 Aquatic Biomes Chapter 10 and 11 (pgs 154 – 181)
Chapter 10 Vocabulary
1. Benthic zone:_______________________________________________________________________________
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2. Photic zone:________________________________________________________________________________
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3. Phytoplankton:_____________________________________________________________________________
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4. Salinity:___________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Sediment:_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Wetland:__________________________________________________________________________________
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7. Zooplankton:_______________________________________________________________________________
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 CHAPTER 10: FRESHWATER BIOMES
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10.1 AQUATIC BIOMES
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Water _________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Aquatic habitat: _________________________________________________________________
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Most important factors:
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1. ______________________________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________________________
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Salinity
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Salinity: _______________________________________________________________________
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Allows us to divide water into 2 groups:
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1. ______________________________________________________________________
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2. ______________________________________________________________________
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Brackish water-___________________________________________________________
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Depth
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Directly ________________________________________________________________________
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Sunlight _______________________________________________________________________
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Bodies ________________________________________________________________________:
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
Photic Zone: ____________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Aphotic Zone: ___________________________________________________________________
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Benthic Zone: ___________________________________________________________________
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CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. What characteristic distinguishes the photic zone from the aphotic zone?
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2. How is salinity determined and measured?
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3. Suppose a friend wants to set up an aquarium and discovers that saltwater fish are more
attractive, but a freshwater aquarium is easier to maintain. Your friend decides to set up a
freshwater aquarium, but buys some saltwater fish to place in it. Predict what the result of this
decision would be and why.
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______________________________________________________________________________
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
10.2 STANDING-WATER ECOSYSTEMS
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Freshwater biomes:
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1. ______________________________________________________________________
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_________________________________________________________________
2. ______________________________________________________________________
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Lake
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Deepest _______________________________________________________________________
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Main producers: ________________________________________________________________
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Pond
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Light __________________________________________________________________________
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Main producers:_________________________________________________________________
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Marsh
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Very __________________________________________________________________________
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Plants: ________________________________________________________________________
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Swamp
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Poor __________________________________________________________________________
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Large _________________________________________________________________________
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Bog
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Inland ________________________________________________________________________
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Sphagnum _____________________________________________________________________
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Standing-Water Organisms
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Upper level of water.
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
Plankton: ________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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1. Phytoplankton: __________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
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2. Zooplankton: ____________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
Benthic level
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________________________________________________________________________
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Food chain: ____________________________________________________________________
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Wetlands
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Wetlands: _____________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Examples: _______________________________________________________________
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Soil ____________________________________________________________________
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Water __________________________________________________________________
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Detoxify _______________________________________________________________________
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Breeding, ______________________________________________________________________
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Flood _________________________________________________________________________
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Refill __________________________________________________________________________
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Human Activity
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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The Florida Everglades
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Used __________________________________________________________________________
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Maximum ______________________________________________________________________
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Wet __________________________________________________________________________
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Much _________________________________________________________________________
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CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. Where would you be likely to find benthic organisms in an aquatic ecosystem?
______________________________________________________________________________
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2. What is the difference between the role of phytoplankton and the role of zooplankton in an
aquatic food web?
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
10.3 FLOWING-WATER ECOSYSTEMS
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Stream Organisms
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Adapted _______________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Stream Flow
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Flow __________________________________________________________________________
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Source ________________________________________________________________________
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Headwater- ______________________________________________________________
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Sediments: ______________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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Accumulate ______________________________________________________________
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Slow ___________________________________________________________________
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Cause __________________________________________________________________
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. What condition encourages sediments to settle out of the flowing water in a stream?
______________________________________________________________________________
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2. Why are there fewer organisms in the headwater of a stream than further downstream?
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 CHAPTER 11: THE MARINE BIOME
 Chapter 11 Vocabulary
 1. Continental Shelf:______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
 2. Detritus:______________________________________________________________________
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 3. Estuary:_______________________________________________________________________
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 4. Intertidal zone:_________________________________________________________________
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 5. Neritic zone:___________________________________________________________________
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 6. Oceanic zone:__________________________________________________________________
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 7. Reef:_________________________________________________________________________
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 8. Subsidence:___________________________________________________________________
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11.1 THE WORLD OCEAN
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The ___________________________________________________________________________
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All ____________________________________________________________________________
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Zones based on ________________________:
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________________________________________________________________________
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Zones based on _______________________________________________:
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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The Oceanic Zone
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Oceanic Zone: __________________________________________________________________
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500 – 11,000 ___________________________________________________________________
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Not ___________________________________________________________________________
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Photic Zone
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________________________________________________________________________
Aphotic Zone
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________________________________________________________________________
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Detritus: ________________________________________________________________
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Ocean Water
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Near equator
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Near poles
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________________________________________________________________________
Ocean currents: _________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. What is detritus made of, and why is it important to deep sea organisms?
______________________________________________________________________________
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2. Why does the oceanic zone have no plants? What are the producers of the open ocean?
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11.2 NERITIC ZONES
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Continental Shelf: _______________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Neritic Zone: ___________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________
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_______________________________________________________________________
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Coral Reefs
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Reef: _________________________________________________________________________
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Made _________________________________________________________________________
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In ____________________________________________________________________________
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Breeding _______________________________________________________________________
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Protect ________________________________________________________________________
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VERY __________________________________________________________________________
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Reef made of:
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Humans harm reefs:
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Estuaries
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Estuary: _______________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
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Neritic Zone Productivity
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Factors:


________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. Where in the ocean does the neritic zone begin and end?
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2. Some types of ecosystems recover from damage more quickly than others. Would you expect
coral reefs to recover quickly from the types of damage described in this section? Why or why
not?
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
11.3 INTERTIDAL ZONES
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Intertidal zone: _________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
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Organisms _____________________________________________________________________
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______________________________________________________________________________
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Salt Marshes
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Flat, __________________________________________________________________________
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Influenced _____________________________________________________________________
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Support _______________________________________________________________________
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Support _______________________________________________________________________
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Form _________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Subsidence: ______________________________________________________________
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Mangrove Swamps
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Coastal ________________________________________________________________________
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Mangrove-_____________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
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Very __________________________________________________________________________
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CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING:
1. Why are salt marshes considered part of the intertidal zone?
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