Flame
Detection
Theory
EVERY LIFE HAS A PURPOSE…
Requirements of a Fire
Oxygen
Characteristics of a Fire
 High Emissions of Ultraviolet Radiation
 High Emissions of Infrared Radiation
 Presence of Light, Smoke and Airborne Debris
False Alarm Sources
 Arc Welding
 Sunlight
 Infrared Energy
 Modulation
 Reflective
Characteristics of a Fire
Ultraviolet Region
Visible Region
Infrared Region
Relative
Energy
Wavelength
2 to 3
microns
400nm
Sun’s radiation
reaching the Earth
UV Phototube
Ultraviolet Region
Visible Region
Infrared Region
Relative
Energy
2 to 3
microns
400nm
Sun’s radiation
reaching the Earth
UV Phototube
Ultraviolet
Radiation
Anode
Photocathode
Electrons
Gas-Filled
Phototube
VDC
+
IR Devices
Visible Region
Ultraviolet Region
Infrared Region
Relative
Energy
400nm
2 to 3
microns
Sun’s radiation
reaching the Earth
Wavelength
IR Devices
Ultraviolet Region
Visible Region
Infrared Region
Hydrogen fires
emit H2O vapors
@ 2.95 microns
Relative
Energy
Wavelength
2.7 to 3 .2
microns
400nm
Sun’s radiation
reaching the Earth
FlameGard 5 UV/IR
FlameGard 5 UV/IR
Ultraviolet + Infrared Detection
Photo-tube + Pyroelectric (Flicker)
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Features
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Monitors in both UV and IR spectral ranges
reducing possibility of false alarms caused by
lightning, arc welding, hot objects etc.
Typical Response time: < 3 seconds @ 50ft
120° maximum horizontal field of view
-40°F to +185°F (-40°C to +85°C) operating
temperature
COPM (Continuous Optical Path Monitoring)
RS-485 Modbus RTU, HART
Hydrogen fire configuration available
FlameGard 5 UV/IR
Physical Characteristics
Assembly
 Three Distinct Explosion-proof Housings:
 UV/IR
 COPM Light Rods (Reflective Coated)
 UV - Straight
 IR - Curved
 O-Ring Sealed Windows
 Common Base with Bracket Mounting Holes
 Two (2) Bottom Entry Conduit Connections (3/4” NPT)
 “Drip Lip” (3/4 of housing mating surface)
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Environmental
 Temperature
 FlameGard 5 UV/IR
-40°C to 85°C (-40°F to 185°F)
 Ratings
 IP 66, Type 4X, Class I, Div 1, Groups B, C & D;
Class II, Groups E, F & G; Class III
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Performance
 Improved detection and false alarm immunity
 Field-of-View
 FlameGard 5 UV/IR - 115° Vertical, 120° Horizontal
 Optical Sensitivity
 1 sq. ft. fire at 50 ft.
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Field of View
(Horizontal)
0°
15°
15°
50'
30°
30°
45'
40'
45°
75%
45°
35'
30'
60°
100%
60°
25'
20'
15'
10'
50%
TABLE CHART
(±5°)
HORIZONTAL
HORIZONTAL
SENSITIVITY
100%
75%
50%
100%
75%
50%
0°
50'
50'
25'
±15°
50'
50'
15'
±30°
50'
50'
<5'
±45°
50'
30'
<5'
±60°
25'
<20'
<5'
+60°
+45°
SENSITIVITY
TABLE CHART
100%
100%
+30°
VERTICAL
75%
100%
75%
50%
TABLE CHART
(±5°)
HORIZONTAL
HORIZONTAL
SENSITIVITY
100%
75%
50%
0°
100%
75%
50%
50'
50'
25'
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Field of View
(Vertical)
±15°
50'
50'
15'
±30°
50'
50'
<5'
±45°
50'
30'
<5'
±60°
25'
<20'
<5'
+60°
SENSITIVITY
+45°
TABLE CHART
100%
100%
+30°
VERTICAL
100%
75%
50%
0°
50'
50'
25'
±15°
50'
50'
25'
±30°
50'
50'
25'
±45°
50'
30'
<20'
±60°
20'
<20'
<20'
75%
50%
50%
-15°
-30°
-45°
-60°
10'
15'
20'
25'
30'
35'
40'
0°
45'
+15°
50'
75%
(±5°)
VERTICAL
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications

Performance
 Spectral Sensitivity
 FlameGard 5 UV/IR:

185 to 260 nanometers & 4.35 microns
Response Time (Normal Operation
FlameGard 5 UV/IR
Detector Response (nominal)
< 500ms
Output Response (50 ft. fire)
< 3sec.
