Ancylostoma duodenale
Taxonomy
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Kingdom :
Phylum :
Class
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Order
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Species :
Animalia
Nematoda
Rhabditea
Strongylida
Ancylostomatidae
Ancylostoma
duodenale .
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Old world hook worm
Causative agent of ancylostomiasis
Parasitic description by Dubini
Mode of infection by Loose
Habitat : lumen of small intestine
Morphology :
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Adult worm : cylindrical , greyish white , slightly
curved .
 ant. end : bent slightly in same direction of
body curve .
 Buccal capsule : 6 teeth .
 Post. end : bell shaped – copulatory bursa –
holding the female worm .
 Copulatory bursa : 13 rays in 3 lobes .
Buccal capsule
Adult worms
Copulatory bursa
Difference b/w male and female
Male
Caudal end
Genital opening
Expanded
Umbrella like
shape
Posterior part
Female
Tapering
Not expanded
In b/w middle
1/3 and post.
part
Egg :
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Size : 60 mc in L ,40 mc in B .
Shape : oval
Non bile stained
Thin shelled
8 blastomeres , clear space .
Filariform larva
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Non feeding form
Slender
500 – 600 mc in L
Pointed tail
Shorter oesophagus
Infective form .
Pathogenesis
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Source : human faeces
Host : man
No intermediate host
Route : Penetration
Ingestion
Transmammary
Transplacental .
Life cycle
Clinical manifestations
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20 – 40%
Asymptomatic
Skin manifestations : ground itch
small itchy papules
Site : around feet , b/w toes .
Symptoms : intense itching
edema
erythema
rash .
Respiratory manifestations :
Low grade fever
 Mild cough , pharyngitis
 dyspnea , pneumonia .
Intestinal manifestations :
 low grade fever , anaemia , git disturbances
 Anaemia : hypochromic microcytic
types – mild , moderate , severe .
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Lab diagnosis
 specimen : stool
 Methods
: microscopy – direct wet mount
concentration – formalin ether
salt flotation
kato katz method
culture – harada mori method .
 imaging methods : x – rays .
Treatmant
 Mebendazole
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Pyrantel pamoate
Thiabendazole .