EUROCORES Programme
Application Template for
Outline Proposals
Title EUROCORES Programme: TOPO-EUROPE
The Outline Proposal should consist of 1200 words maximum plus the CVs (1 page maximum each) and the budget. The proposal should contain the following elements:
1. A short description of the Collaborative Research Project (CRP), including

Objectives;

Milestones;

Methodologies (e.g., experiments and fieldwork);

How (and why) the partners contributing to the CRP will work together.
(MIDHA - http://midha.iterre.fr
)
Detailed proposal with references, figures and links available on the project web site
Objectives
The Hellenic subduction arc is a major plate boundary in Europe, presenting a high seismic potential. Several geodetic studies initiated around the Hellenic arc since the 1990’s indicate a regional convergence rate of ~35mm/yr and provide detailed information inside the deforming zone. In the last 2500 years, more than twelve M>7 earthquakes have produced strong damages and tsunamis in the Hellenic arc. The two most devastating were the 365 AD,
M=8.3 earthquake which destroyed several towns is western Crete and the 1303, M=8, east
Rhodos earthquake which inundated most coastlines of the eastern Mediterranean sea.
Moderate to large destructive earthquakes also occur on numerous shallow normal faults striking perpendicularly to the arc like the Kalamata earthquake in 1986.
Deep and shallow earthquakes contribute to the topography observed in Crete, in the southern Peloponissos and the other islands of the arc, with impressive normal fault scarps, uplifted terraces, and submerged coast lines. At the scale of 10kyr, Crete had its southern coast uplifted at the mean rate of 1.5±0.5 mm/year, and tilted at 0.1 µrd/year.
The detailed process leading to this fast uplift is still under debate, as well as the link between deep and shallow seismicity. The short-term spatio-temporal kinematics of the vertical motions remains mostly unknown.
In this project, we want to address several major questions:
What is the recurrence time of the large normal faulting earthquakes?
What is the recurrence time of the great subduction events?
Can one single earthquake rupture the full arc at once (~600 km), resulting in a magnitude larger than 8.5?
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What is the degree of decoupling of the subduction?
Is the related aseismic slip, if any continuous, or episodic?
Are they any transient slip, and/or tectonic tremors on the thrust, like those observed in the subductions of the Cascades or in Japan?
Would these transients, if any, reveal the preparation of very large earthquakes, or to the contrary the aseismic release of tectonic stress?
Which models can we propose to explain those transients?
We want to provide new observations for contributing to answer these questions. We will focus on the present-day deformation rate and style of the Hellenic arc, with geodetic, seismological and in situ observations.
Methodology
Our idea is to integrate and analyse high resolution deformation measurements, at time scales spanning from seconds to years. We will deploy a muti-parameter and multi-scale system, with special effort on tiltmeter measurements and broadband seismology. This core instrumentation will be completed with GPS, tide-gauge and absolute and relative gravity measurements. Space data will complete the observation scheme locally around the multiparameter sites using SAR interferometry, and at the scale of the arc using space gravityaccelerometry observations from GRACE and GOCE.
We envisage three core multi-parameter stations, one in Crete, one in the southern
Peloponissos, one in the island of Karpathos. Within this large scale network, we will insert six additional sites with at least tiltmeter observations. As far as possible we will use already existing infrastructure. Technically, it is difficult to have all sensors of a multi-parameter station installed exactly at the same place, the tolerance for distance inter-sensors in a multiparameters station will be 5km. Connexion between benchmarks inside a multi-parameter area will be performed with GPS, relative gravity and also SAR interferometry.
Seismology
The seismological studies will focus on the detection of slow or silent earthquakes with durations up to a few hours, as well as tectonic tremors. The mechanisms of the ordinary earthquakes will be used to better constrain the stress environment of the subducting and overriding plate. There are already several broadband stations in the Hellenic arc with open access to the data in ORFEUS. We plan to fill the gap still existing in southern Peloponissos and between Peloponissos and Crete, with two new stations and satellite telemetry. The data will be provided to ORFEUS.
