The DoD Computational Research and
Engineering Acquisition Tools and
Environments (CREATE) Program
Dr. Douglass Post
Chief Scientist and CREATE Program Manager
DoD High Performance Computing Modernization Program
NDIA Workshop, 1 Feb 2011, Arlington, VA
NDIA CREATE-D.Post
2/1/2011 Page-1
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
DoD HPC Modernization Program
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
DoD HPC Modernization Program
In 2011, DoD HPCMP will
have 5 centers, with
2x1015 FLOPs
& 200,000 processors
Software Development
Supports 5 Institutes,
CREATE and
Education
High Bandwidth, Low
Latency Network
Linking 284 sites
Gather Service and
Agency
Requirements and
Allocate Resources
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2/1/2011 Page-3
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
What Do We Want To
Accomplish Today?
• Describe the DoD CREATE program and paradigm
• Describe how CREATE and the paradigm of
multiphysics-based computational engineering can
help the US defense industry design, deliver and
sustain DoD weapons systems in less time with
lower risks
• Start engaging with US defense industries to
ensure that CREATE will help enable US defense
industries to directly support DoD acquisition
• Describe the current and future technical
capabilities of CREATE
• Begin to use NDIA as a vehicle to connect CREATE
and the HPCMP computer centers to the US
Defense Industry
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2/1/2011 Page-4
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Acquisition Takes Too Long!
Major root causes:
• Rapidly changing requirements
• Continuing pressure to deliver complex systems faster
• A build and test methodology that results in problems
being discovered late in the acquisition process
Root causes lead to:
• Extensive testing to identify flaws and integration problems
• Extensive rework to fix design flaws and integration problems
Impact:
• Delays to fix problems
• Large technical, schedule and budget risks
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE Programmatic Objectives
and Concept
• Objective: Sustain the US military competitive advantage by
developing and deploying scalable multiphysics-based
computational engineering tools to design and analyze DoD
weapons system performance
– Produce optimized designs with fewer defects and design flaws
– Reduce testing and rework to enable faster system development and
deployment
• How?
– Supplement physical testing with multiphysics-based computational
performance predictions specifically targeted to complex DoD
systems
• Ancillary benefit
– Higher productivity for the shrinking number of US defense
community engineers and scientists
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Testing Conundrum
• Weapons systems are increasing in complexity
– Need more complex testing in face of pressure to reduce testing facilities and test
time for all phases of acquisition
• Multiphysics-based performance predictions can improve testing
effectiveness and efficiency
– Supplement and partially replace real prototypes with virtual prototypes
– Frees testing community to identify and understand the phenomena that determine
system behavior
• Example1: For wind tunnels, physics-based computational
engineering models can REDUCE:
1.
2.
3.
“Overall testing workload through identifying the most important data to take rather
than “One Factor at a Time” approaches and using condensing calculated
performance and accessing it with non-linear systems identification (SID) methods
Down stream effects of late defect discovery on total development cycle time
Amount of testing required to determine support interference or wind tunnel wall
effects or to better understand scaling issues from wind tunnel to flight conditions”
1Kraft,
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E., “Integrating Computational Science and Engineering with Testing to Re-engineer the
Aeronautical Development Process.” AIAA 2010-139. CREATE AV Board of Directors chair
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Present Product Development Process
Iterated Design  Build  Test Cycles
Requirements
Design
Build
Physical Product
(Many) Design
iterations
Manufacture,
Test
Physical Product Sustain, and
Modify
F-22 Flight Test
• Long time to market
– Requires many lengthy and expensive
design/build/test iteration loops
• Process converges slowly
– Process is rigid, not responsive to new requirements
– Design flaws discovered late in process leading to rework
– Systems Integration happens late in process
NDIA CREATE-D.Post
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
MultiPhysics-Based Performance Analysis
Increases Productivity for Complex Systems
Requirements
Design on
Computer
Build Mesh
Analyze
Performance
(Many) Design iterations
Groundbased and
Flight Tests
• Reduced design and development time
– Highly scalable computational performance analysis of
virtual prototypes reduces the need to test real prototypes
• Process converges much faster
– Process is flexible, very responsive to new requirements
– Design flaws early in process reducing rework
– Systems Integration happens at every step of the process
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Manufacture,
Sustain, and
Modify
This Paradigm Has Been
Proven Successful in Industry
Flight Radial
Requirements
• Reduced time to
market from 3 years
to less than 1 year
• In 2009, Goodyear
introduced 62 new
products using this
process
Design and
Mesh Virtual
Product
Analyze and Test Build and Test
Virtual Product
Physical Product
Market
Design
iterations
Fortera
TripleTred
Miller, L.K., “Simulation-Based Engineering for
Industrial Competitive Advantage.” Computing in
Science and Engineering, 12, pp. 14–21, 2010.
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Performance Analysis of Virtual Prototypes
Is the Key
Concept
Development
Engineering Development
A
Mission
Need
Determination
Material
Solution
Analysis
AOA
B
Technology
Development
Post Development
C
Engineering and
Manufacturing Development
IOC
Production and
Deployment
FOC
Operation
and Support
Virtual Integrated Prototyping Environment
Experimental Sub-System
Prototypes
Experimental System
Prototypes
Inject physics into design early and all through the process!
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
The 1015 increase in computer power
since 1945 can enable us to develop
and deploy codes during the next
decade that are much more powerful
than past tools:
– Utilize accurate solution methods
– Include all the effects we know to be
important
– Model a complete system
– