Introduction to Information Systems

 How do “ Information ” differ from “ Data ”?
 There is also things such as “ Knowledge ”.
How are they related?

Data
Transformation Process
(selecting, organizing, manipulating)
Information
Practical Use
Knowledge

 Grouping
 Lebelling
 Sorting
 Graphing
 Statistics
 Etc.

1600
1612
1615
1659
1708
1722
1723
1730
2201
In
1631
1625
1725
1734
1812
1751
1749
1815
2240
Out Customer
1 M
1 F 1 M
4 M
1 F
2 F 1 M
1 F 2 M
1 M
1 M
1 M
Order
1 Chocolate
2 Strawberry, 1 Coconut
2 Chocolate, 1 Lemon,
2 Strawberry, 1 Banana
3 Coconut
1 Chocolate, 1 Vanilla,
1 Coffee
3 Coffee, 1 Wafer
1 Coconut, 1 Chocolate, 2
Strawberry
2 Vanilla
1 Coffee
Income
20.-
60.-
105.-
60.-
60.-
70.-
80.-
40.-
20.-

 Customers
 12 Male
-
5 Female
 Peak period
 1600-1815
 Income
 515.-
 Payment
 300.-
 Financial statistics
 1 day + 10%
 1 week + 20%
 1 month + 20%
 Popular menu
 Strawberry - 6 (7, 2, 4, 6, 8)
 Vanilla - 6 (10, 5, 8, 7, 6)
 Chocolate - 5 (4, 7, 4, 5, 5)
 Coconut
-
5 (6, 2, 9, 6, 7)
 Unpopular menu
 Lemon - 1 (0, 0, 0, 1, 0)
 Guava - 0 (0, 0, 1, 1, 0)
 Red bean - 0 (0, 0, 0, 0, 0)

 Promote and stock more strawberry and chocolate
 Terminate guava, red bean and lemon menu
 Change closing time to 1900
 Replace the male staff

 A set of elements or components that interact to accomplish goals

 Inputs
 Processing mechanisms
 Outputs
 Feedback

Input
Processing
Feedback
Output

 Efficiency
 Proportion of outputs and inputs
 Effectiveness
 Achievement of objectives

Class 1
Class 2 Class 3
F D C B A
Efficiency – OK
Effectiveness – OK
F D C B A
Efficiency – Poor
Effectiveness – OK
F D C B A
Efficiency – Good
Effectiveness – ?

 A set of interrelated components that collect, manipulate, and disseminate data and information, and provide feedback to meet an objective (Stair & Reynolds, 2010)
 Complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and distribute data (Wikipedia, 2014)

Components of An Information System
Inputs Process Outputs
Feedback
 Inputs
 Gathering and capturing of raw data
 Processing mechanisms
 Converting data into useful outputs
 Outputs
 Useful information
 Feedback
 Information that is used to make changes to the input and processing components

Data
Information
System
Information

Components of
Computer-Based Information Systems
 Hardware
 Software
 People
 Telecommunications
 Databases
 Procedures

Development of Business Information Systems
TPS
Transaction
Processing
System
MIS
Management
Information
System
DSS
Decision
Support
System
Specialized business information systems
&
Electronics
Commerce
&
Inter-Organization information exchange systems

Types of Internal Information Systems
Executive
Support
Systems
(ESS, EIS)
Decision
Support
Systems
(DSS)
Management
Information
Systems
(MIS)
Office
Automation
Systems
(OAS)
Transaction
Processing
Systems
(TPS)

Types of Internal Information Systems
IS Inputs
ESS Aggregate data,
External, internal
DSS Low volume data,
Analytic models
MIS Transaction data,
High volume data
OAS Office documents,
Schedule
TPS Transaction,
Events
Processing
Graphics,
Simulation
Interactive,
Simulation
Routine report
Word processing,
Storage
Sorting,
Listing
Outputs
Projections
Special reports,
Decision analyses
Summary,
Exception reports
Documents,
Schedule
Detail report,
List
Users
Senior management
Staff manager
Middle manager
Managers
Operation personnel

