HUUQr
UNICEF – Myanmar
Terms of Reference (TOR) for Individual Contract (International)
For a WASH Post Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) & Recovery Expert
Requesting Section: Young Child Survival and Development (YCSD) – WASH
Background
In late July and early August of 2015 cyclone Komen resulted in heavy rainfall over large parts of Myanmar, causing widespread
floods and landslides. According to the Government’s Emergency Operations Centre, as of 11 August, at least 103 people have
been killed and around 1.1 million have been affected across the country, among them an estimated 390,000 children. The
number of affected people reported is still increasing as flood waters move downstream inundating new areas in Bago and
Ayeyarwaddy regions, and with continued rainfall and consequent flooding expected in coming weeks. Some of the most
vulnerable people in the country, accounting for 49% of the nation’s poor, live in the six most affected states and regions: Chin,
Rakhine, Sagaing, Bago, Ayeyarwady and Magway. More than 1 million acres of cultivated land were affected leading to
destruction of crops, affecting the livelihoods of rural populations. These numbers and the damage to infrastructure and housing
are subject to further revision and assessments. In many parts of the country the water levels have started to recede thus
enabling restoration of livelihoods and transition from lifesaving relief operations to early recovery and subsequent rehabilitation.
Therefore the transition from humanitarian to early recovery phase of the national response is to commence with immediate
effect and to transpire over the course of next 3 months, paving way for long-term recovery and rehabilitation. The reestablishment of access to key basic services, including health, nutrition, water and sanitation, education and psychosocial
support services, will be key to ensuring the long-term recovery of affected men, women, boys and girls. These efforts will
proceed under the leadership and direction of the Government of Myanmar with support from private sector, civil society and
community groups and in partnership with the international community. At the same time, the current rainy season will last until
the end of October 2015, which requires retaining immediate response capacity in case of weather-induced disasters in the near
future.
Under the direction of the National Disaster Management Committee (NDMC) and the newly created Emergency Operations
Centre (EOC), the Government of Myanmar immediately responded to the natural disaster, coupled with visible spontaneous
support from civil society and community-based organizations. Targeting the 6 worse affected states and regions, multi-sectoral
initial rapid assessments (MIRA) are underway with preliminary findings indicating the following priority needs: food security,
WASH, livelihoods and shelter. Key infrastructure has been damaged throughout affected areas, including water and sanitation
facilities, schools, health centres, outpatient treatment centres for nutrition. These services need to be re-established as early as
possible at all levels in flood-affected areas. Early recovery activities already identified for the WASH sector include community
water point cleaning and rehabilitation and prioritizing water and sanitation facilities in public institutions (schools and health
centers) for urgent repair. However, more comprehensive support is anticipated to inform government-led recovery plans at
multiple levels. While the Government issued a preliminary response plan (August 12), it has requested support from the
international community to support recovery and rehabilitation. With UNDP leading this effort, it is anticipated that a post
disaster needs assessment (PDNA) will be undertaken in the next 1-2 months to inform comprehensive recovery and
rehabilitation planning, strategies and activities. The road to recovery will require Government’s continued leadership and broad
societal support, while mitigating the following key constraints:
(a) Unlike other natural disasters in Myanmar’s recent history, the present floods are not confined to one geographic area
as there has been widespread impact across the country. Effective transition from relief to recovery will therefore
require tight collaboration between the Union, State and Regional governments and local administrations, with all
assistance being aligned behind the Government’s recovery plans and agreed priorities;
(b) The sheer geographic spread of the floods and remoteness of some affected areas make impact assessment
logistically complicated and time consuming.
(c) Uncoordinated action may lead to oversupply of assistance in some areas contrasted with deficits in others.
(d) Funding is a constraint even at the relief stage and if recovery operations are underfunded by the Government and its
key donors, then a large part of Myanmar’s population will not have their livelihoods fully restored and problems of
infrastructure and social service disruptions will reduce communities’ resilience to face similar natural calamities in
future.
To support the WASH component of recovery planning and response, a consultant is being sought to provide technical
expertise and guidance to conduct a WASH sector PDNA and recovery plan in order to optimally restore water, sanitation and
hygiene services in flood affected areas, whilst building resiliency (in case of future similar natural disasters). The assessment
will focus on the disaster areas and examine the damage to physical assets of WASH facilities mainly in the communities and
institutions (schools, health facilities, etc) and the immediate repair and rehabilitation necessary. Where possible, it will also
consider how the response to the current situation can improve the natural and built environment for citizens, and how the
impact of future natural disasters can be minimised. It will build on initial and detailed sector damage assessments undertaken
by the clusters established by the Government of Myanmar with support from partners. Finally, the assessment should provide
credible estimates of the cost of damage and loss in the most affected WASH infrastructure and provide the basis for prioritizing
recovery and reconstruction needs that will be developed in more detail later on.
When undertaking the PDNA for the WASH sector, the following guiding principles should be employed:
1






