Friday May 23th 2014 – Wikispaces ISU – Raji Rajalingam
How do we know if we are dealing with an ACID or BASE???
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The answer is easy we look at the magical table, to identify if the substance is an acid or a base.
Taste: (never taste chemicals)
Feel: (slippery or not slippery)
PH Levels
Litmus Paper
Phenolphthalein
Bromothymol
When Magnesium added
When Baking Soda added
What does it neutralize
Base: (NaOH) (aq)
Bitter
Slippery
Greater Than 7
Red Turns Into Blue
Will Turn PINK
Will Turn BLUE
No Reaction
No Reaction
Bases Neutralize Acids
Acid: (HCl) (aq)
Sours
Not Slippery
Less Than 7
Blue Turns Into Red
Will Turn Clear
Will Turn Yellow
Bubbles Start to Form
Bubbles Start to Form
Acids Neutralize Bases
Examples of Bases: Blood, Baking Soda, Ammonia, Soap, Egg whites
Examples of Acids: Milk, Soda, Vinegar, Orange Juice, Acid Rain
Examples of Neutrals: Water
Properties of Acids:
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They are Sour
They Conduct Electricity
Can be strong or weak electrolytes in aq solutions
Form H2 When reacted with metals ( We hear the pop noise in many experiments)
Example: Mg(s) + 2 HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
Produce Water and Salt when it reacts with Base
When they react with carbonates, bicarbonates, produce Salt, Water and Carbon Dioxide
Example: CaCO3(s) + 2 HCl (aq) → CaCl2 (aq) + CO2 (g) + H2O (l)
Produces H+ in aq solution
You know it’s an Acid when it starts with H eg. HCl, H2So4,
Properties of Bases:
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Reacts with Acids to Form Water and Salt
Form OH- in aq solution
Bases React with Carbon Dioxide to produce carbonate and water
Example: Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)
In solution can be strong or weak electrolytes
Bases have a PH of more than 7
Chalky Taste
ACID & BASE THEROIES:
1. Arrhenius Definition- 1887
 What did he come up with?
o Acids produce H+ In aq solutions
o Bases produce OH- In aq solutions
 What was wrong with his theory?
o Only Limited to Aq solutions
o States that bases have to have “OH- In aq solutions”, by using this NH3 is not a base, even
though in modern times we know it is a base
o States that all compounds with Hydrogen are acids, didn’t take in account of water (H20)
which is neutral.
o Not all hydrogen in acids must be released as ions only those with very polar bonds are
ionziable
 What does the Revised Arrhenius Theory Include?
o Collision with water molecules
o The nature of hydrogen ions
What did we learn in Class Today?
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Properties of Acids
Properties of Bases
Identifying If Acid or Base (With Examples)
Who Arrhenius was, and What his Theory Was
Homework:
 Finish The Fill in the Blanks for Acid and Bases (H1 and H2)
 Textbook Questions Pg. 475 #1-12
 Read 10.1 and 10.2 (Pg. 164-174)
Extra Help Links:
http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_acidbase.html
http://www.chemtutor.com/acid.htm
http://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Chemistry/1/Acids-and-Bases/58
More Practice for Acids and Bases:
 http://misterguch.brinkster.net/namingacidsandbases.pdf
 http://www.chem4kids.com/extras/quiz_reactacidbase/index.html
Still Stuck, Don’t Worry Watch These Helpful Video’s:
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xeuyc55LqiY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MSK1IRaqF24