NORTHEAST DEVELOPMENT CONSORTIUM (NDC)
NDC SECRETARIAT, O/o the CML, Guwahati
H. No. 18, By Lane 3, Chandan Nagar, Survey,
Beltola, Guwahati -781028, Assam, India.
Email: ndcassam.mksp@gmail.com
Tel: +91 361 2229367
___________________________________________________________________________________________
MAHILA KISAN SASHAKTIKARAN
PARIYOJANA (MKSP)
TECHNICAL PROTOCOL UNDER MKSP
Mention Agro-climate, soil condition, Cropping pattern, major crops of the Intervened area
Agro Climatic Zones
Lower Brahmaputra Valley Zone (LBVZ)
Major Crops
Rice, Mustard, Lentil
Major Agricultural Season
Kharif
Pattern of Agriculture
Mono cropped
Major Agricultural Activities
Practices
Training module
(Please mention the name of specific developed (write
practice/method/substance/equipment used)
yes/ No)
1 Pre Cultivation
Crop selection
Paddy
Variety ( resistant
variety / Improved Indigenous (Dudhkalam, joha, bora, manoharhali, fulpakhri)
variety etc)
Improved varieties (Ranjit,Swarnamasuri, Ranjana, Maniram, Bahadur, Nilanjana)
Source of Seed (own
/purchased etc)
Purchase certified seeds from market
Yes
Selection of Seed:
For Medium Lowland& Lowland, any improved variety of 130-150 days duration
and for Medium Upland, any improved variety of 100- 120 days duration can be
selected.
Variety Selection
Indigenous with 150 days Dudhkalam, Joha, Bora, Manohar-sali, Ful-pakhri &
Improved varieties with 130-150 days Ranjit, Swarnamasuri, Ranjana, Maniram,
Bahadur, Nilanjana, Luit with 100-110 days.
Seed selection
Bryne water test
For 1 kg seed selection materials required are: 3 litres of fresh water, 250gm Salt,
One fine egg/ potato.
In 3 liters water dip one fine egg/potato. Slowly mix salt to the water until coin size
of the egg/potato emerges on the surface of water. Care should be taken that the
whole amount of salt is not mixed at a single time. Now add the 1 kg seed into the
water and stir well. The chaffy and the diseased seed will start floating on the
surface of the water. Take out all the chaffy and the diseased seed from the
solution and drain out the salt water. Now wash off the remaining good quality
seed with fresh water for 2-3 times to remove the excess salt.
Seed rate
Seed Requirements: 2 Kg seed is required for 1 Acre
2 Kg/Acre in SRI, 15 Kg/Acre in traditional
Seed Treatment
SEED TREATMENT WITH COW URINE
Soaking the seeds in water before sowing will improve the germination
percentage. Duration of soaking is depends on the nature of the seed coat. We can
improve the disease resistance by soaking these seeds in cow urine for 15 minutes.
Mix trichoderma @5gm per kg seed and shed dry for 4-5 hrs.
Required Soaking Time:
Paddy: 12 hours soaking in water and drying of seed under shade for 4-5 hrs
Seed treatment by Using Beejamrit
Materials required : 1Kg fresh cow dung, 4 Liter water, 1 Liter cow urine, 10 gm
lime, 5 gram Turmeric powder, 100 Gm Jaggery
Preparation of Beejamitra:
a. Cow dung solution preparation
1 Kg cow dung is needed to be wrapped in a cloth and soaked in a bucket of water
for 12 hrs in 4 liters of water. After 12 hrs squeeze the water out of the cow dung
into the bucket, repeat the process 2-3 times so that all the water get removed
from dung. The Concoction (Mixture) in the bucket will be used for seed
treatment.
b. Lime solution preparation
Add 10 gm lime in 50 ml water and keep soaked for 12 hours
Mix the cow dung solution to the lime solution and also add a handful of soil from
field-bunds, 5 gm turmeric powder, 100 gm Jaggery in it. Mix this solution
thoroughly.
Seed Treatment
Process of Seed Treatment
Yes
Yes
Spread the paddy seeds in clean plastic sheets/ well cleaned floor and sprinkle the
Beejamitra solution in the seeds and mix it properly with hands. Drying of sheds
need to be done in shed and after drying the seeds are ready for sowing. This
solution can be used for seed treatment of 10 Kg paddy seeds.
2
Cultivation
Spacing
10’ X 10’ or 8’x8’
Nursery Preparation and transplantation
For 1 acre of ‘Transplanting’, we need to prepare 6 small beds (size 20 ft X4 ft).Gap
of 1 feet need to be maintained in between two beds. Prepare drain for drainage
of excess water during heavy rain on four sides of the bed. Apply 50 kg of FYM/ 10
Kg Vermi compost in each of the bed. Then sow the treated and partly germinated
seeds in the nursery bed very thinly. We have to develop the nursery bed in a
corner of our main field for easy transplantation. Sprinkle water on the bed as and
when necessary specially to avoid cracks in the nursery. The seedlings are ready to
transplant at 8-12 days in Kharif and 18-20 days in Rabi (Boro) season.
