What is Technical textile??
Principally
all those fabrics which
exhibit Performance or some desired
characteristics
Performance??
HOW TO CHECK PERFORMANCE?
“What can be measured, can be
Managed”
PETER DRUCKER
Do we need Protection??
AGAINST WHAT???
Some hard facts
Worldwide more than 2
million people die annually as
a result of accident at work or
vocation diseases.
Protection against our working Environment
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Oil Rigs & Refineries
Steel & Aluminum Furnace
Fire Rescue Department
Airlines and Crew and Ground Staff
Shipping lines crew
Racing Drivers and Support Crew
Power Generation and Distribution
Mining
Chemical Industry
Arms and Ammunition Industry
Constructions
Defense Forces
Protection Against Hazards
 Protection against Fire
 Protection against Heat
 Protection against Electric Arc
 Protection against Molten Steel & Aluminum
 Protection against Cuts
 Protection against Fall
 Protection against Sudden Impact
 Protection against static charge
Electrical Power & Distribution
 Need Protection against
Electric Arc.
 Need Protection against
Static charge.
 Need Protection against
heat.
What is Electric Arc
 Passage of Substantial
electric current thru
Ionized Air.
 Typically lasts less than a
second.
 Extremely high radiant
energy.
 Can Ignite or melt
Normal clothing.
Arc Flash Events
Arc Flash happens when
typically when Electrical
equipment
is
being
disconnected,
tested,
inspected or serviced. It
can be caused by:
 Accidental contact with
live parts.
 Insulation failure
 Close
proximity
of
conductive subject.
Power sector – Electric arc Protection
• Electric Companies in USA use
ASTM 1959/F for measuring the
ATPV arc rating.
Based on these ratings, fabrics are
classified as HRC class 1, HRC class 2
or HRC class 3.
•Electric Companies In Europe follow
standards of Electric Arc EN 61482-12:2007-03. Specified current value is
passed thru electrodes. The sample
kept at 1 ft distance. Purpose is to
save the wearer from 2nd Degree
Burns.
•EN 1149-5 is widely used as standard
for measurement against static charge
generation.
Oil Rigs and Refineries
• Need Protection against
Flash Fire.
•Flash fire is sudden burst
of energy for less than 3
seconds.
• Need Protection against
heat.
•Need Protection against
Flamability.
Possible hazards in Oil sector
 Flash Fire is Sudden
Intense Fire caused by
Ignition of Mixture of air
and Flammable solid or
gas
 It has high Temperature
and short duration.
 High visibility needed for
easy rescue.
 Exposure to heat and
flame in close proximity.
Standards for Oil Industry
ISO 17493:2000 : - testing at 180C the protection against
heat
Expected Result – Should not Ignite, Melt or Burn
ISO 15025:2000A – Put the substrate to edge ignition for
10 seconds..check Flame Spread.
Expected Result – No Flaming, holing, melting and
Afterglow.
Ralph test – less than 50% 2nd Degree burn on flash Fire
manikin test.
Standards used are ISO 11612, RALPH TEST and ASTM
6413.
EN 1149-3 for testing the fabrics antistatic charge
dissipation properties in the Low Humidity areas.
Steel & Aluminum Industry
Steel and Aluminum Industry
 Need Protection against
Molten metal( Aluminum
or steel) splash.
 These splash can cause
severe burns and can
cause death.
 Need Proetction rfom
High temperature.
 Need Protection from
Flash Fires.
Standards for Steel/Aluminum Industry
 EN 373 involves the checking number of molten
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drops on the fabric to make hole.
Different levels of D1, D2,D3 defined for Aluminum.
Levels E-1, E-2, E-3 defined for Steel.
Different Products have to be used based on the
applicable industry.
EN 13034 involves checking the garment against
Chemical splash.
EN 11612 is widely accepted standard for protection
against heat and Flamability.
Construction
• Protection against
Dust and filth
• Protection against
Sharp objects
• Protection against
low Visibility.
• Protection against
Welding ,gas cutting
gas cutting debris.
Standards for construction industry
 EN 470-1 (new standard
ISO 11611) for protection
against molten metal
spatter during welding.
 The standards consist of
testing against Limited
Flame spread (EN 532),
spatters of molten metal
(EN 348)
 Protection against Rubs,
tears and cuts.
Defense Forces

The success of military camouflage led to the
development
Based
on
equipment
of
surveillance
Near-IR
allows
technology.
technology,
identification
modern
of
the
personnel from surroundings in the dark.

This
means
military
camouflage
also
requires reflectance values in the Near- IR
range that matched the expected surrounding
topography.

For military personnel, it is necessary to wear
the appropriate clothing that attempts to
minimize the contrast between objects and
their environment over the NIR region in
addition to the visible region.
UAE Army Printed Fabric
Picture captured under Visual Light
Picture captured under IR Light
Reflectance Values for UAE Army
Wave length
[nm]
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
Beige
44.78
45.52
48.83
54.15
59.92
64.21
66.65
68.04
68.79
68.64
67.77
Lt Brown Md Brown Dk Brown
26.34
19.11
14.96
27.30
19.81
15.51
29.06
21.02
16.34
31.31
22.44
17.39
33.55
23.84
18.05
35.38
25.11
18.94
36.71
26.11
19.70
37.80
26.97
20.33
38.69
27.73
20.92
39.29
28.33
21.41
39.59
28.79
21.81
Reflectance Values for UAE Army
Sample with IRR finish shows perfect disruption in NIR region( 700-1200 nm).
UK Army Printed Fabric
Picture captured under Visual
Light
Picture captured under IR
Light
Reflectance Values for UK Army
Wavelength
[nm]
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1050
1100
1150
1200
Lt Green
30.75
35.90
37.63
39.54
41.49
43.68
45.49
46.92
47.88
48.29
48.79
Green
8.18
21.56
29.70
32.27
34.08
36.28
37.97
39.26
40.16
40.68
41.29
Brown
4.97
6.39
7.80
9.56
11.34
12.58
13.30
13.78
14.16
14.45
14.70
Black
6.10
7.60
8.91
10.16
11.39
12.08
12.54
12.86
13.14
13.39
13.58
Current Indian Scenario
 Safety in Industry is not given its Due Importance.
 Workers working at the Blast Furnace wear cotton cloths
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at best to avoid flame.
Construction Workers hardly have any protective belt or
gear.
Indian defense forces are happy with the basic
camouflage.
Safety standards are either derived from USA or Europe,
but they are hardly followed.
Accidents are hidden under the carpet to avoid claims.
PPE are kept for showcase.
Summarise the discussion
 Performance should be measured.
 Measurement has to be against needs.
 Needs of the Industry should be Expressed in terms of Values.
 Test methods need to be devised considering the
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requirements of the Industry.
Required standards need to be specified against these tests.
Tests and standards have to be relevant to the Industry.
The strong law enforcement for the standards is the key.
BIS has to play an Important role by conducting frequent
meetings of Standards committee including Industry
nominees.
ALOK INDUSTRIES
We are a new generation Textile company based in
India. We offer integrated textile solutions to Global
textile industry. We are having modern & vertical
integrated manufacturing facilities for producing
Apparel fabrics, Home Textiles, Garments &
Texturised polyester yarn. We have a knits production
facility also to complete our range.
We initiated this Business about 6 years back and
grown this business with the focused approach.
Understanding the requirements of the industry and
producing fabrics to suit its norma is the key of our
success.
We believe in constantly upgrading our selves as per
the global industry norms and buyer’s requirements.
ANY QUESTIONS???
THANK YOU
YOGESH KALIA