WASH PDNA will use / adapt the commonly agreed PDNA guidelines, methodologies and tools (Volume B and Volume
B – WASH sector specific)
It has been designed to be simple and helpful to both the Government and affected population and not create
additional burden for the teams on the ground
It will build on the Government’s work and assessments currently being undertaken
To the extent possible, differentiated impacts on children, women and men will be assessed and accordingly
addressed in the recovery strategy/plan
It will largely be an exercise in collecting and collating existing work in order to consolidate and identify the need to
collect additional data where key gaps have been identified
The assessment will provide credible estimates and figures.
The process will result in a government-owned report and framework that guides national recovery and rehabilitation by the
WASH sector. It will reference other assessments that have been undertaken (included as annexes, where applicable) and
provide: (i) a cost assessment of the damage and loss in the affected WASH sector, (ii) a socio-economic analysis of the
impacts of the disaster, (iii) a summary of priority recovery and reconstruction needs, short medium and long term; iv) a long
term strategy to reduce disaster risks and promote resilience.
The assessment will use the PDNA methodology jointly developed by the European Union, World Bank and UN system or adapt
it in consultation with government partners. The methodology should include an analysis of pre-disaster baseline data to
compare with post-disaster conditions in order to assess the disaster impact and to determine the overall rehabilitation and
recovery strategy. It should combine quantitative data with qualitative information to analyse and to assess the social and
economic impact of the disaster from the community level to the national level., making use of data from existing sources on:

Damage from reports and records provided by the government, relevant agencies

Damage information gleaned from maps, records and media reports

Impacts from primary sources on community needs gathered from assessments and focus group discussions
Finally, the PDNA should be sensitive to and integrate issues such as gender and disaster risk reduction as relevant. The PDNA
sector assessment guidelines can be downloaded from http://gfdrr.org/recoveryframework. Coordination and oversight will be
provided through the Central Agencies working group/coordination committee, chaired by the Department of Rural Development
and comprising representation of line ministries, UN agencies and development partners.
The consultant will ensure inputs are collated and submitted as part of the overall PDNA report on the needs for WASH in close
collaboration with other members of the assessment team and relevant counterparts. In addition, on an ongoing basis, as
needed throughout the consultancy period, the consultant will provide recommendations to inform relevant government-led
recovery and longer term strategic planning processes underway.
2. Purpose of Assignment:
With focus on Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), this PDNA aims to assess the impact of flood disaster and
assist the government of Myanmar to develop a recovery strategy/plan including its funding implication for restoring
and rehabilitation of WASH infrastructure that is resilient to future disasters.
Specific objectives are:

To assess the impact of the July-August 2015 natural disaster (floods)

To identify priority needs for affected households, communities and institutions (schools and health
facilities) with a particular focus on recovery and rehabilitation with indicative costs.

To recommend institutional mechanisms and policy options to be undertaken in support of the recovery
and reconstruction processes and that promote long-term disaster resilience.
It is critical that the process applied is complementary to existing government processes and that the final product
meets national needs. As such, the Department of Rural Development (DRD) will assign one government official
who will be closely working with the international consultant.
3. Programme Area and Specific Project Involved:
The PDN assessment will directly contribute to Result area 103-001-004 – WASH in emergencies output.
4. Reasons why the Assignment cannot be done by a UNICEF Staff Member
The PDNA will require specialized knowledge on data collection, analysis, familiarity with various assessment
methodologies and tools including familiarity with the PDNA guides and tools and therefore external consultant is
required for the assessment. Currently all the WASH team members are fully occupied with the emergency
responses and regular development project activities.
5. Work Assignments and work schedule: Deliverables/End Product (s) and Time Frame
2
UNICEF estimates that the PDNA will be conducted in a short time frame of 6 weeks to enable the Government to start recovery
and reconstruction as soon possible. The consultant may be required to make field visits to sites in affected states and regions
of the damages. A first draft needs to be provided by the end of the on-the-ground assessment.
Activity
A.
Scoping and preparation:
Review/adaptation of the Assessment
Methodology and Tools for Myanmar context
Deliverables

Preparatory work completed,
assessment team members oriented and
assessment plan developed
Data collection tool prepared, translated
in Myanmar language and pilot tested (if
feasible)
Training workshop held with assessment
team
Timeframe
5 days
Prepare draft outline of assessment with timelines

B.
Training and Preparation for Survey: Orient and
train the assessment team on DNA and RF
methodology

C.
Field visits and data collection
Field visit and data collection completed
10 days
D.
WASH Sectoral Assessment, Analysis and Report
preparation:
Analysis of data from the field
Needs assessment and prioritization
Draft report prepared with annexes and
presented to the national government and
UNICEF
5 days
Final report (max 25 pages) to include an
executive summary (in Myanmar and English)
outlining the findings of the assessments and
review & a section on lessons-learnt from the
assessment processes and results
Annexes:
1. Damage and loss cost estimates for
WASH related impacts
2. Short, Medium and long term
rehabilitation and reconstruction needs
3. Socio-economic analysis of impacts
4. Disaster Risk reduction
recommendations
5 days
Participation in sector strategy planning
workshop
3 Cross sectorial ‘one pager’
recommendations developed
5 days


E.



