Chapter Eight Concept Checks
Concept Check 8.1
Check your understanding of eating disorders by identifying the proper disorder in the
following scenarios: (a) bulimia nervosa, (b) anorexia nervosa, (c) pica, (d) binge-eating
disorder.
1. Jason has been having episodes lately when he eats prodigious amounts of food. He’s
been putting on a lot of weight because of it. ____________
2. I noticed Elena eating a whole pie, a cake, and two bags of potato ships the other day
when she didn’t know I was there. She ran to the bathroom when she was finished
and it sounded like she was vomiting. This disorder can lead to an electrolyte
imbalance, resulting in serious medical problems. ____________
3. Pam eats large quantities of food in a short time. She then takes laxatives and
exercises for long periods to prevent weight gain. She has been doing this almost
daily for several months and feels she will become worthless and ugly if she gains
even an ounce. ____________
4. Kirsten has lost several pounds and now weighs less that 90 pounds. She eats only a
small portion of the food her mother serves her and fears that intake above her current
500 calories daily will make her fat. Since losing the weight, Kirsten has stopped
having periods. She sees a fat person in the mirror. ____________
5. Judy, a 14-year-old with mental retardation, has the habit of picking paint off the
walls and eating it. This has made her ill on numerous occasions, but she will not
refrain from doing it. ____________
Concept Check 8.2
Mark the following statements about the causes and treatment of eating disorders as
either True (T) of False (F).
1. ___ Many young women with eating disorders have a diminished sense of personal
control and confidence in their own abilities and talents, are perfectionists, and/or are
intensely preoccupied with how they appear to others.
2. ___ Biological factors as well as the societal pressure to use diet and exercise to
achieve nearly impossible weight goals contribute to the high numbers of anorexia
nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
3. ___ One study showed that males consider a much smaller female body size to be
more attractive than women do.
4. ___ Antidepressants help individuals overcome anorexia nervosa, but have no effect
on bulimia nervosa.
5. ___ Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) are
both successful treatments for bulimia nervosa although CBT is the preferred method.
6. ___ Attention must be focused on an anorexic’s dysfunctional attitudes about body
shape or the individual will most likely relapse after treatment.
Concept Check 8.3
Match the following descriptions of sleeping problems with the correct term: (a)
cataplexy, (b) primary hypersomnia, (c) primary insomnia, (d) sleep apnea, (e) sleep
paralysis, (f) narcolepsy, (g) circadian rhythm sleep disorder, (h) breathing-related sleep
disorder.
1. Sometimes when Trudy awakens, she cannot move or speak. This is terrifying.
____________
2. Susan’s husband is extremely overweight. He snores every night and often wakes up
exhausted as though he never slept. Susan suspects that he may be suffering from
____________.
3. Suzy can hardly make it through a full day of work if she doesn’t take a nap during
her lunch hour. No matter how early she goes to bed in the evening, she still sleeps as
late as possible in the morning. ____________
4. Jerod wakes up several times each evening because he feels he is about to
hyperventilate. He can’t seem to get enough air, and often his wife will wake him to
tell him to quit snoring. ____________
5. Charlie has had considerable trouble sleeping since he started a new job that requires
him to change shifts every 3 weeks. Sometime he works during the day and sleeps at
night, and other times he works at night and sleeps during the day. ____________
6. Jill has problems staying awake throughout the day. Even while talking on the phone
or riding the bus across town, she often loses muscle tone and falls asleep for a while.
____________
Concept Check 8.4
Part A
Diagnose the sleep problems of the cases below using one of the following:
(a) nocturnal eating syndrome, (b) sleep terrors, and (c) nightmares.
1, Ashley screams out from her bed nearly every night. Her parents rusht to comfort
her, but she doesn’t respond. Her heart rate is elevated during these episodes, and her
pajamas are soaked in sweat. The next day Ashley has no memory of the experience.
_______
2. Rick has been dieting for over a month, but continues to gain weight. He has
noticed that food is missing from the refrigerator, but has no memory of eating.
______
3. Eddie occasionally cries out from his bedroom at night. His parents take turns
going into his room during these episodes and are eventually able to calm him
down. He usually tells them that he was being chased by a big green monster and
that he almost was caught. His parents noticed that these nighttime events may
have started after he watched television at a friend’s house._______
Part B
Fill in the blanks to make the following statements correct about the treatment of sleep
disorders.
4. After Shirley’s husband died at the age of 70, she could not sleep. For her insomnia,
Shirley’s family doctor prescribed enough ____________ medications to get her
through the hardest first week.
5. Dominic expressed concern to his doctor about developing a sleep disorder. His
doctor suggested some relatively simple lifestyle changes or a good ____________.
6. Ashley wakes up screaming every night disregarding her parents’ efforts to comfort
her. Her heart rate is elevated in these episodes, and her pajamas are soaked in sweat.
The next day, she has no memory of the experience. To help reduce these night
terrors, Ashley’s pediatrician used ____________.
Answers to Concept Checks
8.1
1. d
2. a
3. a
4. b
5. c
8.2
1. T 2. T 3. F (females find a smaller size more attractive than men) 4. F (they help
with bulimia nervosa, not anorexia) 5. T 6. T
8.3
1. e
2. d
3. b
8.4
1. b
2. a
3. c
4. h
5. g
6. f
4. benzodiazepine 5. sleep hygiene 6. scheduled awakenings