SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL IDEAS 6.2 Energy interacts with matter When atoms absorb _________ electrons in the atom can jump to ______ energy levels. The atom has moved from its ______ state to an _______ state. Molecules are also affected by radiation. Different amounts of ______ affect the molecule in different ways. More energy is required to make the molecule rotate than to _________. The largest amount of energy will be __________ energy which can make electrons move between electronic ______ levels. All types of energy are _________ which means that only _____ levels can exist. The lowest level is called the ______ state. Different energy changes for different parts of the spectrum The gap between ____________ energy levels corresponds to the infra-red part of the spectrum. This is sensed as ____ when the bonds in _________ in our skin are made to vibrate. In the microwave region, which is _____ energy (and lower _________) the molecules will ______. The _______ amount of energy is required for electronic changes. Therefore these happen if _______ or ultraviolet _________ is used. Any changes in energy levels (of any sort) will have a _____ of energies possible to make the change. The actual value will depend on the _________ involved and the ________ of the bonds between _____. Eg compounds containing C – F bonds will absorb ________ of a higher energy than compounds containing ______ or ______ bonds. What kind of electronic changes occur when molecules absorb ultraviolet radiation? The gaps between energy ______ in atoms correspond to the energy of _______ or ultraviolet radiation. When an atom absorbs _______ of visible or __________ radiation electrons _____ to higher energy levels. This can also happen in molecules. The electrons in a molecule (whether they are _________ or non-bonding electrons) are in ________energy levels. What happens in a molecule (eg chlorine, Cl2) depends on the amount of ______ involved. The molecules may ionise, __________ or just release the energy. 1. 2. 3. Electrons are _______ to a higher energy level, and fall back later (the remaining light energy that is not ________ looks green) The atoms in the molecule break apart (called ____________) to produce ________. Further reactions will probably occur because radicals are very ________. This is because the ______ energy used has prevented the bonding electrons from holding the ________ together. Very high energy _______ can make the molecules _______ so much energy that an _______ will leave. The molecule is _______ to produce a ________ ion.