Oxford Street 2
progress update
Paul Cullinan
NHLI: Fan Chung/Rudy Sinharay/Peter Collins
KCL: Ben Bradshaw et al.
Exposomics November 2014
Boris Johnson admits London's Oxford
Street is one of world's most polluted
London mayor makes u-turn over Oxford Street’s
pollution levels in a letter to the EAC about research
funding for King’s College, that made the original
claim on air quality.
13 Nov 2014
24 comments
cross-over design
40 each:
• COPD (moderate)
• IHD (stable, no COPD)
• Healthy (neither of above)
clinical measurements
time re. exposure
place
time
symptoms
arterial stiffness
continuous ECG
venesection
urine collection
spirometry
ios
EB condensate
induced sputum
Schedule of measurements
-2hr
0hr
lab.
site
site
site
8am
10am
11am
noon
X
X
X
X
+1hr
lab.
1pm
X
+2hr
lab.
2pm
X
X
+3hr
lab.
3pm
+4hr
lab.
4pm
X
X
+24h
lab.
noon
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
pre-exposure questionnaires: geography
postcodes
home
work
significant other
today’s date
how did you get
here today?
tube(
car( motorbike(
walk(
bus()
bicycle()
)
)
)
)
Where were you? (tick one or more)
home ()
yesterday
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
work ()
significant other
any other? (describe)
()
pre-exposure questionnaires: diet
breakfast
lunch
supper
time
place
food and
yesterday
drink
today
time
place
food and
drink
time
place
food and
tomorrow
drink
blank
other
exposures (n=c.120 measurements)
distance walked
temp
RH
noise
PM2.5
PM10
ultrafine n
carbon black
Hyde Park
median
5.3mi
18.0
51.3
73.4
7.5
16.1
5709
1.2
Oxford Street
median
5.3mi
18.9
50.9
75.2
18.1
24.7
25472
10.4
P
>.05
>.05
<0.001
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001
Histogram of PM25 HP, PM25 OS
Normal
60
Vari abl e
PM2 5 HP
PM2 5 O S
50
Mean StDev
N
11.43 11.35 117
20.74 11.81 115
Frequenc y
40
30
20
10
0
-15
0
15
30
45
60
75
Data
H istogram of Ultrafine count H P, Ultrafine count OS
Normal
Var i abl e
Ul t r afi ne c ount HP
Ul t r afi ne c ount O S
40
Mean StDev
N
6331 3107 117
24203 8017 114
Frequency
30
20
10
0
0
6000
12000
18000
24000
Data
30000
36000
42000
Histogram of Carbon Black HP, Carbon Black OS
Normal
80
Vari abl e
Carbon Bl ack HP
Carbon Bl ack O S
70
Mean StDev
N
1.582 1.086 106
10.32 2.973 117
Frequenc y
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
4
8
12
16
20
Data
H istogram of NO2 H P, NO2 OS
Normal
40
Var i abl e
N O 2 HP
NO 2 O S
Mean StDev N
9.796 7.042 67
18.08 8.396 64
Frequency
30
20
10
0
0
10
20
Data
30
40
Histogram of NOISE HP, NOISE OS
Normal
Vari abl e
N O ISE HP
N O ISE O S
40
Mean StDev
N
71.16 6.004 103
74.88 2.907 89
Frequenc y
30
20
10
0
60
65
70
Data
75
80
85
participants
male
N
age
FEV1
FVC
% pred % pred
PWV
m/s
AI
%
IOS 5Hz
kPa/L/s
COPD
40
19
68
58
88
9.3
26
0.57
IHD
39
35
67
97
100
9.4
25
0.47
healthy
39
19
62
98
106
8.3
25
0.40
FEV1
healthy
95
COPD
100
*
*
*
*
95
90
IHD
90
*
*
85
90
80
85
75
80
70
75
65
*
*
85
80
75
1
2
3
5
6
24
1
2
3
5
6
24
1
2
3
5
6
24
impulse oscillometry (5Hz)
healthy
COPD
IHD
0.55
0.55
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.45
0.45
0.45
0.40
0.40
0.40
4h
24h
0.55
*
4h
24h
4h
24h
AI
healthy
0.35
*
*
COPD
*
*
0.35
*
*
IHD
0.35
*
*
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.25
0.25
0.25
0.20
0.20
0.20
0.15
0.15
0.15
3h
5h
6h
24h
3h
5h
6h
24h
*
*
3h
5h
6h
24h
Next steps
samples to labs
‘exposomic’ questionnaire information
analysis …