Profs. A. Umran Dogan1,2 and Meral Dogan 3,2
Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Department
University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
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Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research (CGRER)
University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
3
Geological Engineering Department
Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara, Turkey.
E-mail: umran-dogan@uiowa.edu
E-mail: mmoroydogan@gmail.com
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2. Medical Mineralogy:
Quantitative Aspects of Hazardous Minerals in Air and Tissue Samples
Saturday, August 24, 2013
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Part-A
I. Definition of Hazardous Minerals
(i) Erionite in endemic regions,
(ii) Regulatory asbestos,
(iii) Non-regulatory asbestos;
II. Pathogenecity and Carcinogenecity of
(i) Biopersistence,
(ii) Particle size and shape,
(iii) Surface chemical composition,
(iv) Reactivity variation on the surface of particles;
III. Animal and Human Data
(i) In-vitro tests,
(ii) In-vivo tests;
IV. Discussion
Part-B
I. Identification of Fine Particles
(i) Light Microscopy,
(ii) Electron Microscopy,
(iii) Other techniques;
II. Quantitative Mineral Characterizations
(i) Balance error (E%) for erionite series minerals,
(ii) Mg test,
(iii) Speciation;
III. “Positive” Identification by Electron Microscopy (EM) & X-Ray Microanalysis
IV. Electron Production
(i) Thermionic Emission,
(ii) Field Emission;
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V. Electron-Specimen Interaction
(i) Auger Electron Microscopy,
(ii) Scanning Electron Microscopy,
(iii) Backscattered Electron Microscopy,
(iv) Cathodoluminescence,
(v) Transmission Electron Microscopy,
(vi) Electron Diffraction,
(vii) Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy or Wavelength Dispersive Spectroscopy (=Electron Probe
Microanalysis);
VI. Image Formation
(i) Resolution,
(ii) Magnification,
(iii) Astigmatism,
(iv) Spherical and Chromatic Aberrations,
(v) Depth of Field vs. Working Distance;
VII. Problems Associated with Electron Images
(i) Conductivity Requirement/Charging/Coating/Excess Coating,
(ii) Distortion,
(iii) Digital Image;
Part-C
EDS X-Ray Microanalysis
(i) Qualitative X-Ray Microanalysis,
(ii) Semi-Quantitative X-Ray Microanalysis,
(i) Quantitative X-Ray Microanalysis;
Part-D
Quantitative Mineral Characterization Using SEM-EDS or TEM-EDS or EPMA Results
Examples will include applications of balance error (E%) and Mg-content tests as well as speciations for
zeolite group minerals.
This course will be helpful for interdisciplinary researchers who would like to understand the
quantitative aspects of mineral characterization, specifically health hazard minerals.
Profs. A. Umran and Meral Dogan’s expertise include quantitative characterization of minerals,
specifically erionite species and asbestos group minerals, and clay minerals as well as volcanics and
volcanoclastics using optical, electron microscopy and x-ray microanalysis, and electron and x-ray
diffraction techniques. Together they published over 30 high impact factor ISI papers, encyclopedia and
book chapters in these subjects.
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