Geodesy
Very few GPS stations exist today in the Hellenic Arc with telemetry and open data access. We will upgrade already existing stations operated by ETHZ in the Hellenic Arc. In the multi-parameter sites, the continuous GPS data will contribute to constrain the degree of coupling of the subduction zone and to detect the largest slow transient deformation. The data will be provided to EUREF and IGS.
Tilts and strain
High resolution strain and tilt instruments will be used for detecting smaller transients lasting hours to months. They will be installed hundred of meters underground, for avoiding environmental perturbations (deep boreholes, mines, or caves). We have already experience in
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this type of installation in caves and boreholes. Meteorological stations will be installed to decorrelate external perturbations.
Gravity measurements
We will perform absolute gravity measurements at the multi-parameter stations and additional tilt stations, coupled with GPS observations. The measurement of dG/dH will provide information about the dynamics in the area (rate f mass transfer).
Observing tectonic effects implies a proper correction of non tectonic effects including atmospheric, oceanic and hydrologic loading, Earth and sea tides, local effects. We expect to see correlations in the non tectonic effects observed by the gravimeters and the tiltmeters. This will help to correct those effects.
Tide-gauges
The tide gauges networks deployed in the Mediterranean have large gaps, especially in the Hellenic arc. The new tide gauges will contribute to the ESEAS-GPS network.
Space techniques and combination space data / ground data
Space data will constrain the field observations at various scales. SAR interferometry will be performed around each multi-parameter station
GRACE and GOCE (especially the latter) provide information starting with wavelength of ~300km. Large earthquakes in the arc could produce a measurable signal.
Given the high uplift rate, large scale changes might be also observable after a few years. In all cases, a long term observation strategy will be needed, including appropriate calibration with ground data (GPS, tide gauges).
Data analysis and modelling
The coherent combination of the various categories of space and ground data will help separation of tectonic and atmospheric effects. The continuous records of all these instruments will be analyzed, cross-correlated, and compared with seismic activity. New algorithms will be developed for a better detection of transients close to the instrumental noise level.
Geological background data
Geological knowledge and assessment of the long term evolution of the arc and vertical motion will come partly from the ongoing French ANR project EGEO.
Milestones
Selection of the multi-parameter sites (month 6) taking into account the existing networks with open data access.
Installation of two VBB stations in southern Mani and in the island of Kytira (month
9).
Three ETHZ GPS sites upgraded (month 9).
Six long-base tiltmeters installed . Sites selection will imply careful reconnaissance and preferably deep caves (3 at month 9 + 3 at month 18)
Installations of tide-gauges in connexion with the ESEAS-GPS project (month 9)
Gravity measurements on stable platforms created at each station (month 9, 18, 27)
InSAR time series (start month 6)
Open data base for this project (month 6)
Organisation of an international conference on silent earthquakes (month 18)
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Partnership - Interactions
The team shares a long experience of collaborative geophysical research in the
Mediterranean and common knowledge in instrumental geophysics. They share the will to develop long term observations in the Mediterranean for Global Change and Natural Hazards studies. There share common interest to develop new modelling of the deformation data and new approaches to handle the data itself. This is particularly the case for the methodology
(cross calibration of measurements of various sensors, combination space / ground observations) and for the new expected data from the tiltmeters and the VBB seismic stations.
Effort will be made in particular on the research analysis of the tremors in the subduction.
INSU has five laboratories associated in this project. ENS and IPGP have a long experience of geophysical research and instrumentation in Greece jointly with CUP and UPAT. ENS,
EOST and IPGP share a strong experience in seismology, jointly with CUP, EU and UPAT.
EOST and GM share experience in gravity measurements. CLDG and IPGP share experience in tide gauges, complementary to that of ETHZ. GM, IPGP and ENS share experience in tiltmeter measurements. GM and ENS share experience in InSAR, EOST and ENS in other spaceborne observation. All INSU teams share experience in GPS, and have already links with ETHZ.
