system will
remove the task of manually computing the grades and reduce
the chances of professors submitting the grades after the
deadline. One key factor of this system is to be transparent to
the students how the system calculated his or her grade.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Statement of the Problem
The study entitled “Online Grading System” is focused in
automating the manual calculation of the grades for the
Professors, synchronizing data between departments eliminating
the need of requests to take so much time before it can be
addressed and to implement the proper security of the data.
The study sought-after the answers for the following questions:
1. How can your system solve the problem of record keeping?
A common problem of manual filing of records is that it can
be easily misplaced. This system will store all the data in a
database, which will be available 24/7. The database will
have a semestral back up to ensure that no data will be lost.
2. Can your system solve the issue of data integrity and data
synchronization among departments?
Yes, manually copying a grade as a copy is prone to mistakes
especially when you have to deal with thousands of students.
The system only reads from a database regardless of
department so by eliminating copying of data (handwritten
or softcopies).
3. How will your system handle a scenario where a professor
leaves this school in the middle of the semester? Will it be
possible to assign a substitute, and how will the substitute be
able to view the grades of the students from the previous
professor?
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
The system allows an update where the Registrar can assign a
substitute for the professor who has left. However, in this
scenario, this could be answered with a yes and a no. No, if
the previous professor was not using this system to store the
grades of his or her students. The substitute would not be able
to provide an accurate grade for the student because the
records from the examinations that have been taken would
be missing unless the students would provide their grades with
supporting documents. Yes, assuming that the previous
professor was using this system to keep track his or her
students’ grades.
4. Faculty staffs and the Registrar usually continue to go to
school even during the semesters break due to the process
that Faculty staffs submits their students’ grade to the
Registrar. Can this hassle be eliminated?
Yes, this problem can be addressed by the system. As long as
the system is up and running there is no reason for Faculty
staffs to submit their students’ grades late. Once the Faculty
staff is done with the grades, the Registrar and along with the
students will be able to view their grades.
Significance of the Study
The study of “Online Grading System” will be beneficial to
the following:
School. This study will give benefits to the school because
an automated grading system is feasible, economically viable
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
and is accurate as manually grading system but does not
consume much of the time.
Students. It will help the students to get their grades
processed fast and on time. Through this grading system, they
could also help the students see the connection between effort
and grades that could help them become more accountable
for their progress.
Faculty. This will serve as their guide for an easy access on
the students’ grades because grading is an exercise in
professional judgment on the part of teachers.
Researcher. This study will equip them with knowledge
about the grading system.
Future Researchers. It will serve as their reference for their
research activities and will help them to gain knowledge to
express their ideas in their chosen study.
Scope and Limitation
This study is focused and will only concentrate on the
grading system of the school because it is the important record
to keep even for the longest time for the referral and credentials
of the student to enter their next level of attaining their goals. It is
the tract record that recognizes of one student, this maybe use
for analyzing of your attitude and values.
The said system is only for recording and keeping of
grades. It is not for enrolment and registration use.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Definition of Terms
The following are terms that the researcher used for better
understanding about the concepts in the study. The terms are
defined operationally, as how they are used in the study.
Computer. In the study, it is the machine used by the
researcher in making the documentation of the study and the
developing the computerized system.
Programmer. As used in the study, this person designs and
implements the system.
Database. Is an organized collection of data for one or
more purposes and usually in digital form.
Grades. To allow the student’s have an access to their
over all grades taken from their preliminary, mid-term, pre-finals
and finals.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Chapter II
METHODS OF RESEARCH AND PROCEDURES
Research Design
The method of research we used in the study “Online
Grading System” is the descriptive type of method research,
because this kind of research describes the present system,
which is the manual way of grading system based on the
impressions of the respondents. We used this kind of research
because it is appropriate in knowing the extent to which the
different conditions of the present set up of the study is.
Methods of Research
The descriptive survey method was used to achieve the
purpose of the study. We made a survey focusing on the how
grades are recorded, computed, submitted by the Faculty
Staffs. Also including how students are able to view their grades.
With enough information gathered from the survey, we were
able to determine that a grading system is feasible.
