LAB Reference Ranges1
Hematocrit (HCT)
Hemoglobin (HGB)
Female
37-47%
Male
42-52%
Female
12.0-16.0 g/dL
Male
14.0-18.0 g/dL
The % of RBC’s in the total blood volume
Total amount of HGB in the peripheral blood
Platelet Count
150-400/mm³
The actual # of platelets per cubic milliliter of blood
Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
60-70 seconds
To assess the common pathway of clot formation
Prothrombin Time (PT)
11.0-12.5 sec
Measures the clotting ability of Factors I,II,V,VII,X
RBC Count
Male
4.2-5.4 mill/mm³ # of circulating red blood cells in 1 mm³ of peripheral
4.7-6.1 mill/mm³ venous blood.
MCV
80-95 µm³
Size of RBC’s
MCH
27 - 31 pg
Weight of RBC’s
MCHC
32-36 g/dL
Hemoglobin concentration of RBC’s
Reticulocyte Count
0.5% to 2%
To determine bone marrow function & EPO activity
Sedimentation Rate (ESR)
0-15 mm/hr
The time RBC’s descend in normal saline in 1 hour
Fibrin degradation products (FDP’s)
<10 µg/ml
Indication of the activity of the fibrinolytic system
Bleeding Time (Ivy method)
1.0-9.0 min
Evaluates the vascular and platelet factors associated
with hemostasis
Fibrinogen
200-400 mg/dL Used to aid in the diagnosis of bleeding disorders
RBC Indices
Female
White blood cell count (WBC) leukocytes 5.0-10.0 x109/L # of WBC’s in 1 mm³ of peripheral venous blood
Type
Differential
Eosinophil
Lymphocyte
%’s
1-4%
Involved with allergic reactions
20-40%
Involved with cellular-type immune reactions
Monocyte
2-8%
Phagocytic cells capable of fighting bacteria
Neutrophil
55-70%
Bands
Basophils
Kill and digest bacterial microorganisms
3-5%
Immature forms of neutrophils
0.5-1.0%
Involved with allergic reactions
* Values differ from Lab to Lab
Calculation of Absolute Neutrophil Count (to determine a patients risk for infection)
______________________________________________________________________________
The Absolute Neutrophil count (ANC) is calculated as follows:
ANC = (%neutrophils + % bands) x white blood cell (WBC) count
100
The example shows how to calculate the ANC:
Neutrophils = 50%, bands = 8%, WBC = 4000
ANC =
(50% + 8%) x 4000
100
ANC = (.50 + .08) x 4000
ANC = 2320
1
INFECTION RISK
Not Significant
Minimal
Moderate
Severe
Lab values from Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, 3 rd Edition, 1997.
ANC = 1500-2000
ANC = 1000-1500
ANC = 500-1000
ANC = <500
LAB Reference Ranges (cont)2
Albumin
Bilirubin
3.5-5.0 g/dL
0.1-0.3 mg/dL
0.1-1.0 mg/dL
Direct
Total
Calcium (Ca++)
9.0-10.5 mg/dL
Chloride (Cl)
Cholesterol, Total
NCEP Recommended
Values
90-110 mEq/L
< 200 mg/dL
200-239 mg/dL
> 240 mg/dL
0.6-1.2 mg/dl
0.5-1.1 mg/dl
90-139 ml/min
80-125 ml/min
Creatinine
Creatinine Clearance
Desirable
Borderline High
High
Male
Female
Male
Female
Component of serum protein
RBC’s break down in heme & globin,
heme is catabolized into Bilirubin
Measures calcium metabolism &
parathyroid function
Major extra cellular anion
The main lipid associated with arteriosclerotic vascular diseases.
A catabolic product, which is used in
skeletal muscle contraction.
Measures the glomerular filtration rate.
Values decrease 6.5ml/min/decade of life
10-20 mg/dL
Used to diagnose impaired renal
function (along with Creatinine)
12-300 ng/mL
10-150 ng/mL
Measures available iron stores
Glucose - Fasting
70-105 mg/dL
Measures sugar level in blood. Used
to diagnose many metabolic disorders.
Iron (Serum)
Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC)
Magnesium (Mg++)
Adult
60-190 µg/dL
25-420 µg/dL
1.2-2.0 mEq/L
The quantity of iron bound to transferrin
Potassium (K+)
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
An intracellular element- major cation
Phosphorus (PO4)
3.0-4.5 mg/dL
Phosphate salt (15% in blood) the rest is
combined with Ca within the skeleton
Protein, Total
6.4-8.3 g/dL
Contributes to the osmotic pressure
within the vascular space
Sodium (Na+)
Transferase, Alanine Amino (ALT, SGPT)
Transferase, Aspartate Amino (AST, SGOT)
136-145 mEq/L
8-20 U/L
8-20 U/L
8-38 U/L >45y/o
5-27 U/L <45 y/o
Urea Nitrogen (BUN)
Ferritin
Male
Female
Transpeptidase, Gamma Glutamyl (GGT, GGTP)
A direct measure of transferrin
An intracellular element -binds with
ATP
Sodium balance in the body
Measures liver function (enzyme)
Enzyme ( for heart and liver function)
Biliary enzyme (glutathione
metabolism)
* Values differ from Lab to Lab
NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE COMMON TOXICITY CRITERIA (CTC) GRADING
Toxicity
Grade 1
Grade 2
Grade 3
Grade 4
Leukocytes (total WBC)
WNL
<LLN – 3000mm³
>2000-<3000/mm³
<1000/mm³
Platelets
WNL
<LLN-75000mm³
>50,000-
Hemoglobin
Neutrophils/
granulocytes(ANC/AGC)
Lymphopenia
WNL
WNL
<LLN-10g/dL
>1.5-<2.0 x 109/L
<75,000/mm³
8.0-<10g/dL
>1.0-<1.5 x 109/L
WNL
<LLN-1.0 x109/L
>0.5-<1.0 x 109/L
>1000<2000/mm³
>10,000>50,000/mm³
6.5 -<8.0g/dL
>0.5-<1.0 x
109/L
<0.5 x 109/L
2
Grade 0
Lab values from Mosby’s Diagnostic and Laboratory Test Reference, 3rd Edition, 1997.
<10,000/mm³
<6.5g/dL
<0.5 x 109/L
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