IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
MONTREAL PROTOCOL IN
INDIA
&
NATIONAL OBLIGATION AND
COMMITMENT TO MONTREAL
PROTOCOL
Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol
 The Vienna Convention for the protection of the Ozone Layer was
signed in March 1985.
 The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone
Layer was signed on 16 September 1987.
 19th June 1991 : India became a Party to the Vienna convention.
 17th September 1992 : India became a Party to the Montreal
Protocol.
 March 2003, ratified the Copenhagen, Montreal and Beijing
Amendment.
MONTREAL PROTOCOL
Important Provisions of the Protocol are : • Article 2
: Controlled Substances
• Article 4
: Control of Trade
• Article 5
: Special Situation of
Developing Countries
: Reporting of Data
• Article 7
• Article 10
: Financial Mechanism &
Technology transfer
Amendments to the Protocol
London Amendment (1990)
Inclusion of additional controlled substances
(CFCs, Methyl Chloroform, CTC, etc)
Inclusion of HCFCs as transitional substances
Establishment of Financial Mechanism - Multilateral Fund
Ten year grace period for Article 5 countries.
Copenhagen Amendment (1992)
Inclusion of HCFCs,HBFCs and Methyl Bromide as controlled substances.
Montreal Amendment (1997)
Licensing system put in place
Beijing Amendment (1999)
Bromo chloromethane added as controlled substance for immediate phaseout.
Production control of HCFCs
Montreal Protocol - Framework
•Administrative and
secretarial support.
Ozone Secretariat
•Data collection.
•Coordination of Technical/
Economic assessments.
Multilateral Fund
Secretariat
Implementation of fund
related decisions of the
Meeting of Parties.
Cont...
Meeting of Parties
Role: Decision
making and
guidance
Multilateral Fund
Role :
Approval of
funds and
operational
decisions
Executive Committee
7 Developing and 7
Developed countries
World Bank
UNEP
UNDP
Implementing Agencies
UNIDO
BILATERAL
INDIA’S COMMITMENT TO THE
MONTREAL PROTOCOL
 India signed Montreal Protocol in 1992.
 Country Program for India was prepared in 1993.
 India has to comply with the following key
provisions of the Protocol : Article 2 : Controlled Substances
 Article 4 : Control of Trade
 Article 3 : Calculation of Control Levels
 Article 5 : Special Situation of developing countries
 Article 7 : Reporting of Data
Cont…
 As an Article 5 country, India needs to phaseout production and
consumption of ODS as per schedule specified in the Protocol.
 As an Article 5 country (developing country), India has 10 years
grace period and also eligible for financial and technical support
from the Multilateral Fund to phaseout production and
consumption of ODS.
LIST OF CONTROLLED SUBSTANCES
As per Article 2 of the Montreal Protocol, the total
number of controlled substances are 95.
The following controlled substances are produced
and consumed in India.
•CFC-11
•CFC-12
•CFC-113
•Halon-1211
•Halon-1301
•Methyl Chloroform
•Carbontetrachloride
•Methyl bromide
•HCFC-22, HCFC-141b and HCFC-123
Consumption of ODS in India
• Sl. No.
1.
• 2.
Sector
Foam
RAC
• 3.
• 4.
Aerosol
Solvent
• 5.
Fire
• 6.
Fumigant
Chemical Used
CFC-11, HCFC-141b
CFC-11, CFC-12, HCFC-22,
HCFC-123
CFC-11, CFC-12
CTC, Methyl Chloroform,
CFC-113
Halon – 1211, Halon - 1301
Extinguishers
Methyl Bromide
PRODUCTION & CONSUMPTION CONTROL SCHEDULE AS PER
MONTREAL PROTOCOL AND INDIA’S POSITION
ODS / Baseline
(Prod. & Cons.)
2005
2007
2010
2015
2040
CFC – P(22588 MT)
C(6681 MT)
50 %
85 %
100 %
NA
NA
Halon – P( 95 MT)
C(260 MT)
50 %
-
100 %
NA
NA
CTC – P(10507 MT)
C(10459 MT)
85 %
-
100 %
NA
NA
MCF – P( Nil )
C(1467 MT )
30 %
-
70 %
100 %
NA
MeBr – P(108 MT)
C( - )*
20 %
-
-
100 %
NA
-
-
-
-
100 %
HCFCs**
Baseline for CFC: 1995-97; Baseline for CTC: 1998-2000; Baseline for MeBr:1995-1998
Baseline for Halon: 1995-97; ** Baseline to be determined and reported in 2016.
Baseline of MCF: 1998-2000; *Baseline Cons. is 214 MT as Quarantine & Pre-shipment
Institutional Framework in India
MoEF
Ozone Cell
Empowered Steering
Committee
Standing
Committee for
small scale, tiny
and unorganised
industries
Technology
and Finance
standing
committee
Monitoring
and
evaluation
committee
Implementation
sub-committee
Establishment of Ozone Cell
OZONE CELL
INSTITUTIONAL STRENGTHENING PROJECT
DIRECTOR, MOEF
Joint Director
MOEF
Consultant
(UNDP)
Project
Management
Units (PMU)
Ozone Cell coordinates with Ministry of Finance, Commerce
(DGFT), Chemicals & Fertilizers and all Industry associations & all
Implementing Agencies and other institutions (IIT, NCL, IICT etc.
Summary of ODS Phase-out
Activities in All Sectors
Sector
No. of Projects
Phase-out
(ODP MT)
Aerosols Sector
27
689
Foams Sector
159
4,373
Firefighting Sector (Halon)
18
2,162
Refrigeration & Air
Conditioning Sector
49
3,203
Solvents Sector
41
12,966
Production Sector
(including Halons)
Total
2
22,988
296
46,381
Ongoing ODS Phaseout Activities
Activities
Production sector
gradual phase-out
project
National CFC
consumption phaseout plan (NCCoPP)
CTC Phase-out Plan
ODS covered
Production of AnnexA Group-I substances
(CFCs)
Consumption of
Annex-A Group-I
Substances (CFCs)
Type
Technical and financial
assistance to four main
CFC producers
Technical and financial
assistance for
investment & training
activities in the Foam
and Refrigeration
Sectors
Production and
Technical and financial
consumption of CTC assistance to CTC
as solvent and process producing & consuming
agent
enterprises.
ODS Alternatives
Sub-sector
Application
Alternative Technology
Domestic
Refrigeration
Household
Refrigerators
And Freezers
HFC-134a,HFC-152a,Blends and mixtures,
Hydrocarbons (for refrigerants) and HCFC-22, HCFC22+142b, HCFC-141b, Hydrocarbons for foaming)
Commercial
Refrigeration
Refrigerated
Cabinets
Water Coolers
Ice-candy machines
Walk-in coolers
HCFC-134a,HFC-152a,Blends and mixtures,
Hydrocarbons (for refrigerants) and HCFC-22, HCFC22+142b, Hydrocarbons (for foaming)
HCFC-22, HFC-134a
FCFC-22,HFC-134a (refrigerants) and HCFC-14b
(foaming)
Industrial
Refrigeration
Cold Storages
Process Chillers
HCFC-22,HFC-134a, Ammonia
HCFC-22,HFC-134a, Ammonia
Transport
Refrigeration
Perishable Transport HCFC-22, HFC-134a, Blends and mixtures
Air
Conditioning
Chillers Automotive
air conditioning
HCFC-123,HFC-134a,HCFC-22
HFC-134a, Blends and mixtures