Take seedlings of 8-12 days old for transplantation. Since SRI nursery takes very
less time hence nursery should be done only after adequate rainwater/irrigation is
available in main field for timely transplantation. Uproot the seedlings from the
nursery bed very carefully (do not disturb the roots) by using a Spade or Kadai or
Plate. As the nursery plot is in the corner of the main field therefore, we need not
carry the seedlings very far. Transplant the seedlings within 15-30 minutes of
uprooting. The spacing we need to follow is 10 inch X 10 inch and transplant single
seedling maintaining the proper spacing through use of marker. (Take a rope of 4050 ft length & mark it after every 10 inch by a nail/wood/plastic etc.). After
completing one row, the rope can be shifted for transplantation of another row.
3
sowing/
Transplanting
Intercultural
operations
(weeding, thinning,
etc)
By using Japanese paddy weeder at 15 DAT, 25 DAT, 35 DAT
Water conservation and water management
Methods of water
conservation
Water channels at boundaries of the plot
Methods
of
irrigation
STW, Cannal (Dong)
Plan of irrigation
(irrigation at critical
periods etc)
Vegetative growth stage & flowering stage, panicle development stage
Yes
4
Soil fertility Mgmt. /Soil health enrichment and crop nutrient management
Fertility Management
Pre & post cultivation fertilizer management:
Green manuring crops
Dhaincha, Sun hemp can be cultivated 2 months before ploughing the field &
Incorporate into the soil by ploughing.
Crop rotation with leguminous crops
Summer ploughing in the mid of April is helpful in weed management & soil health.
During field preparation & post transplantation
Sanjiwak Haar
Sanjiwak Haar helps plant in proper vegetative as well as reproductive growth; it
enhances resistance of plant to various diseases and pests.
Materials required
1. 30 Kg cow dung
2. 3 Liter cow urine
3. 500 gm Jaggery
4. 66 Liter water
Mix 30 Kg cow dung, 3 liter cow urine and 500gms Jaggery. Add 66 liters in this
mix. Keep it for 10-12 days.
Application:
100 LiterSanjiwak Haar can be Soil drenched in ½ acre (1.5 Bigha) of land at 30
days interval.
JEEVAMRIT
Biofertilizer /Organic Dosage: 200 liters is applied per acre through irrigation water or soil spray.
Manure/
Green Required Material:
manure crops etc
Yes
1. Cow Dung 10 Kg
2. Cow urine 10 Liters
3. Black Jaggery 2 Kg
4. Besan (Chick Pea flour) 2 Kg
5. Plastic Drum 200 Liters Capacity.
Method of Preparation:
In 200 litres of water add 10 kg of cow dung and mix well. Add jaggery and
powdered chick pea flour, mix it well. Cover the drum with jute bag and keep it for
fermentation for a week. Stir the solution in every alternate day. After a week, the
microbes develop in this mixture which can be used with irrigation water, sprinkler
system or drip system.
If a large container is not available, this mixture can be made in ground by digging a
hole enough to hold 200 liters of water, coating with cow dung and drying for 24
hrs before use.
FISH–JAGGERY CONCOCTION (Aids in plant growth)
The amino acids produced by microbes in this mixture aids in plant growth.
Required Material:
1. Fish scraps (bones, gills, skin etc) 1 Kg , (Can be collected from fish
market)
2. Jaggery 1 Kg
Method of Preparation:
Mix 1 kg of fish waste and 1 kg Jaggery with water. Place it in an earthen pot and
tie it with a cloth. Let the mixture ferment for 10 days.
Mix the contents well. After 10 days of fermentation, filter the mixture and mix
with 100 liters of water. This can be used as a spray on plants.
Suggestions:
1.
Efficient if sprayed for 1-2 times on plants
2.
Can be used in all crops including orchards
3. This Concoctions (Mixture) cannot be stored, should be used
immediately after fermentation.
VERMIWASH
Take 10 lit of earthen pot or plastic container for preparation of vermi-wash.
Arrange a tap for it at the bottom. Then place 10 cm gravel or broken bricks at the
bottom. Spread coconut husk up to 4 cm, on this. Place partially decomposed
agricultural waste material and dung and moisten the material with water.
After wetting the material for 2 days, release two dozen earthworms. In 2 weeks
the wastes get transformed into black compost. At this stage pour 3 liters of water.