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
 ระบบประมวลผลรายการเปลี่ยนแปลง
 A software system, or software/hardware combination, that supports transaction processing (Wikipedia, 2014)
 Features
 Rapid response
 Reliability
 Inflexibility
 Controlled processing
 Example
 Point-of-Sale
 Library loan

 ระบบส านักงานอัตโนมัติ
 Varied computer machinery and software used to digitally create, collect, store, manipulate, and relay office information needed for accomplishing basic tasks (Wikipedia, 2014)
 Example
 Work flows
 Project scheduling

Management Information Systems (MIS)
 ระบบสารสนเทศเพื่อการจัดการ
 A system which provides information that organizations require to manage themselves efficiently and effectively (Wikipedia, 2014)
 Example
 Flight information system
 Student information system

 ระบบสนับสนุนเพื่อการตัดสินใจ
 A system that supports business or organizational decision-making activities
(Wikipedia, 2014)
 Example
 Price evaluation system
 Potential drilling sites

 ระบบสนับสนุนผู้บริหารระดับสูง
 Also-called Executive Information Systems (EIS)
 A type of management information system that facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision-making needs (Wikipedia, 2014)
 Example
 Market and sales analysis system
 A.C.M.E (Agent Call Monitoring & Evaluation)

Structure of An Information System
Source: http :// blog .
maia intelligence .
com / wp content / uploads / 2008/04/042908-1415-functionalm2 .
png

 ระบบการวางแผนทร ัพยากรองค ์กร
 A business management software that a company can use to collect, store, manage and interpret data from many business activities (Wikipedia, 2012)

Examples of ERP Packages
 Tier I
 SAP
 Oracle
 Microsoft Dynamics
 Tier II
 Epicor
 Sage
 QAD
 Ross
 Tier III
 ABAS
 Baan
 Syspro
Source: Panorama Consulting Group, 2014, http://go.panorama-consulting.com/rs/panoramaconsulting/images/2014-Manufacturing-ERP-Report.pdf

(See Panorama Consulting Group Report 2014)

Costs of Implementing ERP Packages
Vendor
Oracle
SAP
Microsoft Dynamics
Tier II
Tier III/Other
Average Project Cost
$5.0 million
$6.7 million
$1.8 million
$3.1 million
$1.1 million
Source: Panorama Consulting Group, 2010 http://panorama-consulting.com/Documents/2011-Guide-to-ERP-Systems-and-Vendors.pdf

 SAP Online Configurator: https://www.sapconfigurator.com/sapcfg/build/index.html?l
ang=en&campaign=CRM-US08-HUB-TC_FSTWEB&cntry=us

Specialized Business Information System
 Knowledge Management System (KMS)
 Organized collection of people, procedures, software, databases, and devices to create, store, share, and use the organization’s knowledge and experience
 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
 Computer system takes on characteristics of human intelligence

Specialized Business Information System
 Expert Systems
 Give computer ability to make suggestions and function like an expert in a particular field
 Virtual reality
 Simulation of a real or imagined environment that can be experienced visually in three dimensions
 Augmented reality

 Often called as “e-Commerce”, “eCommerce”,
“e-comm” or “e-Business”.
 Trading in products or services using computer networks, such as the Internet
(Wikipedia, 2014)

Information Systems in the Supply Chain
Raw materials
Inbound logistics/
Warehouse/
Storage
Production
ACTIVITIES
Packing/
Outbound logistics Customer service
Supplier
Purchasing Production Distribution
Internal Supply Chain
Customer
Supplier database
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Inbound tracking system/
Inventory control
Process control system
Automated packing and retrieval system system
Customer service tracking and control system

Functions of Information Systems in
Logistics
 Collaborative planning
 Forecasting
 Inventory management
 Order management
 Transport management
 Etc.

Challenges
 Standards
 Culture and language
 Time and distance
 Technology and infrastructure
 Currency and exchange rates
 Laws and legal aspects
 Privacy, permission and confidentiality

 Form four groups
 Discuss and criticize connections between the following challenges and information systems in Thailand
Group 1
 Laws
Group 2
 Culture
Group 3
 Infrastructure
Group 4
 Language
 Three minutes presentation

 Spilt into four groups.
 Build a Facebook page with an objective of anything .
 Promote your page. Aim for the highest likes as possible.
 Present your strategy on 25 September 2014.