Based on our research, Southdale International School of
Science, Arts and Technology is currently implementing a
manual process of computation of grades for each student, this
process is still reliable however very time consuming.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Review of Related Literature and Studies
This part discusses the review of related literature and
studies of the study entitled “Online Grading System”.
Foreign Literature and Study
The Trial at Curtin University of Technology
During the first semester of 2001 a trial of an automated
essay grading system was conducted at Curtin University of
Technology in Perth, Western Australia. One subject was chosen,
a first year introduction to Information Systems, where we had
about 1,000 students available to participate.
Unfortunately the semester had already started by the
time we were able to undertake this research. This meant that all
assessment had already been determined.
Once assessment has been published, the policy at Curtin
University is that it cannot be changed without the consent of
the majority of students. In order to gain that consent and ensure
a high rate of response to our trial, we announced that an
additional voluntary essay-type question would be available for
bonus marks. Needless to say, we, had a high rate of response.
The system we were trialing was an American system that
required two hundred manually graded essays as input to their
grading system. Between the three researchers, we graded
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Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
about 70 papers each and sent the electronic copies along with
the marks to the US site. About another 330 ungraded essays
were then forwarded to the site for grading.
A number of interesting outcomes were noticed when we
analyzed all the grades and as a result, a grader “A” had always
considered himself a “hard” grader and considered grader “B”
rather soft.
However, the purpose was not to check our own grading
but to see how consistent the computer system handled the
assessment.
We
were
delighted
to
have
our
suspicions
confirmed; the computer system had the same mean and
standard deviation of marks as the three of us. We were satisfied
that it worked.
There was an additional and quite unexpected result from
the test. The system picked up several cases of plagiarism that
we had failed to notice. In this case, the plagiarism was really
that of one student copying the work of another student rather
than from extracting text from another source.
The Weaknesses of the System
There are two important weaknesses and one minor
weakness for our purposes in the system that we trialed. The first
weakness is that for a successful implementation, one need to
manually grade 200 essays and feed them into the system. The
computer will then accurately and dependably grade as many
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Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
more essays on that topic as is required. In small classes of less
than a few hundred students, it becomes impractical.
The second weakness is the cost of using the system. As
the system was American we had to pay in $US. With the
exchange rate so poor, it cost about A$11,400 to grade a few
hundred essays. This is simply not cost effective. If we were to use
the same essay for several semesters then the per-unit grading
costs would reduce substantially.
However, it is highly unlikely that we would want to use the
same essay questions in consecutive semesters or even twice
ever.
There is a third factor. The system is run at a site in the USA
rather than on our own computer network at Curtin University.
There is some lack of control and potential security risk in having
the process run remotely.
Costing Considerations
Ideally, the system would be reasonably inexpensive, and
certainly far cheaper than hiring grading staff. The grading
system would be based on a single all-inclusive model answer
supplied by the lecturer. Obviously, the system would need to
assess with the same degree of accuracy as a manual grader.
Finally, the system should be available to be run in-house on a
PC or central server.
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
We currently pay exam graders at a rate of about A$25
per hour. It should be possible to reduce the cost of grading
through an automated essay grading system by 90%. Our single
experience with the American system as described above was
that it cost about A$33 per essay of up to two pages in length.
Based on supplying 200 graded essays at a cost of A$3 per
essay, the initial cost before paying for the grading service would
be A$600. The grading service costs that we experienced were
another A$10,800, bringing the total to A$11,400. In the ideal
case, it would be beneficial for a University to own the grading
system so the costs could be spread across many subjects and
many departments. Even if the initial cost were in the thousands
of dollars, the cost per essay or exam would become trivial.
There are economies of scale associated with the system,
in that up to 2000 essays could have been graded for the
A$11,400, but we did not have this number to grade, and so did
not gain these benefits. If we had 2,000 essays to grade, the
automated essay grading system would still have cost A$5.70 per
essay, almost double the cost of grading manually.
Limitations to any Automated Grading System
To utilize any Automated Grading System the raw data,
essays or examination answers, would need to be in a form that
was computer readable. The most obvious form of this would be
electronic documents in Word format. This is easily enough
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
achieved where the student could write the essay on a
computer.
However, when students sit for examinations this is normally
done at desks with paper and pen. The resulting examination
script is not easily transferred to a computer readable medium.