CUP will operate a broad-band seismic station jointly with UE, perform data analysis and modelling, multiple point-source moment-tensor inversion of regional and local waveforms, with special emphasis on complexity of the source process and non-DC focal mechanism.
UE will install and operate a seismic station jointly with CUP and participate to the analysis of the data. UE has also links with the Spanish groups involved in the seismological
PICASSO research initiative.
ETHZ will contribute with permanent GPS installations to the detailed short-term spatiotemporal kinematic field associated with the Hellenic subduction zone.
UPAT will give access to its existing infrastructure of stations and contacts in the western
Hellenic arc. It will help the implementation of the multi-paramater stations. It will be involved in the seismological part of the project.
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2. Please indicate how the CRP plans to meet the criteria of the Call for Proposals, i.e.,

Relevance to the Call for Proposals;

Novelty and originality;

European added value (scientific).
Relevance to the Call for Proposals
This project is relevant to the following items of the TOPO-EUROCE call for proposals:
- Acquisition, processing and interpretation of satellite gravity and geodetic data;
- Multi-sensor studies;
- Quantifying plate-boundary and intra-plate uplift and subsidence rates;
- Studying shallow and deep characteristics of active fault systems;
- Investigating natural hazards in the natural laboratories;
- Compiling data and securing long term accessibility to the resultant integrated databases;
- Quantification of ground uplift/subsidence in active areas.
- Studying crustal and lithospheric strength and strain-rate distribution throughout Europe;
- Analysis of common processes operating in studies of the natural laboratories;
- Developing a new generation of high-performance computer methods required to advance:
(i) tectonic and lithospheric studies; (ii) modelling of seismic wave propagation; (iii) mass-redistribution in the Solid-Earth system;
- Innovative analogue and numerical modelling of mantle-to-lithosphere-to-surface processes;
- Integrating 4-D data sets originating from different geoscientific fields, including space geodesy.
Novelty and originality
This project has several original components
Multi-parameter and multi-scale approach applied at meso-scale to a well defined geodynamic object
Development of new observations with tiltmeters
Development of new algorithms for broadband seismic data and tiltmeter data
Coupling space and ground data in a well defined context
European added value (scientific)
- This project will contribute to the European effort of long term acquisition of various categories of geophysical data. It will be linked to various existing initiatives in seismology
(ORFEUS, NERIES, PICASSO, EGELADOS), GPS (EUREF, IGS), sea level (TIGA,
ESEAS-GPS, GLOSS).
- Given the level of seismic risk and tsunami risk in the Hellenic arc, the effort to produce innovative data in real-time, and innovative models, will contribute to the GMES
( http://www.gmes.info/ ) objectives.
- The project is well defined in terms of geographic objectives and methodological basis
(acquisition of new pertinent and innovative data). Through the open data policy and the conference that will be organized at mid-term of the project, it is expected to contribute to the strengthening of the geophysical research in this area.
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3. A short CV (1 page max.), including five most relevant publications) of each Principal
Investigator and Associated Partner of the CRP, supporting the application.
Dr. Pierre Briole, born October 9, 1961, Gap, France
Telephone : +33 (6) 08 60 12 74
Email : briole@ipgp.jussieu.fr
, Web : www.ipgp.jussieu.fr/~briole
Education
Agregation (Physics), 1983
Ph.D., 1990, University Paris VI, France
-
Habilitation à diriger des recherches, 2000, University Paris VII
Appointments
2004 – present : Directeur de Recherche, CNRS
1990 – 2004 : Chargé de Recherche, CNRS
Research interests
Study of the ground deformation of volcanoes (Etna, Campi Flegrei, Vulcano (Italie),
Piton de la Fournaise (France), Nisyros (Grèce), Sakurajima (Japon)) and seismic areas (Rift d’Asal (Djibouti), Golfe de Corinthe (Grèce), Nord Chili, Umbrie (Italie))
Use of various geodetic and remote sensing techniques (GPS, SAR intereferometry, correlation of high resolution visible imagery)
Modelling of ground deformation.
