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Beale, M.; Morioka, Y.; Microwave Conference (EuMC), 2011 41st European , vol., no., pp.115-118, 10-13 Oct. 2011
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• The most frequently used wireless technology that is applied in the PAN for M2M is IEEE 802.15.4 based
Zigbee; WiFi, may also be used in the PAN or local area
• WiMAX, CDMA etc. may also be used for M2M. These technologies may be suitable for supporting higher data rate M2M applications than GPRS although such high data rates applications (e.g. video surveillance, digital signage etc.) may only represent a small proportion of M2M communications in the foreseeable future
Copyright © 2012, MBL@CS.NCTU

• LTE technology, as the long term evolution for 3GPP, is a natural choice for the evolution of 3GPP to the support of low rate M2M applications in the future.
3GPP is considering LTE enhancements as part of its focus on M2M
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Sheng Zhou; Communication Technology and Application (ICCTA 2011), IET
International Conference on , vol., no., pp.428-431, 14-16 Oct. 2011
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• The development of mobile Internet and Internet of
Things sharply increases needs of bandwidth and rate of mobile network
• In a typical urban macro/micro scenario with lots of users, the network capacity is a bottleneck of the user experience
Copyright © 2012, MBL@CS.NCTU

• AFN (Intra Frequency Networking) is that the service and neighbor cells work in the same spectrum, namely sharing same sub-carrier resources
• RFN (Inter Frequency Networking) means the service cell works in the different spectrum different from neighbor cells
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Kan Zheng; Fanglong Hu; Wenbo Wang; Wei Xiang; Dohler, M.; Communications
Magazine, IEEE , vol.50, no.7, pp.184-192, July 2012
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• This article thus briefly reviews the features of M2M services in the third generation (3G) long-term evolution and its advancement (LTE-Advanced) networks
• With M2M communications, devices “talk” to each other through wired or wireless connections and share data without direct human intervention
Copyright © 2012, MBL@CS.NCTU

• For mobile service operators, services through M2M communications have promising and strategic values.
For instance, a large number of M2M services are nonreal time and typically consume little bandwidth, with minimal impact on the capacity of radio access networks (RANs)
• The scope of this article is hence to examine how H2H users and MTC devices can share available radio resources efficiently so as to mitigate co-channel interference and thus enhance network efficiency
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• Direct Transmission Between MTCD and eNB —
Therefore, there exist strong similarities between the eNB-to-UE and eNB-to-MTCD links. In certain time instants, intense competition for radio resources may occur
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• Multi-Hop Transmission with the Aid of an MTC
Gateway — In order to mitigate or eliminate negative effects of M2M communications on H2H communications, an MTC gateway can be deployed in cellular networks, where all MTCDs are connected to the eNB indirectly through the relaying of the MTCG
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• Peer-to-Peer Transmission Between MTCDs — An
MTCD may communicate locally with other entities, which provide the MTCD with raw data for processing and communicating to the MTC server and/or other
MTCDs
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Yu Chen; Wei Wang; Vehicular Technology Conference Fall (VTC 2010-Fall), 2010
IEEE 72nd , vol., no., pp.1-4, 6-9 Sept. 2010
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• Machine-to-machine communication will be one of the focuses in LTE-A, as the demand of M2M is increasing so greatly recent years and might eventually exceeds the human-to-human communication.
• Like the first generation M2M, a major part of M2M uses SMS as the communication method, and the machines only send small amount of data once a time.
It is not a problem when there are few machine devices in the network
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• In current specification, only very limited categories of handset capabilities are supported, and even the lowest category can provide what’s more than the metering needs
• The LTE-A physical layer chain contains the following six function blocks, including physical channels supported, coding schemes, modulation schemes, maximum transmission power, bandwidth configuration,
RF configuration
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• Since these machines are deployed by large company, it is easy to make the conformance test of the new devices, so network operator does not need to worry the impact on the current network
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Beale, Martin; Morioka, Yuichi; Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring), 2012
IEEE 75th , vol., no., pp.1-6, 6-9 May 2012
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• With approximately 80% of the worldwide population already connected through cellular networks in 2010, the market for Human-to-Human (H2H) communication is expected to saturate in the near future
• Whereas many operators currently use multiple radio access technologies (RATs), future costs can be reduced by operating a single RAT
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Ko, K.; Kim, M.; Bae, K.; Sung, D.; Kim, J.; Ahn, J.; Communications Letters, IEEE , vol.PP, no.99, pp.1-4, 2012
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• To support M2M communications in future cellular systems, one of the most challenging problems is to resolve a collision problem in random access because of access attempts from a large number of devices
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