After 24 hrs, 2 lit Vermiwash can be collected through the tap. Continue this
method for one week, remove the compost from the container and it can be used
as manure. Again refill the container as explained above and prepare vermi-wash
Method of application:
1. 10 lit. Vermiwash is mixed in 100 liters of water and sprayed on an acre of
crop.
2. Vermiwash can be used on all crops, nurseries and fruit crops.
3. Can be sprayed 1-2 times during crop duration to get good results.
4. By spraying Vermi wash controls micronutrient deficiencies to some
extent.
5
Methods
of Mixed in soil during final land preparation and also broadcasted in early crop
application/Practices growth stage
Duration/
Scheduling
of
application
Micro
nutrient
management
Methods
of
enhancement of soil
biomass
Green manuring crop, crop rotation with pulses, planting glyricidia in field bunds
Insect/Pest/ Management
Insect/ Pest control
methods/ practices
(E.G. If NPM, please
specify
particular
method of control
under NPM)




Pheromone trap
Beauvaria basiana application
Tricho card
Yellow sticky card
Disease & Pest Management
TOBACCO DECOCTION (Extract)
Organic farming and sustainable agriculture emphasize in reducing the harmful
chemicals and use of more natural materials. This will reduce the pesticide
accumulation in crops, soil and water. Certain Concoction / Decoction (Extract) can
be prepared from different naturally available material and used for this purpose.
Nicotine in Tobacco control the pests through contact, Tobacco Decoction (Extract)
can be used against Whitefly and other sucking pests.
Required Material:
1. Tobacco waste – 1 Kg
2. Soap powder – 100 gm
Method of Preparation:
1. Boil 1 Kg Tobacco waste in 10 L of water for 30 minutes
2. Add water regularly
3. Cool the Decoction (Extract) and filter it through a thin cloth
4. Add 1000 L of water to the above Decoction (Extract), it is
sufficient for 1 acre and apply it in the evening time.
Precautions:
1. Tie a cloth to nose while making the Decoction (Extract)
2. Cover entire body while spraying
3. Apply only once on a crop, otherwise friendly insects may die
Insect/ Pest control
substances
(biopesticide/
others
etc)
4. Never store the Decoction (Extract).
Yes
COW DUNG AND URINE SOLUTION
Large number of microbes present in the cow dung and urine are useful in
controlling many fungal diseases. Nutrients present in the solution are useful for
effective plant growth. This can be applied for two to three times in a crop period.
Required Material:
1. Cow dung – 5 Kg
2. Cow urine – 5 L
3. Lime – 150 gm
Method of Preparation:
1. Store 5 Kg cow dung, 5 L of cow urine and 5 L of water in a tub
2. Cover the tub and allow the solution to ferment n for 4 days
3. Stir the solution with a stick every day
4. After 4 days filter the solution and add 150 gm of lime to it
5. Add 100 L of water to the solution to spray it in 1 acre
Precautions:
1. As this solution is thick use a mesh or gunny bag to filter the
solution (first time)
2. After that add water and filter through a thin cloth
3. We can store the solution for 1 or 2 days (farmer’s experience)
4. Use piskari
Note:
1. This solution will improve the resistance power of the crops.
2. Spraying of this solution will improve the drought resistant capacity.
CHILLI - GARLIC SOLUTION
Alkaloids like Capsaicin and Allesin present in chilies and garlic respectively will act
through contact. These will create tingling effect on the insects and will make them
fall from the tree and die.
Required Material:
1. Green Chilies - 3 Kg
2. Garlic - ½ Kg
3. Kerosene – 250 ml
4. Soap powder – 100 gm
Method of Preparation:
1. Grind the chilies after removing the petioles and add 10 L of water
to it. Keep this solution overnight.
2. Grind the 1/2 kg garlic and add 250 ml kerosene and keep
overnight
3. Next day morning filter the chilly solution through a thin cloth
4. Do the same for garlic solution
5. Mix chilly solution, garlic solution and soap powder thoroughly and
make a mixture
6. Add 100 L of water to the above solution. This can be applied for
one acre
Precaution:
1. Apply oil to the body while preparing this Decoction (Extract)
2. Cover the body while spraying
3. Apply this solution only one or two times during the cropping season.
5% NEEM SEED KERNEL EXTRACTION:
“Azadirachtin” present in the Neem will affect different stages of the pest life cycle.