Selected publications
Briole P., G. De Natale, R. Gaulon, F. Pingue and R. Scarpa, Inversion of geodetic data and seismicity associated with the Friuli earthquake sequence (1976-1977), Annales
Geophysicae, 4, pp 481-492, 1986.
Massonnet D., P. Briole and A. Arnaud, Deflation of Mount Etna monitored by spaceborne radar interferometry, Nature, 375, 567-570, 1995.
Briole P., A. Rigo, H. Lyon-Caen, J.-C. Ruegg, K. Papazissi, C. Mitsakaki, A.M.
Balodimou, G. Veis, D. Hatzfeld and A. Deschamps, Active Deformation of the Corinth Rift,
Greece: Results from repeated GPS surveys between 1990 and 1995, J. Geophys. Res, 25605-
25625, 2000.
-
Houlié, N., P. Briole, A. Nercessian, and M. Murakami, Sounding the plume of the
August 18, 2000 eruption of Myiakejima volcano (Japan) using GPS, Geophys. Res. Lett.,
VOL. 32, L05302, doi:10.1029/2004GL021728, 2005
Bernard P., H. Lyon-Caen, P. Briole, A. Deschamps, K. Pitilakis, M. Manakou, F.
Boudin, C. Berge, K. Makropoulos, D. Diagourtas, P. Papadimitriou, F. Lemeille, G. Patau,
H. Billiris, H. Castarede, O. Charade, A. Nercessian, A. Avallone, J. Zahradnik, S. Sack, A.
Linde, F. Pacchiani, Seismicity, deformation and seismic hazard in the western rift of Corinth: new insights from the Corinth Rift Laboratory (CRL), Tectonophysics, 2006.
6

Prof. Jiri Zahradnik , born in 1947
Tel: (+420-2) 2191 2546
E-mail: jz@karel.troja.mff.cuni.cz
, Web: http://geo.mff.cuni.cz/~jz/
Head of the Department of Geophysics 1993-2006, vice-head 2006-present
Associate Editor of the Journal of Seismology (since 2002)
Vice-President of the European Seismological Commission (2004-2006)
Leadership of several national and international projects in the Czech Republic
Coordinator of FP5 EC project MAGMA
Publications
Tselentis, G.-A., Zahradnik, J. (2000), The Athens earthquake of September 7, 1999 .
Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. 90, No. 5, 1143-1160.
Plicka V., and Zahradnik, J. (2002), The use of eGf method for dissimilar focal mechanisms: The Athens 1999 earthquake, Tectonophysics 359, 81-95.
Zahradnik, J., Jansky, J., Sokos, E., Serpetsidaki, A., Lyon-Caen, H., and
Papadimitriou, P. (2004), Modeling the M
L
4.7 mainshock of the February-July 2001 earthquake sequence in Aegion, Greece, J. of Seismology 8, 247-257.
Zahradnik, J., Serpetsidaki, A., Sokos, E, and Tselentis, G-A. (2005), Iterative deconvolution of regional waveforms and a double-event interpretation of the 2003 Lefkada earthquake, Greece, Bull. Seism. Soc. Am.
, 95, 159 - 172.
Zahradnik, J., Plesinger, A. (2005), Long-period pulses in broadband records of near earthquakes. Bull. Seism. Soc. Am.
, 95, 1928 – 1939.
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Prof. Mourad Bezzeghoud , born in Oran (Algeria) in 1955
Tel: +351 (266) 740 800 (ext: 53 98),
E-mail: mourad@uevora.pt
Doctor in Seismology by University of Paris VII, (France, 1987). He has held teaching and research appointment in the University of Paris VI (France), CRAAG (Algiers, Algeria),
École des Mines de Paris (France), University Complutense of Madrid (Spain). He is since
1998 professor of Physics in the University of Évora (Portugal). Seismologist, he is author of research articles on the source mechanism of earthquakes, seismicity and seismotectonics of the Ibero-Maghrebian region, Azores-Gibraltar and seismic tomogaphy. He is presently participating in research projects on strong ground motion modelling and seismic hazard. He has leading and participated in several projects.
