Questions
Q1.
Bacteria are classified as prokaryotes.
State two characteristics of prokaryotes.
(2)
1
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
2
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................
Q2.
Classification
(a) Tigers are classified as vertebrates.
The binomial name for the tiger is Panthera tigris.
(i) Complete the sentence by putting a cross ( ) in the box next to your answer.
The word Panthera in the tiger’s binomial name refers to its
(1)
A class
B genus
C order
D species
(ii) State the phylum that includes mammals such as tigers.
(1)
..............................................................................................................................................
(b) Bacteria are classified as prokaryotes.
State two characteristics of prokaryotes.
(2)
1
........................................................................................................................................................................
2
........................................................................................................................................................................
(c) Explain why it is difficult to classify some living organisms.
(2)
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
*(d) Describe how scientists classify vertebrates into different groups.
(6)
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
Q3.
Classification
(a) All the organisms in the diagram belong to one Kingdom.
(i) Which Kingdom do these organisms belong to?
Place a cross (
) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A
Animalia
B
Fungi
C
Protoctista
D
Prokaryotes
(ii) In which structure are the chromosomes of these organisms found?
Place a cross (
) in the box next to your answer.
(1)
A
cilia
B
chloroplast
C
flagellum
D
nucleus
(iii) Suggest one reason why both Euglena and Chlamydomonas could be placed into the Kingdom
Plantae.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(b) (i) Euglena is unusual because it is both heterotrophic and autotrophic.
Explain how this helps Euglena to survive.
(3)
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii) A scientist discovered a new species of Euglena in boiling acidic mud in Costa Rica.
Explain how this discovery could be validated by the scientific community.
(2)
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(Total for question = 8 marks)
Mark Scheme
Q1.
Question
Number
Answer
Any two of the
following
• unicellular (1) • do
not have nucleus /
DNA in cytoplasm (1)
• circular DNA /
plasmids (1)
Acceptable answers
Mark
(2)
Q2.
Question
Number
(a)(i)
Question
Number
(a)(ii)
Question
Number
(b)
Question
Number
(c)
Question
Number
QWC
Answer
Acceptable answers
Mark
Acceptable answers
(1)
Mark
chordates accept
any reasonable
spelling of the term
Acceptable answers
(1)
Mark
Any two of the
following
• unicellular (1) • do
not have nucleus /
DNA in cytoplasm (1)
• circular DNA /
plasmids (1)
Answer
Acceptable answers
(2)
Mark
B
Answer
chordata
Answer
an explanation
linking two of the
following • there are
variations within a
species • some
organisms have
similar features /
features that are
common to more
than one group /
species / kingdom(1)
• some closely
related species can
interbreed / breed
with each other (1)
• hybrids can be
produced (1)
allow references to
specific organisms
such as the duck
billed platypus /
axolotl / kiwi
Indicative Content
*(d)
(2)
Mark
A description
including some of
the following
• physical external
characteristics of
vertebrates such as
fur/ feathers / smooth
skin • vertebrates
can be classed
further through how
they absorb oxygen
• fish have gills to
absorb oxygen from
the water they swim
in • mammals
/reptiles / birds all
have lungs to absorb
oxygen • young
(6)
Level
1
0
1-2
2
3-4
3
5-6
amphibians have
gills but adult
amphibians have
lungs / diffuse
oxygen through
moist skin
• vertebrates can
be classed further
based on their
reproductive method
• external
fertilisation in fish
(water fertilisation
usually) • internal
fertilisation in
mammals /birds
• lay eggs in bird
vertebrates /
oviparous or whether
they give birth to live
young in mammalian
vertebrates /
viviparous
• vertebrates can
be classed further
based on their
thermoregulation
• reptiles will use
poikilothermic
processes to
regulate their body
temperature
• mammals/birds
will use
homeothermic
processes to
regulate their body
temperature
No rewardable content
• a limited description of one or more
method of the classification of vertebrates
probably limited to physical external
characteristics • the answer communicates
ideas using simple language and uses
limited scientific terminology • spelling,
punctuation and grammar are used with
limited accuracy
• a simple description of two or more
methods of classification of vertebrates of
which one must be thermoregulation,
fertilisation, reproduction or oxygen
absorption • the answer communicates
ideas showing some evidence of clarity and
organisation and uses scientific terminology
appropriately • spelling, punctuation and
grammar are used with some accuracy
• a detailed description of two or more
methods of the classification of vertebrates
including either oxygen absorption methods,
thermoregulation, fertilisation, reproductive
methods with correct scientific terms
included • the answer communicates ideas
clearly and coherently uses a range of
scientific terminology accurately • spelling,
punctuation and grammar are used with few
errors
Q3.