It will act through stomach and on contact
Required Materials:
1. Neem seeds – 5 Kg
2. Soap powder – 100 gm
Method of Preparation:
1. Good quality 5 Kg Neem seeds dried under shade
2. This powder can be packed in cloth and kept in 10 L of water for
10-12 hrs
3. Extract the Decoction (Extract) by pressing the cloth pack for 10-15
min
4. Filter this solution through a thin cloth
5. Add 100 gm of soap powder to the filtered solution
6. Add 100 L of water to the solution and spray it in 1acre during
evening time
Note:
1. 5-10 Kg of Neem powder is required (depending on the crop stage and pest
intensity)
2. This solution cannot be stored
3. Depending on the crop stage and intensity increase the dosage
4. This solution can be used on all crops and nurseries
5. This solution can be used in orchards to get better yields
6. Instead of soap powder we can use 500 gm of soap nut
Uses of Neem seed kernel extract:
a. It affects egg and larva stages of the crop pests. Larvae cannot feed
on the leaves, as the Neem extract coated leaves taste bitter
“Azadirachtin”, which is present in the Neem, affects the lifecycle
of the pests. The pest will die as larvae or pupae.
b. This solution will not affect human health, friendly insects and
environment
c. “Lemonoids” present in Neem will help in keeping the crop healthy
Other products of Neem:
Neem oil:
1. Generally Neem oil is available in the market. Pure Neem oil can be
used in pest control
2. 5% solution of Neem oil is effective in pest control ( 5 ml of Neem
oil in 1 L water and prepared to 100 L of solution can be used per
one acre)
3. As Neem oil is insoluble in water, acts as a spreading agent by
mixing 100 grams soap solution.
4. Depending on pest intensity spray 100-150 L of solution.
Pests controlled:
Sucking pests, fruit borers and leaf folders can be controlled with this solution.
Neem powder:
1. Neem powder or Neem cake can be obtained after extracting
Neem oil
2. Neem powder contains 5.2% to 5.6% of Nitrogen, 1.1% of
Phosphorus, 1.1% of Potash
3. 1-2 q of Neem cake can be applied per 1 acre
4. It is effective against soil borne pests
5. It can be applied at the time of ploughing
6. It can be applied before sowing the seeds in nurseries
Pests controlled:
Soil borne nematodes and root grubs
Precautions for storing Neem seeds:
Do’s
1. Collect ripened and dropped fruits in June and July.
2. Remove seeds from fruits regularly.
3. Dry the seeds under shade.
4. Store the seeds in gunny bags.
Don’ts
1. Don’t store the seeds more than one year
2. Don’t dry under sun light
3. Don’t store in polythene bags
Note: If seeds are stored in large quantities add 500 g mixture of Sulphur and lime
in 1:10 ratio per quintal of seeds.
DRY CHILLI – GARLICSOLUTION
Required materials:
1. Dry chilies – 1Kg
2. Garlic – 1Kg
Method of Preparation:
1. Grind 1 Kg dry chilies and add 5 liters of water and keep the
solution over night
2. Take one kg of garlic (remove top layer) and grind it to make paste
and add 5liters of water and keep it over night
3. Next day mix the two solutions and filter it through a thin cloth
4. Keep the mixture for four hours and add 100 lts of water
5. This can be sprayed on one acre of Paddy field
Precaution:
1. This Decoction (Extract) can be applied only twice in a crop period
2. Don’t store the Decoction (Extract), spray immediately
3. Apply oil to the body while preparing the solution
4. Cover the entire body while applying this Decoction (Extract).
GREEN CHILLI – NEEM –GARLIC – TOBACCO CONCOCTION
Presence of Alkaloids makes this Concoction (Mixture) effective in pest control,
This Decoction (Extract) is effective against Helicoverpa, Spodoptera and Red hairy
cater pillar.
Required Material:
1. Neem leaves – 2 Kg
2. Tobacco waste – 1 Kg
3. Garlic – 1 Kg
4. Green chilies – 1 Kg
5. Cow urine – 5 L
Method of Preparation:
1. Grind all the above mentioned materials except tobacco waste.
2. Add tobacco wastes to the mixtures and add 5 L of cow urine and
store it for 10 days.
3. Stir the solution every day.
4. Filter this solution after 10 days and add 100 L of water and this
can be sprayed in 1 acre of land.
Precaution:
1. This can be applied on 1-2 times during a crop period to get
maximum benefits.
2. Don’t store the solution.
3. Apply oil to your body while preparing the solution.
Cover your body while spraying the solution
6
Disease Management
Blast : Use of tolerant varieties, Remove all the paddy straw from field after
harvesting, straw act as host for the fungus spores; Spray cow-urine, Mix urine in
water at 1:10 ratio and spray in field
Disease
control
methods/ Practices
Sheath blight: Use of tolerant varieties, Remove all the paddy straw from field after
harvesting, straw act as host for the fungus spores
Disease
control
substance
(bio
fungicide/others )
7
Harvesting
8
9
Methods of harvesting
Harvest is done using sickle
Practices for improving Agro ecological services ( bringing tree component / Bio diversity etc)
If the PIA have any post harvest technology regarding storage of food grains, Seeds, value addition, please
specify