On the other hand, we see that it is possible to have students sit
an exam in a computer laboratory and submit their examination
papers electronically. It would be difficult to have large numbers
sit the exam simultaneously but it is not impractical to have two
groups of students where as soon as the first group completes,
the second group starts. In this way, with lab facilities of 200 PC’s
the same examination could be sat by up to 400 students
without compromising the examination paper.
Another possibility would be to give the students a takehome examination due within 24 hours. Any number of students
would then be able to sit the exam at the same time and submit
the exam papers electronically.
Another serious limitation to an essay grading system is
that it grades a students’ knowledge of a given set of material.
The model answer would contain only a set body of knowledge
and would grade the student on the part of that knowledge the
student was able to demonstrate. This may be acceptable in the
early years of a course but probably not in more advanced
studies.”
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Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Local Literature and Studies
“The
plan
to
automate
the
2010
national election
reverberates clearer to school faculty and staff as SJCS begins to
automate its grading system starting this school year 2009-2010.
This first quarter, faculty members of Preschool and Grade
School Departments have tested the customized grading system
in encoding the scholastic grades of their students. The
Registrar's
Office,
in
coordination
with
the
Information
Technology Office, printed and released recently the first
computerized report cards of the school.
The shift to automate the grading system, hopefully, will
increase efficiency of school staff and allow teachers to focus
more
on
teaching
than clerical
recording. Other
information and services may also be derived from this new
system. High School grading system will later follow.”
Automation of Grading System in San Sebastian College
“Automation has had a notable impact in a wide range of
industries
beyond manufacturing (where
it
began).
Largely
automated telephone switchboards and answering machines
have replaced once-ubiquitous telephone operators. Medical
processes
such
as
primary
screening
in electrocardiography or radiography and laboratory analysis
of human genes, sera, cells, and tissues are carried out at much
greater speed and accuracy by automated systems. Applying
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Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
automation to Grading systems wherein it will also make a task
easy and accurate.
Since San Sebastian College Recoletos began over 4
years ago, many things in this school have gone from manual to
automate. In addition, because a typical problem in a starting
school are Grading systems, I noticed that this system does not
exist in this school. We all know that making an Automated
Grading System means making the task for professors in
computing and calculating grades will become easy and not
only that the professors will have an advantage but the students
will also get a gain, because it will also improve accuracy of
calculations thus making the what we call “Hula of Grades” will
become non – existent in the future of San Sebastian Recoletos.
San Sebastian College Recoletos – Canlubang lacks a
centralized grading system. It does not have a standalone
program that will accept input, compute grades and print class
cards all in a same program.”
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of the study will consist of a) Southdale
International School students (130), b) faculty and staff (20).
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Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Data Gathering Procedures
First, we discussed about the current grading system
Southdale International School was using and we found out that
they are still using the old manual way of computing and
recording of grades which is really time consuming especially
when large numbers of assignments are submitted at once.
Teachers of the said institution find themselves bogged
down in their attempt to provide consistent evaluations and high
quality feedback to students within as short a timeframe as is
reasonable, usually a matter of days rather than weeks.
Educational administrators are also concerned with
quality and timely feedback, but in addition must manage the
cost of doing this work.
Clearly, an automated system would be a highly desirable
addition to the educational tool-kit, particularly if it can provide
less costly and more effective outcome.
After seeking the approval, we, the researchers, prepared
the questionnaires, for our survey and we have them checked
and approved by our researcher adviser Mr. Carlo C. Clerigo
and have those surveys answered by the respondents, which are
the students and the faculty and staffs of the said institution.
23 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
We tally the responses according to the questions in the
statement of the problem. Then, the responses were put into
tables and graphs, and interpret and analyze them.
Data Gathering Instruments
This study, which is “A Proposed Computerized Grading
System” make use of the Questionnaire as its main instrument in
gathering data. It also makes use of interview to support the
data and information gathered from the questionnaires and it is
supplemented by observations and documentary analysis.
Questionnaire. The researchers made use of this instrument
to get a feedback to the respondents.
Observation. The researchers made use of this
to
differentiate the manual and computerized way of grading
system.
Internet
Research.
Used
for
searching
additional
information.
