CHEMISTRY I
Kinetic Theory Review
Matching:
1. _____ Energy of movement in an object.
2. _____ Force of billions of collisions between gas molecules and the surface
of an object.
3. _____ Piece of equipment that measures atmospheric pressure.
4. _____ A measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in matter.
5. _____ Temperature at which all molecular motion stops.
6. _____ State of matter with no definite shape but definite volume.
7. _____ State of matter with highest kinetic energy
8. _____ State of matter with definite shape and definite volume.
9._____ State of matter with no definite shape and no definite volume; particles
have random motion.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Absolute Zero
Barometer
Gas
Gas Pressure
G. Kinetic Energy
H. Liquid
I. Plasma
J. Solid
K. Temperature
Pressure Conversions:
18. 216.5 kPa = ________ atm
19. 2.65 atm = ________ mm Hg
20. 842.2 mm Hg = _______ kPa
21. 1.65 atm = ________ kPa
22. 812.5 mm Hg = _______ atm
23. 176.4 kPa = ________ mm Hg
Kinetic Energy:
24. What is the equation for kinetic energy? _____________________
25. As mass increases, velocity will (increase/decrease). This is a(n) (direct/inverse) relationship.
26. As kinetic energy decreases, velocity of the object will (increase/decrease). This is a(n) (direct/inverse)
relationship.
27. A larger gas molecule will have a (high/low) kinetic energy. This is a(n) (direct/inverse) relationship.
Temperature Conversions:
28. 35 °C = ________ K
32. 52 °C = _______ K
29. 100 °C = _______ K
33. -22 °C = ______ K
30. 298 K = _______°C
34. 317 K = ______ °C
31. 286 K = _______ °C
35. 356 K = ______ °C
36. Heat always flows from ________ to ________.
States of Matter:
Kinetic Energy
Motion of
Particles
Shape
Volume
Solids
Liquids
Gases
Plasma
1. _____________________ forces hold particles together in ionic, covalent, and metallic bonds.
2. _____________________ forces are the forces of attraction between particles.
3. The three main types of intermolecular forces are: 1) ___________________________,
2) ____________________________, and 3) ______________________________.
4. _______________________ are the weakest of all molecular attractions.
5. ______________________ result from temporary shifts in the density of electrons in electron clouds.
6. Dispersion forces exist between all particles, but are the dominant force of attraction between identical
________________ molecules.
7. ______________________ is the attraction between oppositely charged regions of polar molecules.
8. Liquids take the ______________ of their container while their ______________ is fixed.
9. The higher density of liquids than gases is due to their __________________ forces.
10. ________________ is the ability to flow.
11. ________________ is a measure of the resistance of a liquid to flow.
12. Viscosity of a liquid is determined by 1) _______________________________,
2) _________________________________, and 3) _____________________ of the particles.
13. Viscosity decreases with _________________.
14. Solids have a/n ______________ shape and volume.
15. Ice floats because it is less ___________ than water.
16. Atoms such as carbon and silicon, which can form, multiple covalent bonds, are able to form
________________________________ solids. Examples are ________________,
________________, and __________________.
17. The term _______________ is used when the three states of matter coexist as physically distinct parts of a
mixture.
18. The _________________ of a crystalline solid is the temp. at which the forces holding its crystalline lattice
together are broken and it becomes a liquid.
19. _________________ is the process from which a liquid changes to a gas or vapor.
20. _________________ is the method by which your body controls its temp.
21. Evaporation is when vaporization occurs only at the ________________ of a liquid.
22. _______________ pressure is exerted by a vapor over a liquid.
23. ___________________ is the temp. at which the vapor pres. of a liquid equals the external pres.
24. __________________ is the process in which a solid changes directly to a gas without first becoming a
liquid.
25. Examples of sublimation are _______________________ and ______________________________,
26. ___________________ is the process by which a substance changes from a gas to a solid without first
becoming a liquid. An example is ____________________________________________.
27. ________________________ is the temp. at which a liquid is converted into a crystalline solid.
28. A ________________________ is a graph of pres. vs. temp. at which three phases of a substance can
coexist.
29. _____________________________ indicates the critical pres. and critical temp. above which water cannot
exist as a liquid.
30. ____________________ on a phase diagram represents the temp. and pres. at which 3 phases of a substance
can coexist.
31. How does the lowering of atmospheric pressure affect boiling point?__________________________
Pressure (mm Hg)
USE THE PHASE DIAGRAM BELOW TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS
55,327
Liquid
Solid
3885
Gas
760
Vapor
-78
-57
31
Temperature (C)
32. What is the triple point of the substance depicted in the phase diagram above?
33. What is the melting point at 55,327 mmHg? _________ sublimation point at 760 mmHg? ____________
34. What phase is this substance in at –67C and 3900 mm Hg of pressure?
35. At what temperature and pressure is triple point? ________________
36. At what temperature and pressure is critical point? _________________