FACULTY OF SOCIAL SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
SKBE 2113
ORAL COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES
ASSIGNMENT 3 (REPORT)
INDIVIDUAL ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES
LECTURER: DR. ZULKIFLI AHMAD
PREPARED BY:
NURUL NATASHA ZULKIFLI
A137348
Transcription
*G7c: Azim | *G1d: Muaz
G7c:
Hello.
G1d: Hey.
G7c:
Is this seat empty?
G1d: Oh, can you… can you… (Lexical repetition) It’s not... umm
G7c:
Thank you. Salam, my name Azim. (literal translation)
G1d: My name is Muaz.
G7c:
How are you?
G1d: I’m very fine, thank you.
G7c:
What are you doing here?
G1d: Ah, I’m studying…umm… ELS course. How about you?
G7c:
umm, I’m here representing my company…
G1d: Okay…
G7c: …for the box.
G1d: Uh…ah…
G7c:
Have got the task regarding the box?
G1d: Yes, I have…I have… (Lexical repetition) [Mumbling] My group presented a box… I
think it’s quite similar with yours. Umm…umm… What did you present at the
particular time?
G7c:
During the particular time, I am in charge with the post of sturdiness.
G1d: I see.
G7c:
What do I mean about sturdiness is what can the box do, what can its carry. Ah, so
some kind of things like that I’m in charge of. (Literal translation) How about you,
Muaz?
G1d: Oh, [Mumbling] for the box…umm… I’m as… in charge of presenting how are we
going to market the box and how to sell it (restructuring) umm… we decided to sell it
online and there’s a preview, there’s a… umm… there’s a discount and everything.
So, yeah… basically we just talking about how do we sell it and how are we going to
market it, who’s the people, who’s the target market and everything like that.
G7c:
What, how far did you think your box will go? (Restructuring)
G1d: Oh/, ah… thank you.
G7c:
That kind of interesting, right?
G1d: I, I think we’ll go quite far actually, the box is also not very big like some of the
companies but it’s very sturdy, very strong, has high capacity and it’s very pretty. The
thing that I really like about the box is the fact that it’s custom made (word coinage),
you can use any colour, you can make it any design. How about your box?
G7c:
Actually, my box is quite big but it is up to its name, you know…
G1d: Ah…
G7c:
The next… the next big thing. (Lexical repetition)
G1d: Oh, okay…
G7c:
Haa… seems the box is big, the capacity… its can stand is about 2 to 5 kilos…
(Restructuring)
G1d: Oh… okay, that’s a lot.
G7c:
Yes, that’s actually a lot. When we build that box, we made it well staged. That’s
because we… um… in Malaysia, our season, we only have rainy and summer season
throughout the years. (Restructuring)
G1d: Yes… true.
G7c:
If u made a box but it can be stand to a summer but it cannot be expose to the rain,
what’s the use [Mumbling]…
G1d: Ah, haa… yes, yes. I see. I see (lexical repetition) your point there. That’s why it’s
interesting.
G7c:
So, as far as you know, my box is about 223 cm in tube, do you what I mean?
(Approximation)
G1d: Haa, okay.
G7c:
It is quite big. (Approximation)
G1d: Yes, it is quite big. (Approximation)
G7c:
So, we’ve target the people whom majorly is student because we often heard that at
the end of semester all of the student will been looking for a box that’s when we come
out/… we will go to the surface/.
[Laugh]…
G1d: I see\ … [Mumbling]… because it’s a huge box, big, they can put a lot of stuff to put
in the storage room, isn’t it? /
G7c:
Yes, because we didn’t know what will happen in the storage room because what I do
see is people always hang up their wet clothes inside the store room. So, if they use
regular box…
G1d: So, they are wet…
G7c:
Yes, so that’s why we came up with irregular box. /
[Laugh]…
G1d: Thank you.
-----------------------------------------------End-------------------------------------------------------------
Communication Strategies Frequency Report
Name: Nurul Natasha binti Zulkifli
Date: 12th Nov. 2012
Matrix No: A137348
Name of Participant 1: Nor Azim bin Bonandir
Name of Participant 1: Muaz bin Mohamad
Code Name: G7c
Code Name: G1d
Gender: Male
Gender: Male
Race: Malay
Race: Malay
State of Origin: Johor
State of Origin: Selangor
MUET Band: 3
MUET Band: 4
No.
Strategy
Frequency
No.