F.
Draft report submission and consultation
Submit draft sector report which includes priority
recovery and reconstruction needs, short medium and
long term
Conduct consultative meeting with the states/regions
to finalize the damage and needs figures, data,
recommendation, etc
Presentation of findings to the Union (national) level
government
Finalization of the report and annexes :
Prepare final report and present to the national
government and key partners
G. Provide other technical guidance and support to
sector recovery planning processes as
appropriate
Total days
30 days
1. 6. Estimated Duration of Assignment:
2. 30 working days (starting August 31, 2015) – approximately 6 weeks
3. 7. Official Travel involved:
4. The most direct and economical route from home country to Myanmar and back home. The consultant needs to be
in-country during the consultancy period, with frequent travel to Nay Pyi Taw. Aside from frequent travel to Nay Pyi
3
Taw, the consultant will have to travel to disaster affected areas for field data collection and stakeholder
consultation.
5. Other conditions:
6. The consultant is expected to work using his/her laptop from home, in UNICEF or partner office as required.
UNICEF will pay domestic travel in Myanmar (to Nay Pi Taw and travel to the field as necessary). DSA will not be
paid in Yangon, only be payable for time spent in the field (according to UN rates). Consultant will make his/her
own arrangements for his/her local transport within Yangon. DSA will be included in the contract. Travel
arrangement will be made by UNICEF and local travel allowance (TA), including road transport and local air fare if
it is applied, will be covered by UNICEF except DSA. During the travel to the field, consultant will use UNICEF
driver/vehicle or a rented car provided by UNICEF.
7. Life and health insurance
8. UNICEF does not provide or arrange life or health insurance coverage for consultants and individual contractors,
and consultants and individual contractors are not eligible to participate in the life or health insurance schemes
available to United Nations staff members. Consultants and individual contractors are fully responsible for
arranging, at their own expense, such life, health and other forms of insurance covering the period of their services
as they consider appropriate. The responsibility of UNICEF is limited solely to the payment of compensation for
service-incurred death, injury or illness as per the provisions detailed below.
9. Insurance for service-incurred death, injury or illness
10. Consultants and individual contractors who are authorized to travel at UNICEF expense or who are required under
their contract to perform services in a UNICEF or United Nations office shall be provided with insurance coverage,
through a UNICEF-retained third party insurance provider, covering death, injury and illness attributable to the
performance of official UNICEF duties. Compensation in the event of service-incurred death, injury or illness shall
be equivalent to amounts stipulated in the agreement between UNICEF and the insurance provider.
11. Ethical principles:
12. Research methods used should be consistent with UNICEF Ethical and Principle Guidelines for the reporting on
children and young people under 18 years old. http://childethics.com
13. Confidentiality:
14. The documents produced during the period of this consultancy will be treated as strictly confidential, and the rights
of distribution and/ or publication will reside solely with UNICEF.
15. The contract signed with the consultant will include other general terms defined by UNICEF.
16.
8. Proposed payment schedule based on deliverable:
The payments are made in 2 instalments as follows:
Ref
Deliverable
Amount (USD) % Payable
1 After signing the contract and delivery of task A and B
30%
3 Completion of all Tasks (C to F) and submission of:
70%
Editable soft copy of final report + annexes in ready to print format
(word/excel format)
2 hard copies.
12. Qualifications or Specialized Knowledge /Experience Required
1. Education
 Advanced university degree in one of the disciplines relevant to the following areas: Public Health, Social
Science, Economics, Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Geology, Hydrology, Sanitation
Engineering, or a field relevant to international WASH related development assistance.
 Additional training in Post Disaster Needs Assessment, an asset.
2. Work Experience
4





Eight years of progressively responsible professional work experience in the UN or other international
development organization, national government or the private sector.
Demonstrated experience with undertaking WASH sector recovery assessments, data collection and
analysis
Familiarity with PDNA tools and guidelines is required.
Familiar with the current emergency preparedness and response and disaster risk reduction trends, issues
and challenges
Field work experience and working experience in Myanmar and/or the region is preferred
3. Language Proficiency
 Fluency in English and another UN language
13. Contract Supervisor
UNICEF Supervisor: WASH Specialist (international)
14. Type of Supervision that will be provided:
Supervisor will work with the Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rural Development and provide general directions
during implementation.
The consultant will maintain regular contact with the UNICEF Regional Office (EAPRO) Regional Emergency
WASH Specialist for guidance and support as required.
15. Consultant’s Work Place:
The selected consultant will be based at UNICEF office in Yangon and make frequent visits to the Ministries mainly
Department of Rural Development (DRD) of Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries and Rural Development, Department of
Health of Ministry of Health and Department of Basic Education of Ministry of Education in Nay Pyi Taw.
 Office Space: Yes . Possible to use the office space in Yangon as and when needed.
 Computer: Consultant will use his/her own computer.
16. Nature of “Penalty Clause” to be Stipulated in Contract:
UNICEF Myanmar reserves the right not to pay the Contractor or withhold part of the payable amount if one or
more requirements established for this assignment is not met or deadline set for the accomplishment of the tasks is
missed.
5