Study Guide: Biology Benchmark Third Nine Weeks
1.
If two organisms belong to the same order then they must also belong to the same ______________.
Class
2.
Which organisms are more closely related?
Organisms in the same genus with different species names
3.
What factors affect the rate of photosynthesis?
Amount of CO2
Availability of water
level of light intensity
4.
What does an aerobic process require?
Oxygen
5.
Which kingdom of life displays the following characteristics?
multicellular
eukaryotic
autotrophic
lacks chlorophyll
Kingdom Fungi
(example: mushrooms)
6.
Viruses are not alive because they cannot________.
Reproduce without a host cell and use that host cell to reproduce
7.
Organisms from this kingdom live in extremely harsh environments with excessive temperatures or no oxygen Kingdom
Archaebacteria
8.
Give an example of mutualism
Two organisms living together and both benefit
9.
If an organism lives with another and harms that organism while it benefits then it could be called
Parasitism (symbiosis)
10. Discuss the consequences of removing trees from our biomes
1. photosynthesis is decreased
2. the carbon cycle is hindered
3. the amount of O2 is decreased
4. the amount of CO2 used is decreased
11. Why would organisms compete?
For mates or habitats if they have the same role (niche) in a food web
12. By knowing what an organism eats you will be able to determine its _______.
niche
13. Identify the major characteristics of kingdom Plantae
cell wall
chloroplasts
multicellular
eukaryotic
14. Identify the major characteristics of kingdom Animalia
eukaryotic
multicellular
mobility
heterotrophic
lack chloroplasts and cell walls
15. Describe the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis uses CO2 to produce sugars and O2
16. How do you write the scientific name of an organism?
Genus species
Example: Apis Mellifera
17. Distinguish primary and secondary consumers
Primary consumers are herbivores and secondary consumers are carnivores
18. Sequence the ecological levels of organization from smallest to largest
Organism - population - community - ecosystem
19. What factors would increase a producer population size?
decrease in carnivores and herbivores
20. Give an example of how matter is recycled to promote energy flow in an ecosystem
During the nitrogen cycle nitrogen fixing bacteria decompose matter that can help plants use nutrients to make sugars for energy
21. Create a Food Chain
22. Which trophic level would contain herbivores?
Primary Consumer (second level)
23. Where does photosynthesis occur in a plant cell?
chloroplast
24. How is food converted into energy (ATP)?
Cellular Respiration
25. Describe photosynthesis
26. A change in the body or behavior of a species making it easier to survive
adaptation
27. What are some types of adaptations?
nocturnalism, migration, camouflage, leaf shape
28. What process make ATP?
Cellular Respiration
29. Compare abiotic and biotic factors
Biotic factors are living things such as plants, bacteria and Abiotic factors relate to temperature and rain or physical characteristics
30.Which organisms use photosynthesis to convert energy for survival?
plantlike Protista, plants, bacteria with chlorplasts
31. Why are decomposers important to an ecosystem?
Decomposers such as bacteria and fungi break down dead plants and animals to promote nutrient cycling in an ecosystem.
32. Define clone - cell or multicellular organism that is genetically identical
33. Describe the flow of energy in an energy pyramid.
Only 10% of available energy flows from the previous trophic level in one direction from producers to consumers (bottom to top).
The number of levels (bars) is determined by the total amount of energy
34. Describe the process of DNA fingerprinting.
Using gel electrophoresis, DNA is cut using enzymes into various fragments. Electric current causes the fragments to move through a
gel within glass plates. Smaller fragments move farther and larger DNA fragments move slower so they make band sat the top of the
gel plate. Each set of bands is unique because of way DNA is cut. These are as unique as fingerprints.
35. What ecological process is indicated in the following diagram?
36. How are genetically modified organisms engineered?
Using isolated and extracted genes to recombine DNA from different organisms to create desired traits (recombinant DNA). Bacteria
are commonly used since they reproduce rapidly and can produce large amounts of human proteins such as insulin.
37. Study Biomes chart