24 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Chapter III
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1
Frequency and Percentage Distribution of Respondents
Respondents
Frequency (f)
Percentage (%)
Students
81
81%
Faculty
02
02%
Others
17
17%
100
100%
Total
The respondents of the survey we have conducted are
the students enrolled in the institution, the faculty members and
staff, and the “Others” consists of some people from outside the
school. Questionnaires were given to the respondents to be
answered accordingly, to be able to achieve the necessary
information needed.
Table
1
presents
the
frequency
and
percentage
distributions of the respondents were in all the respondents
accumulated a percentage which are: The Students with 81%,
The Teachers with 2% while Others 17%, gathering a total of 100
respondents.
25 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Interpretation of Data
YES
NO
SOMETIMES
NEVER
TOTAL
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
75%
8%
15%
2%
100%
75%
10%
15%
0%
100%
59%
11%
30%
0%
100%
72%
7%
21%
0%
100%
60%
12%
28%
0%
100%
64%
15%
21%
0%
100%
53%
0%
15%
2%
100%
Are you having trouble getting the
class cards when the professor is gone
in our school?
Have you ever experienced receiving
your class cards, that only your final
grade is shown?
Is it difficult to search previous grades?
Have you experienced the impact on
your grade not knowing after finals if it
is passing or failed?
Is it hard to adjust the grades of the
students with requirements?
Do you encounter mixed class cards
of each courses and year level every
time you get your class card?
Have you experienced that you have
a grade on your class card but in the
admin office, you have no recorded
sets of grades?
Figure 1.1: Tally of Survey Question for Manual Grading System
It shows the assessment of the respondents regarding the
survey we made about the manual grading system. Looking at
the table above, it shows that majority of the respondents are
having problems with the usage of the manual grading system.
26 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
YES
NO
SOMETIMES
NEVER
TOTAL
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
(%)
91%
4%
5%
0%
100%
79%
3%
18%
0%
100%
93%
3%
4%
0%
100%
88%
2%
10%
0%
100%
95%
1%
4%
0%
100%
92%
3%
5%
0%
100%
94%
3%
3%
0%
100%
86%
2%
12%
0%
100%
Does the computerized grading
system speed up the process of
grades?
Does the computerized grading
system produce an accurate output?
Can automatic tasking of grades be
done after exam?
Will the students benefit on the service
of the computerized grading system?
Will the faculty benefit on the service
of the computerized grading system?
Do you think the computerized
grading system will be user friendly?
Do you think it will lessen the time
consumed during the processing of
grades?
Does proper allocation of grades be
done?
Figure 1.2: Tally of Survey Question for Automated Grading Systems
It shows the assessment of the respondents regarding the
survey we made about the manual grading system. Looking at
the table above, majority of the respondents are in favor of
having an automated/computerized grading system in the
institution.
27 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Chapter IV
SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Based on the study that the researchers made, several
problems can be encountered when using the manual way of
recording and computing of grades. One example of that
problem is not synched files or records of the students in different
school departments.
So, the researchers had determined first the viability of the
software by conducting a survey in a form of questionnaires.
After analyzing it, the researchers found that majority of the
respondents, which are the enrolled students, the faculty and
staffs and some people whom answered the said questionnaires
is in favor in an automated grading system.
Through descriptive method, which describes data and
characteristics about the present condition of the system being
studied, we have come up with the idea that applying
automation to Grading systems will also make a task easy and
accurate.
28 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology
Southdale International School of Science, Arts and Technology
048 Betterlife Subdivision, Tanzang Luma III, Imus, Cavite
Conclusion
Based on the findings, the researcher came up with a
conclusion that a computerized/automated grading system is a
must-have in a school. It is a best way of storing and computing
grades of students that provides easy way in getting the grades
and to make the procedure faster and efficient.
Recommendation
Based from the conclusion made, the researcher highly
recommends
that
the
automated/computerized
school
grading
must
system
have
an
because
computerization is focused on retrieving and storing information
of students in a faster, more convenient way of storing files of the
student enrollees in a computerized system that will lessen the
effort of faculty staff in storing files of each the students. This will
also serve as information for irregular students, transferees, and
freshmen to get course and subject schedule. The information
can be viewed in just a second without worrying that a single file
is lost.
29 | P a g e
Bachelor of Science in Information Technology