Study Guide
Chapter 1
Terminology
Neuron, dichotomous traits, dominant trait, recessive trait, phenotype, genotype, gene, alleles,
homozygous, heterozygous, chromosome, gametes, meiosis, zygote, mitosis, sex chromosomes,
sex-linked traits, nucleotide bases, identical twins, fraternal twins,
Identify the relationship between Biopsychology with the following disciplines:
Neuroscience Field
Neuroanatomy
Neurochemistry
Neuroendocrinology
Neuropathology
Neuropharmacology
Neurophysiology
Relationship to Biopsychology
The structure of the brain is related to behavior. Examples
include
brain size and cognition (although not always proportional),
cerebral convolutions and cognition, and areas of brain and
cognition.
Chapter 2
KEY TERMS (page numbers in Pinel text)
afferent nerves (p. 37), amygdala (p. 56), anterior (p. 48), astrocytes (p. 45), autonomic
nervous system (ANS) (p. 37), basal ganglia (p. 56), bipolar neuron (p. 43), blood–brain
barrier (p. 40), central nervous system (CNS) (p. 37), cerebellum (p. 52), cerebral cortex
(p. 54), cerebral ventricles (p. 39), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) (p. 39), contralateral (p.
54), corpus callosum (p. 55), cranial nerves (p. 38), diencephalon (p. 53), efferent
nerves (p. 37), frontal lobe (p. 55), ganglia (p. 44), glial cells (p. 44), hippocampus (p.
56), hypothalamus (p. 53), inferior colliculi (p. 53), interneurons (p. 43), limbic system (p.
56), medulla (p. 51), meninges (p. 39), mesencephalon (p. 53), metencephalon (p. 52),
microglia (p. 45), multipolar neuron (p. 43), myelencephalon (p. 51), neocortex (p. 55),
nerves (p. 44), nuclei (p. 44), occipital lobe (p. 55), oligodendrocytes (p. 44),
parasympathetic nerves (p. 38), parietal lobe (p. 55), peripheral nervous system (PNS)
(p. 37), pituitary gland (p. 54), peripheral nervous system (PNS) (p. 37), pons (p. 52),
posterior (p. 48), putamen (p. 57), reticular formation (p. 51), Schwann cells (p. 44),
somatic nervous system (SNS) (p. 37), striatum (p. 57), substantia nigra (p. 53),
superior (p. 48), superior colliculi (p. 53), sympathetic nerves (p. 38), tectum (p. 53),
tegmentum (p. 53), telencephalon (p. 54), temporal lobe (p. 55), thalamus (p. 53), tracts
(p.44), unipolar neurons (p. 43), ventral (p. 48), ventral horns (p. 49)
Know the general layout of the nervous system with different divisions
Name the three protective layers of the brain
What is the blood-brain barrier?
What is the anatomy of the neuron and the function of each component?
What are the four classes of Neurons?
Know the different types of Glial Cell and their function
Know the five divisions of the brain and what structure falls under each division
 Myelencephalon (medulla): reticular formation, brain stem
 Metencephalon: reticular formation, pons, cerebellum
 Mesencephalon: tectum (inferior and superior colliculi), tegmentum (substantia
nigra)
 Diencephalon: thalamus, hypothalamus
 Telencephalon: cerebral cortex (know the four lobes), corpus callosum,
hippocampus, limbic system (amygdala), basal ganglia
Know the function of the different parts of the brain
Chapter 3
KEY TERMS (page numbers in Pinel text)
absolute refractory period (p. 72), acetylcholine (p. 81), action potential (AP) (p 69),
agonists (p. 85), all-or-none response (p. 69), amino acids (p. 79), antagonists (p. 85),
aspartate (p. 79), axon hillock (p. 69), Botox (p. 88), catecholamines (p. 80), curare (p.
87), depolarize (p. 68), dopamine (p. 79), endorphins (p. 81), epinephrine (p. 79),
excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) (p. 68), exocytosis (p. 75), gamma-butyric
acid (GABA) (p. 79), glutamate (p. 79), glycine (p. 79), hyperpolarize (p. 68),
indolamines (p. 80), inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) (p. 68), ion channels (p.
66), ions (p. 66), membrane potential (p. 66), metabotropic receptors (p. 77),
microelectrodes (p. 66), neuromuscular junctions (p. 88), neuropeptides (p. 79),
neurotoxins (p. 89), nitric oxide (p. 80), nodes of Ranvier (p. 73), nondirected synapses
(p. 74), norepinephrine (p. 79), peptides (p. 75), receptors (p. 76), relative refractory
period (p. 72), resting potential (p. 66), reuptake (p. 78), second messenger (p. 77),
serotonin (p. 80), sodium-potassium pumps (p. 66), soluble gases (p. 80), spatial
summation (p. 69), synaptic vesicles (p. 75), temporal summation (p. 69), threshold of
excitation (p. 69)
What is the resting potential?
The ionic basis of resting potential and the distribution
What is the millivolt of resting potential and action potential?
Know the different types of neurotransmitters and their function. Excitatory or Inhibitory
or both