Strategy
Frequency
1
Message Abandonment *
0
1
Message Abandonment *
0
2
Topic avoidance
0
2
Topic avoidance
0
3
Literal translation
2
3
Literal translation
0
4
Language switch
0
4
Language switch
0
5
Restructuring
3
5
Restructuring
1
6
Circumlocution
0
6
Circumlocution
0
7
Word coinage
0
7
Word coinage
1
8
Approximation*
2
8
Approximation*
1
9
Appeal for assistance
0
9
Appeal for assistance
0
10
Offer help
0
10
Offer help
1
11
Lexical repetition
1
11
Lexical repetition
3
12
Tonicity
3
12
Tonicity
3
13
Topic fronting
0
13
Topic fronting
0
Ellipsis for pause - 4
Ellipsis for pause - 9
Report
Referring to the communication strategies frequency report, G7c speaker had applied five
communication strategies; which are literal translation, restructuring, approximation, lexical
repetition, and tonicity while G1d speaker had applied six of it; which are restructuring, word
coinage, approximation, offer help, lexical repetition, and tonicity. Moreover, there are also
some pauses in their conversation.
Literal Translation
For literal translation strategy, G7c speaker had used it twice. He translates word from word
from L1.
“… my name Azim.”
“… some kind of things like that I’m in charge of.”
For the first phrase, the speaker (G7c) missed the word is; which make it literally translated
from L1.
Restructuring
Based on the transcription, G7c had applied restructuring strategy more often than G1d. For
that, we can see both speakers are aware of their mistake therefore they restructured it. They
reformulate the syntax of the utterance.
G7c
G7c used restructuring strategy three times.
“What, how far did you think your box will go?”
“… we… um… in Malaysia, our season, we only have rainy and summer season
throughout the years.”
“…the capacity… its can stand is about 2 to 5 kilos…”
G1d
G1d used restructuring strategy once.
“… I’m as… in charge of presenting how are we going to market the box and how to
sell it…”
Word Coinage
According to the transcription, one of the speakers (G1d) makes up a new word in order to
communicate a desired concept.
“The thing that I really like about the box is the fact that it’s custom made,”
Approximation
From the conversation, it showed that G7c used approximation strategy twice while G1d use
it once. Both speakers use a single target language vocabulary item that shares enough
semantic features in common with the desired item to satisfy the speaker.
G7c
G7c used approximation strategy twice.
“…about 223 cm in tube, do you what I mean?”
“It is quite big.”
G1d
G1d used approximation strategy once.
“Yes, it is quite big.”
Offer Help
From the transcription, G1d had offered help once. The speaker offers the target item to the
interlocutor.
“G7c: Yes, because we didn’t know what will happen in the storage room because
what I do see is people always hang up their wet clothes inside the store room. So, if
they use regular box…
G1d: So, they are wet…
G7c: So, we’ve target the people whom majorly is student because we often heard
that at the end of semester all of the student will been looking for a box that’s when we
come out… we will go to the surface.”
Lexical Repetition
Referring to the transcription, there’s a lot of lexical repetition. Both speakers repeat words or
phrases with a system of tones for discourse and topic maintenance, topic salience marker,
appeal for assistance, request for clarification, and to indicate comprehension.
G7c
“G7c: The next… the next big thing.”
G1d
“G1d: Oh, can you… can you… It’s not... umm”
“G1d: Yes, I have…I have… [Mumbling] My group presented a box… I think it’s
quite similar with yours.”
“G1d: Ah, haa… yes, yes. I see. I see it. That’s why it’s interesting.”
Tonicity
Based on the video, both speakers use tonicity in their conversation. The speakers use stress
and pitch to mark key information or to differentiate given from new information.
G7c
“G7c: So, we’ve target the people whom majorly is student because we often heard
that at the end of semester all of the student will been looking for a box that’s
when we come out/… we will go to the surface/.”
“G7c: Yes, so that’s why we came up with irregular box. /
G1d
“G1d: Oh/, ah… thank you.”
“G1d: I see\ … [Mumbling]… because it’s a huge box, big, they can put a lot of stuff
to put in the storage room, isn’t it? /
Ellipsis for Pause
Based on the conversation, it showed that G1d had more pauses; nine times, than G7c; 4
times. This occurs is might be because of they were searching for the accurate words to say,
or, they lack of vocabulary. The use of ellipsis showed their hesitation in the conversation.
Conclusion
To conclude, both speakers are at the same level because mostly they are using the same
strategies. Similarly, they are using restructuring, approximation, lexical repetition, and
tonicity in communication strategies. Furthermore, G7c use literal translation in his
conversation unlike G1d. On the other hand, G1d use the strategy of offering help in his
conversation while G7c do not. Nevertheless, the conversation went well because they are
supporting and committing to each other.