Schedar D. Jocson
University of the Philippines
The study aims to show that…
Language selection is a political assertion and
domination
Language choice in the medium of instruction,
specifically in the Philippines, has been affected
by global concerns on education
MTBMLE is a mechanism for students’ learning
capacities to be fully enhanced yet such
language policy has divided pro-Filipino
academicians
Selection as
A process of choice
no absolute freedom because politics is
affected by different ruling ideologies or
perceptions
What hotel will I be getting? What airline will I be
getting?
What language will I be using?
Limited option
Ideology of the medium of
instruction in the Philippines
Debate started during the American colonial
period
Spanish colonial period’s language policy was clear
Pro-vernacular versus pro-English
In the Philippines, why is it that the MOI is at
the core of the debates in the education
sector?
Delivery vis-à-vis content
Cultural literacy
Reasons people lobbied for the MTBMLE
and its ideological perception
Cognitive development
Linguistic human rights | Linguistic
democracy
Inclusive Education
EFA Movement
Department Orders creating MTBMLE
DO 74, s.2009 “Institutionalizing Mother
Tongue-Based Multilingual Education”
Basic Education System Reform Agenda (BESRA)
Lingua Franca Project
Lubuagan Experiment
DO 16, s.2012
 SIL, Save the Children
Selection of languages included
Selection of languages
included
Iloko
Pangasinense
Kapampangan
Bikol
Tagalog
Waray
Cebuano
Hiligaynon
Chabacano
Maranao
Tausug
Maguindanaoan
Selection of languages
included
Iloko
Pangasinense
Kapampangan
Bikol
Tagalog
Geographic division
Waray
Cebuano
Hiligaynon
Chabacano
Tausug
Maranao
Maguindanaoan
Selection of languages
included
6.9 M
1.6M
1.9 M
Iloko
Pangasinense
4.7 M
Kapampangan
Bikol
Number of
users/speakers
Tagalog
2.5 M
21.5 M
Waray
15.8 M
Cebuano
Binisaya
5.7 M
Hiligaynon
293 L
900 L
Tausug
Chabacano
Maranao
776 L
1.M
Maguindanaoan
Selection of languages
included
6.9 M
Iloko
Ibanag
1.6M
1.9 M
500 L
Pangasinense
4.7 M
Kapampangan
Bikol
Inclusion of Chavacano
Tagalog
2.5 M
Masbatenyo
21.5 M
539 L
Waray
Capiznon
Kiniray-a
639 L
378 L
5.7 M
Cebuano
Hiligaynon
293 L
900 L
15.8 M
Tausug
Chabacano
Maranao
776 L
1.M
Maguindanaoan
Selection of languages
included
Languages in areas
where Muslim Filipinos
are dominant
Chabacano
Tausug
Maranao
Maguindanaoan
Multilingual education in
Philippine society
 DEPED’s preparedness
 The national language as the medium of instruction
 Economics
 Lack of the democratic process
 Globalizing world
Will MTBMLE help develop the
national language?
 Filipino as a product of all
languages in the
Philippines. If all languages
are being used, hence,
Filipino will be useful.
Will regional languages kill
the national language?
Salamat!!!
Schedar D. Jocson
University of the Philippines