Name: _________________________
Hour: _____
Date: _____________
Chemistry: Chemical Bonding Activity
Introduction
When atoms bond together to form ionic compounds, they will not combine with just any other atom. For
example, two atoms that will never form an ionic bond are a sodium atom (Na) and a potassium atom (K). This
is because both Na1+ and K1+ are cations, or positively-charged ions. In order for two atoms to form an ionic
bond, one must be a cation (+ charge) and the other must be an anion (- charge). Remember, opposite
charges attract each other and similar charges repel each other. Opposite charges can bond to each other,
and similar charges cannot.
In this activity, you will get some practice in learning how atoms form ionic bonds. Listen carefully as the teacher
explains the procedure, then begin.
Activity
1. potassium and bromine
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
2. potassium and oxygen
Ion Name
3. magnesium and bromine
Ion Name
4. aluminum and nitrogen
Ion Name
5. lead (IV) and nitrogen
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
6. copper (II) and hydroxide ion
Ion Name
7. ammonium ion and nitrate ion
Ion Name
8. calcium and phosphate ion
Ion Name
9. ammonium ion and phosphate ion
Ion Name
10. aluminum and oxygen
Ion Name
11 and 12. Make two compounds of iron and oxygen.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
13 and 14. Make two compounds of lead and sulfur.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
15 and 16. Make two compounds of copper and oxygen.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
Chemical Formula
Use the pieces to make one molecule (technically, the term should be “formula unit,” since these are ionic
compounds) of any five of the compounds and get your teacher’s initials.
Chemical Formula of Compound
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Teacher’s Initials
Questions
1. What was the overall charge on all of the molecules (formula units) that you constructed?
2. Compare your pieces with the Periodic Table and answer these questions.
a. Do nonmetals form anions or cations?
b. Do metals form anions or cations?
c.
What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 1?
d. What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 2?
e. What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 17?
f.
Do cation pieces fit with other cation pieces?
g. Do anion pieces fit with other anion pieces?
3. What type of elements (metals, metalloids, or nonmetals) form ionic bonds with metals?
4. What type of elements (metals, metalloids, or nonmetals) form ionic bonds with nonmetals?
5. Write the chemical formula that results when the following pairs of ions combine to form an ionic bond.
a. Sr2+ and O2-
b. Mn4+ and O2-
c.
Li1+ and Cl1-
d. Cs1+ and S2-
KEY
Chemistry: Chemical Bonding Activity
Introduction
When atoms bond together to form ionic compounds, they will not combine with just any other atom. For
example, two atoms that will never form an ionic bond are a sodium atom (Na) and a potassium atom (K). This
is because both Na1+ and K1+ are cations, or positively-charged ions. In order for two atoms to form an ionic
bond, one must be a cation (+ charge) and the other must be an anion (- charge). Remember, opposite
charges attract each other and similar charges repel each other. Opposite charges can bond to each other,
and similar charges cannot.
In this activity, you will get some practice in learning how atoms form ionic bonds. Listen carefully as the teacher
explains the procedure, then begin.
Activity
1. potassium and bromine
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
potassium ion
K1+
cation
1
bromide
Br1-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
potassium ion
K1+
cation
2
oxide
O2-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
magnesium ion
Mg2+
cation
1
bromide
Br1-
anion
2
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
aluminum ion
Al3+
cation
1
nitride
N3-
anion
1
Chemical Formula
KBr
2. potassium and oxygen
Chemical Formula
K2 O
3. magnesium and bromine
Chemical Formula
MgBr2
4. aluminum and nitrogen
Chemical Formula
AlN
5. lead (IV) and nitrogen
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
lead (IV) ion
Pb4+
cation
3
nitride
N3-
anion
4
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
copper (II) ion
Cu2+
cation
1
hydroxide
OH1-
anion
2
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
ammonium ion
NH41+
cation
1
nitrate
NO31-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
calcium ion
Ca2+
cation
3
phosphate
PO43-
anion
2
Chemical Formula
Pb3N4
6. copper (II) and hydroxide ion
Chemical Formula
Cu(OH)2
7. ammonium ion and nitrate ion
Chemical Formula
NH4NO3
8. calcium and phosphate ion
Chemical Formula
Ca3(PO4)2
9. ammonium ion and phosphate ion
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
ammonium ion
NH41+
cation
3
phosphate
PO43-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
aluminum ion
Al3+
cation
2
oxide
O2-
anion
3
Chemical Formula
(NH4)3PO4
10. aluminum and oxygen
Chemical Formula
Al2O3
11 and 12. Make two compounds of iron and oxygen.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
iron (II) ion
Fe2+
cation
1
oxide
O2-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
iron (III) ion
Fe3+
cation
2
oxide
O2-
anion
3
Chemical Formula
FeO
Chemical Formula
Fe2O3
13 and 14. Make two compounds of lead and sulfur.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
lead (II) ion
Pb2+
cation
1
sulfide
S2-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
lead (IV) ion
Pb4+
cation
1
sulfide
S2-
anion
2
Chemical Formula
PbS
Chemical Formula
PbS2
15 and 16. Make two compounds of copper and oxygen.
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
copper (I) ion
Cu1+
cation
2
oxide
O2-
anion
1
Ion Name
Ion Symbol
Anion/Cation
How Many?
copper (II) ion
Cu2+
cation
1
oxide
O2-
anion
1
Chemical Formula
Cu2O
Chemical Formula
CuO
Use the pieces to make one molecule (technically, the term should be “formula unit,” since these are ionic
compounds) of any five of the compounds and get your teacher’s initials.
Chemical Formula of Compound
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Teacher’s Initials
Questions
1. What was the overall charge on all of the molecules (formula units) that you constructed?
neutral
or
(zero)
2. Compare your pieces with the Periodic Table and answer these questions.
a. Do nonmetals form anions or cations?
anions
b. Do metals form anions or cations?
cations
c.
What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 1?
1+
d. What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 2?
2+
e. What is the charge for all of the elements in Group 17?
1f.
Do cation pieces fit with other cation pieces?
No
g. Do anion pieces fit with other anion pieces?
No
3. What type of elements (metals, metalloids, or nonmetals) form ionic bonds with metals?
nonmetals
4. What type of elements (metals, metalloids, or nonmetals) form ionic bonds with nonmetals?
metals
5. Write the chemical formula that results when the following pairs of ions combine to form an ionic bond.
a. Sr2+ and O2SrO
b. Mn4+ and O2MnO2
c.
Li1+ and Cl1LiCl
d. Cs1+ and S2Cs2S