Objectives
1. Human Chromosomes
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Define and describe what a chromosome is and how they
affect the human genome
2. Chromosomes
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3. Chromosomal Disorders
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4. Alleles: Dominance and

recessive and codominance

Match chromosomes to their partners
Explain which chromosomes do what in the body and
differentiate between autosomes and sex chromosomes.
Differentiate between haploid and diplod cells
Research and report on chromosomal disorders
Apply what implications these disorders have on the life of
those affected
Interpret what dominance, codominance and recessive
mean in the human genome
Report which gene will express itself based on these
findings
Draw their own punnent square and apply knowledge of
dominance and recessive phenotypes and genotypes
Demonstrate their knowledge of dominance and
understand what each symbol means
Draw their own pedigree
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5. Pedigree Charts with

environmental influence
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6. Blood types and groups

7. Human Genome Project
8. Human DNA analysis
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9. Genetic disorders
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10. Gene Therapy
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11. Ethics

12. Issues in biology section


Classify the different types of blood and why they work
they way they do
Apply their knowledge to their own blood type
List those involved in the project
Explain why this project is important
Predict what implications this project may have
Demonstrate that they know and understand how this
analysis is done
Understand part of DNA that were used in finding and
analyzing the genetic code such as introns, exons,
promoters, and codons
Demonstrate how this research is done
Write how this might help people in their everyday lives
Research and report on genetic disorders
Apply what implications these disorders have on the life of
those affected
Explain the different types of gene therapy
Predict how this ability might become controversial
Debate one side of this argument or whether or not we
should apply our knowledge
Examine the reasoning behind both sides of the ethics
argument
Outline the costs and benefits of these discoveries
Point out the many ways this technology is now used in
our lives
The Human Genome
Unit Exam
Please answer the following questions as best as you can. Select the best answer for each or fill in
the blank to complete the sentence. For the essay questions, write as much as you need to in order to
answer the question. For true false questions, if false, correct the statement.
1. Humans without chromosomal defects have this many chromosomes.
a. 43
b. 46
c. 64
d. 44
2. Traits can be influenced by other factors besides just genes and environmental factors. These
factors can specifically include:
a. Diet and exercise
b. Location of where one lives
c. Culture
d. All of the above
3. If a person is blood type A he/she has a(n) ___ antigen on his/her red blood cells.
a. A
b. B
c. A and B
d. No antigen
4. What is the human genome project?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A project where humans have analyzed the human DNA sequence.
A project where investigators sequenced the genomes of fruit flies and yeast
An ongoing effort headed by Dr. Collins and Dr. Venter
All of the above
5. The cell compensates the extra X chromosome in female calls by randomly inactivating one X
chromosome. This chromosome is called a:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Golgi body
X Body
Barr Body
Extra body
6. One way to find DNA used in the Human Genome project was to find DNA sequences known
as_________________.
a. Demolitions
b. Promoters
c. Intron
d. Exon
7. The most common form of trisomy occurs on chromosome 21. If this happens, the disorder is
called:
a. Klinefelter’s syndrome
b. Down Syndrome
c. Tay sachs
d. Karyotype
8. ALS (aka Lou Gehrig disease) is located on which chromosome?
a.
b.
c.
d.
19
20
21
22
9. A diploid zygote is also known as what?
a. A chromosome
b. A fertilized egg
c. Sperm
d. Two haploids
10. If you are phenotype O blood type and give blood at a donation center, what blood type is it
safe to give a transfusion to?
a. A
b. AB
c. O
d. B
e. All of the above
11. Identify the disease by the symptoms presented.
Patient A is a newborn that has been put on a low phenylalanine diet. This diet is intended to
prevent accumulation of phenylalanine in tissues as well as abnormal skin pigment and mental
retardation. What disorder is caused by this recessive allele?
a. Albinism
b. Achondroplasia
c. Hypercholesterolemia
d. PKU or Phenylketonuria
12. Which sex chromosome is essential for survival and embryo development?
a.
b.
c.
d.
X
Y
Z
X and Y
13. MrNA coding sequence or _______ are interrupted by introns.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Introns
Exons
Promoters
Stop codons
14. ________ are non coding regions.
a. Introns
b. Exons
c. Promoters
d. Stop codons
15. A picture of chromosomes arranged and grouped together in pairs to be studied by scientists is
called a ____________________.
16. ___________ ______________ are the chromosomes that determine an individual’s sex. The
other 44 chromosomes are termed _____________________.
17. Illustrate the normal two letter chromosomal representation for males___ ___and for
females____ ____.
18. ____________ ______________ is a disease represented by symptoms of excess mucus in the
lungs, digestive tract and liver. Also, it causes an increased susceptibility to disease. This
autosomal disorder is caused by a (circle one) Dominant/Recessive/Codominant allele.
19. ___________ ______________ disease is one that is caused by (circle one)
Dominant/Recessive/Codominant allele. Symptoms include misshapen red blood cells among
others.
20. Other disorders occur on the sex chromosomes. One occurs in females that only inherit one X.
this disorder is called ______________ _______________.
21. In males, nondisjunction causes ______________ _____________ where an extra X
chromosome interferes with meiosis and usually prevents them from reproducing.
22. _________ _______________ can be used to determine whether blood, sperm, or other
material found at a crime scene matches DNA from a suspect.
23. T/F: If you have blood type AB, it is safe to get a transfusion from a person who is type O
24. T/F: Males have one X chromosome so X-Linked alleles are expressed in males, even if they are
recessive.
25. In the space provided, construct a pedigree that shows three generations. This family happens
to have a dominant gene for brown eyes. Include that the parents (male effected female not) in
the first generation have three offspring, one male and two female. In the second generation,
show that the male is affected and has the dominant phenotype of brown eyes. In the third
generation, show that these offspring each have children of their own, a boy and a girl each. In
only the first set of grandchildren, show that both the male and female are affected with brown
eyes.
26. Draw a punnet square in which a female with a homozygous phenotype for short hair mates
with a heterozygous male. If long Hair (S) is dominant, what percent of the offspring will have
long hair?
27. Explain the difference between dominant and recessive genes. Give an example of a dominant
gene and of a recessive gene.
28. Define codominance. What is an example of a disease that is codominant?
29. How might this DNA sequencing affect your life? How might this information evolve in the
future as more and more discoveries are made?
30. How can DNA analysis be used to diagnose disorders? Why is this important?
31. Define nondisjunction. What happens if this occurs during meiosis?
32. Explain Gene Therapy in your own words in two to three sentences.
33. Identify some problems with gene therapy? Either opinion or any unknowns in the field.
34. What are some costs and benefits of gene mapping? Explain your answers completely?
35. What is your stance on information acquired from DNA being submitted to the government?
Support your reasoning with research used from your debate.