Publications:
Borges J. F., M. Bezzeghoud, E. Buforn, C. Pro and A. Fitas, 2007. The 1980, 1997 and 1998 Azores earthquakes and its seismotectonic implications. Tectonophysics, 435, 37-
54.
Buforn E., M. Bezzeghoud, A. Udias and C. Pro, 2004 Seismic source in the Iberian-
African plate boundary. Pageoph, 161, 3, 623 – 646.
Ayadi A., C. Dorbath, A. Lesquer and M. Bezzeghoud, 2000. Crustal and upper mantle velocity structure of the Hoggar Swell (Central Sahara, Algeria). Phys. Earth and
Plan. Int., 118, 111- 123.
Bezzeghoud M. and E. Buforn, 1999. Source parameters of 1992 Melilla (Spain,
Mw=4.8), 1994 Alhoceima (Morocco, Mw=5.8) and 1994 Mascara (Algeria, Mw=5.7) earthquakes and seismotectonic implications. Bul. Seis. Soc. Am., 89, 2, 359-372
Bezzeghoud M., D. Dimitrov, J.C. Ruegg and K. Lammali, 1995. Faulting mechanism of the El Asnam (Algeria) 1954 and 1980 earthquakes from modelling of vertical movements. Tectonophysics, 249, 249-266.
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Prof. Dr. H.G. Kahle , full Professor of Geodesy and Geodynamics
Tel. +41 (44) 633 32 55
E-mail : kahle@geod.baug.ethz.ch
, Web page: http://www.ggl.baug.ethz.ch/
Academic Education
1968 Diploma (M.S.) degree in Geophysics at the University of Kiel, Germany
1970 Ph.D. (Dr.rer.nat.) at the University of Kiel, Germany
Thesis adviser: Prof. Dr. Dr. Karl Jung
Columbia University, New York, USA
1971-1973 Post-doctoral fellow and Research Associate at Lamont-Doherty
Geological Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New York, U.S.A.
1972 Chief scientist during VEMA expeditions in the Indian Ocean. Marine seismic, magnetics, heat flow and gravity studies.
1973 Research during NASA's Lunar project "Apollo 17". Scientific member in real time support team. Project: Traverse gravimeter experiment on the moon.
1973/1976 Research during NASA's project "GEOS-C satellite altimeter experiment".
ETH Zurich
1973-1979 "Oberassistent" at the Institut für Geophysik, Eidgenössische
Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Switzerland
1976 Habilitation in "Geophysics" at ETH Zurich
1979 Full Professorship in „Physics of the Solid Earth“ at the University of
Uppsala, Sweden
1986-1988, Dean of the Faculty of Surveying and Rural Engineering, ETH Zurich.
1992-1994 Head of Department of Geodetic Sciences at ETH Zürich
1999-2003 Director of Studies for Geomatics Engineering and Planning,
Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatics Engineering, ETHZ
2005-2007 Deputy Chairman of ETH Department of Civil, Environmental and
Geomatics Engineering
Publications
Hollenstein, C., Kahle, H.-G., Geiger, A., Jenny, S., Goes, S. and D. Giardini,
2003. New GPS constraints on the Africa-Eurasia plate boundary zone in southern
Italy. Geophys. Res. Letters. Vol. 30, no.18, 1935, doi:10.1029/2003GL017554,
2003.
Hollenstein, C., Geiger, A., Kahle, H.-G. and G. Veis, 2006. Time series of continuous GPS stations along the West Hellenic Arc. Geophys. J. Int., Vol. 164,
Page 182 ff. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.2005.02804.x
Jenny, S., Goes. S., Giardini, D. and H.-G. Kahle, 2004. Earthquake recurrence parameters from seismic and geodetic strain rates in the eastern Mediterranean.
Geophysical Journal Int., Vol. 157, No. 3: 1331-1347.
