Group Meeting
Ming Hong Tsai
Date : 2011.5.16
1
Communication Magazine
Vol. 49 Issue 4
2
Toward Ubiquitous Massive
Accesses in 3GPP Machine-toMachine Communications
3
AIR Interface Considerations
Physical Layer Considerations
Random Access Channel Congestions



3GPP TSG RAN WG2 Meeting 71 R2-104662
Backoff-Based Scheme
Access Class Barring (ACB) Based Scheme
 3GPP TSG RAN WG2 Meeting 68bis R2-100182


Separating RACH Resources
Dynamic Allocation of RACH Resources
Energy and Complexity Considerations

Energy consumption

Proposed
 Transmission algorithm
4
Radio Resource Allocation with
QoS Guarantees
Enormously Diverse QoS Requirements
Small Data and Massive Transmissions
Proposed

Grouping-Based Radio Resource Management
5
Home M2M Networks: Architectures,
Standards, and QoS Improvement
6
PROPOSED ARCHITECTURE FOR
HOME M2M NETWORKS
Physical layer and MAC layer
M2M communication
M2M communication
M2M communication
M2M communication
in body areas
in personal areas (Zigbee)
in local areas (WiFi)
via cognitive gateway
7
STANDARDS FOR DEVICE AND RESOURCE
SHARING IN HOME M2M NETWORKS
Three major standards have been defined for facilitating the
application layer multimedia discovering, searching, and sharing
in home M2M networks

UPnP (Universal Plug-and-Play) and its QoS Architecture


DLNA (Digital Living Network Alliance) and its QoS Architecture


Understanding Universal Plug and Play: A White Paper, June 2000
DLNA Overview and Vision Whitepaper, 2006
IGRS (Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing) and its QoS Architecture

Information Device Intelligent Grouping and Resource Sharing QoS Specification for Wireless
UWB networks (draft), 2008
8
QoS IMPROVEMENT IN
HOME M2M COMMUNICATIONS
Machine Model


Resilient
Non-Resilient
Proposed

A cross-layer joint design
9
GRS: The Green, Reliability, and
Security of Emerging Machine to
Machine Communications
10
OVERVIEW OF M2M COMMUNICATIONS
ARCHITECTURE AND GRS REQUIREMENTS
M2M domain
Network domain
Application domain
11
GRS IN M2M COMMUNICATIONS
Energy efficiency


Communication dominates energy consumption, and energy efficiency can be
increased by wisely adjusting transmission power (to the minimal necessary
level), and carefully applying algorithmic and distributed computing techniques
to design efficient communication protocols (e.g., routing protocols[5]).
Activity scheduling scheme
 “Localized Sensor Area Coverage With Low Communication Overhead,” IEEE
Trans.
12
GRS IN M2M COMMUNICATIONS
Reliabilty

In sensing and processing

a single M2M node may not be sufficient to accurately sense and process monitoring data.

Local vote decision fusion (LVDF) algorithm


In transmission

Consider that there are n total positive monitoring data on the same event in the M2M domain,
and the M2M GW will report the decision to the BS only if it can collect more than k distinct
monitoring data packets.

Spatial redundancy technology


“Local Vote Decision Fusion for Target Detection in Wireless Sensor Networks,” IEEE Trans.
“Spread: Improving Network Security by Multipath Routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks,” Wireless Networks
At the BS

In general, there is only one server activated to process these data packets for energy(power)
saving purposes. However, when the number of arrival packets dramatically increases,
especially during peak times, the single server cannot deal with the challenging situation, and
reliability and QoS will degrade.

Redundancy technologies

How to balance greenness and reliability in M2M communications needs further exploration.
13
GRS IN M2M COMMUNICATIONS
Security



CIA, Non-repudiation, Access control, Availability, Privacy
Efficiently detecting the node compromise attack is very challenging in the
M2M domain.
Early detecting node compromise in M2M Domain



“CAT: Building Couples to Early Detect Node Compromise Attack in Wireless Sensor Networks,”
Proc. IEEE GLOBECOM,
To preserve energy, some M2M nodes switch to sleep mode. Then they
could be compromised by an attacker without being detected. Later, these
compromised nodes can inject false data and send them to the application
domain, causing not only high-level erroneous decisions in an M2M
application, but also energy wasted in multihop en route nodes.
Bandwidth efficient cooperative authentication (BECAN) to filter false
reports in M2M communications

“SAGE: A Strong Privacy-Preserving Scheme against Global Eavesdropping for eHealth
Systems,” IEEE JSAC,
14
Machine-to-Machine
Communications for Home
Energy Management System
in Smart Grid
15
Open Research Issues
Standardization
Traffic Characterization
Protocol Re-design
Spectrum Management
Optimal Network Design

Home Energy Management System (HEMS)
16
M2M: From Mobil to
Embedded Internet
17
The Vision of Internet of Things
There are three essential components
to this “Internet of Things” vision.



A continuum of devices from low-cost/lowpower to compute-rich/high-performance
Ultra scalable connectivity
Cloud-based mass device management and
services
18
The Essential Elements of
M2M Solutions
Security

“security-on-chip”
“zero-touch” manageability and
information overload

Large-scale surveillance networks
Optimum distribution of device and
cloud intelligence
19
M2M Connectivity and
Network Architectures
20
Key Features for Air Interface
Optimizations
DRAFT-T31-127-R020-v01
3GPP TS 22.368 v10.1.0
21
Addressing Extremely Large
Number of Devices
Group Control
Time-Controlled Traffic
Time-Tolerant Traffic
One-Way Data Traffic
Extremely Low Latency
Infrequent Traffic
22
M2M Usage Models
23
Toward Intelligent Machineto-Machine Communications in
Smart Grid
24
Considered Architecture for SG
Communication
Neighborhood Area Network (NAN)
Building Area Network (BAN)
Home Area Network (HAN)
25
Toward effective SG communication
SG communication depends on two important
requirements, communication latency and large
volume of messages




IEEE
IEEE
IEEE
IEEE
802.15.3a (UWB)
802.11 (WiFi)
802.15.1 (Bluetooth)
802.15.4 (Zigbee)
26
Envisioned Improvement to HAN
Communications Based on Zigbee
In a conventional HAN, if the M2M devices always
attempt to send their periodic messages to the HAN
GW, the HAN GW is expected to receive a relatively
high number of messages.

proposed
 Intelligent system based on Zigbee
27