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Outputs
 4-20 mA Signal
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0 mA, Fault
2 mA, COPM Fault
4 mA, Ready
8 mA, IR Only
12 mA, UV Only
16 mA, Warn
20 mA, Alarm (After time delay)
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Outputs
 Commands
 Read Only
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4-20 mA
Alarm, Warning, Fault
UV Only Signal, IR Only Signal
UV Source Lamp Fault, IR Source Lamp Fault
Low Voltage
Communication Faults
 Write Only
 Auto Test, Reset, Accept
 Read and Write
 Address, Modbus Setup
 Sensitivity (100%, 75%, 50%)
 Time Delay, Relay States
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Outputs
 Relays: (3) SPDT (8-amp, 24 VDC/250 VAC
Resistive)
 Warning (Immediate, no time delay)
 Alarm (After 2, 4, 8 or 10 Sec. Time Delay)
 Dip Switch Selectable
 RS-485 Selectable (Non-intrusive over-ride)
 Fault (Energized, non-latching )
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 System
 Modes:
 Normal
 Self Test (Power-up)
 Alarm Test (Remote)
 Fault Diagnostic -Status Indication (LED)
RED LED
GREEN LED
ALTERNATING
OFF
CONDITION
TIME OUT – 10 SECONDS AFTER START-UP
10 SEC. BLINK
READY – NO FLAME RADIATION PRESENT
SLOW BLINK
ON
WARN – FLAME RADIATION PRESENT
FAST BLINK
ON
ALARM – WARN +TIME DELAY
OFF
SLOW BLINK
FAULT –COPM FAULT DETECTED
OFF
FAST BLINK
FAULT – LOW VOLTAGE CONDITION
 Other Fault Diagnostics via RS-485
FlameGard 5 UV/IR Specifications
 Approvals
 CSA, FM, ATEX, CE Marking
 Power
 20-36 VDC Nominal @ 150 mA Max.
 Input Terminals
 Test and Reset
 Wiring: 12 AWG to 22 AWG
FlameGard 5 Test Lamp
 Rechargeable/replaceable
batteries
 Easy grip handle integral
with housing
 Spring return on/off
switch to conserve
battery life
 Explosion-proof cast
aluminum housing
 CSA Approved
 ATEX Approved
Key Features / Benefits
 Excellent Discrimination of False Alarms
 UV detection in the 185-260 nanometer range which
is well below natural sunlight and artificial light.
 IR detection at 4.3 microns which is the CO2 spike
generated from hydrocarbon fires.
 Flicker discrimination algorithm, which eliminates
false alarms from IR sources.
 Arc welding and lightning will not cause the
FlameGard UV/IR to go to false alarm.
Key Features / Benefits
 “COPM” Continuous Optical Path Monitoring
 We check the optical path once every minute on both
the UV and IR sides to make sure the windows are
not dirty, and that the test sources and detectors are
working properly.
 Wide Angle of View
 120° angle of view is the widest in the industry which
allows for a larger area of coverage and a reduced
number of detectors.
Key Features / Benefits
 Hydrogen Fire Specific Flame Detector
 Uses a wavelength of 2.7-3.2 microns on
the IR detector to detect the water spike of
Hydrogen fires.
 Output Capability
 Three programmable relays (8 AMP)
 0-20 mA stepped output to allow quick
diagnostics for UV only, IR only, COPM
Fault and overall Failures
 Modbus for digital communication
 HART------Digital Communication protocol.
Communicates via analog output line.