Kahle, H.-G., Cocard, M., Peter, Y., Geiger, A., Reilinger, R., S., Barka, A. and
G. Veis, 2000. GPS-derived strain rate field within the boundary zones of the
Eurasian, African, and Arabian plates.
J. Geophys. Res., 105, B10: 23353-23370.
Pavlis, E., Mertikas, S., Somieski, A., Bürki, B., Geiger, A., Kahle, H.-G.,
Limpach, Ph. et al. (Gavdos team), 2005. The GAVDOS Mean Sea Level and
Altimeter Calibration Facility: Results for JASON-1. Marine Geodesy: vol. 27, 3 rd
Jason Special issue 3-4. Verdun, J.,
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Prof. Akis Tselentis full Professor of Seismology and Geophysics and Director of the
Seismological centre of Patras University. He published more than 130 papers in international journals and conferences
E-mail : tselenti@upatras.gr
References:
G-A. Tselentis, N. Melis, E. Sokos and K. Papatsimpa, The Egion June 15, 1995 (6.2 ML) earthquake, W. Greece. PAGEOPH,147,1, 83-98, 1996.
G-A.Ttselentis, Intrinisic and scattering seismic attenuation in W. Greece.
PAGEIOPH,153,703-712, 1998.
G-A. Tselentis, Fault lengths during the Patras 1993 earthquake sequence as estimated from the pulse width of initial p-wave. PAGEOPH, 152,75-89, 1998.
G-A. Tselentis 1993: Shallow attenuation in the West Corinth-Patras rift, Greece.
BSSA,83,2,603-609.
Koukouvelas I.K., Katsonopoulou D., Soter S. & Xypolias P. 2005. Slip rates on the
Helike Fault, Gulf of Corinth, Greece: New evidence from geoarchaeology. Terra Nova,
17, 158-164, doi:10.1111/j.1365-3121.2005.00603.x, 2005.
Chatzipetros A., Kokkalas S., Pavlides S. & Koukouvelas I. 2005. Palaeoseismic data and their implication for active deformation in Greece. Journal of Geodynamics, 40, 170-188
Kokkalas S. & Koukouvelas I.K. Fault-scarp degradation modeling in Central Greece: the
Kaparelli and Heliki faults (gulf of Corinth) as a case study. Journal of Geodynamics, 40,
200-215, 2005.
> Document continues on next page
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4. Estimation of Requested Budgets over the total funding period per Principal Investigator (in
Euros/ [Other currencies])
(consistent with the rules of your national funding agency; Please contact your national funding agency if you have questions about this).
BUDGET ITEMS
Estimate of
Funding
INSU-FR
Pierre
Briole
CNRS (FR) EUROCORES Funding
Agency (EFA) must be consistent with the rules set by the relevant national funding agencies
€
Salary costs
Ph.D. student(s)
Post-doc. Researcher(s) senior researcher (s)
Technician(s) student stipend(s) / student assistant (s)
Equipment per item
110000
135000
Upgrade of GPS stations
Long baseline tiltmeters
Absolute gravity pads
Two BB seismic stations
10000
Tide gauges 36000
Travel conferences, workshops, 70000 travel to fieldwork, visits
(including networking within the CRP)
Consumables / Running
Costs including analysis costs
Publication,
Dissemination Costs
51000
10000
Overheads if applicable
Others including access to large infrastructures, ship-time, etc. (please specify)
Sub-contracts for technicians in the field
114000
10000
696000
T O T A L
150000
Estimate of
Funding
CUP-CZ
Jiri
Zahradnik
GACR
(CZ)
€
70000
40000
20000
21000
4000
31000
5000
191000
Estimate of
Funding
UE-PT
Mourad
Bezzeghoud
FCT (PT)
€
30000
50000
40000
24000
21000
4000
34000
5000
208000
Estimate of
Funding
ETHZ-CH
Hans
Kahle
SNF (CH)
€
150000
21000
4000
51000
5000
60000
20000
311000
Estimate of
TOTAL
Funding
€
165000
380000
60000
150000
10000
80000
36000
134000
114000
22000
230000
25000
1406000
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