Road Map – Chemistry and Macromolecules
Section 2.3 – Carbon Compounds
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Read
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What are the structures and functions of each group of organic
compounds?
Sections…
The Chemistry of Carbon
Macromolecules
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
Proteins
Section 2.4 – Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
1.
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3.
Read
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What happens to chemical bonds during chemical reactions?
How do energy changes affect whether a chemical reaction occurs?
Why are enzymes important to living things?
Sections…
Chemical Reactions
Energy in Reactions
Enzymes
Enzyme Action
Vocabulary
1.
atom:
2. nucleus:
the basic unit of matter; smallest piece of an
element that has all of the properties of the
element
center of an atom; contains the protons and
neutrons
3. electron:
negatively charged subatomic particle, orbits
the nucleus in shells
4. element:
substance consisting of entirely one type of
atom
5. compound:
substance formed by combining two or more
elements
6. ionic bond:
bond formed when a positive ion is attracted
to a negative ion
7. ion:
an atom that has an overall charge because it
has gained or lost electrons
8. covalent bond:
bond formed when 2 atoms share electrons
9. molecule:
smallest unit of most compounds
10. monomer:
small unit that can join to other units to form
a polymer
11. polymer:
large compound formed from the linking
together of many monomers
12. carbohydrate:
macromolecule made of C, H, and O in a 1:2:1
ratio; major source of energy for the human
body
13. monosaccharide:
single unit of sugar
14. lipid:
macromolecule composed mainly of C, H, and O.
Includes fats, oils, and waxes
15. nucleic acid:
macromolecule that contains the genetic
information of an organism
16. nucleotide:
the smallest piece(monomer) of a nucleic acid
17. protein:
macromolecule that contains C, H, O, and N.
and that makes up most of your body, also
needed by the body for growth and repair and
to make enzymes
18. amino acid:
monomer that can be linked together to form
proteins
19. chemical reaction:
process that changes one set of chemicals into
another
20. reactant:
element or compound that enters into a
chemical reaction
21. product:
element or compound that is produced by a
chemical reaction
22. activation energy:
energy required to get a chemical reaction
started
23. catalyst:
substance that speeds up the rate of a
chemical reaction
protein that acts as a biological catalyst
substrate reactant of an enzyme catalyzed
reaction
24. enzyme: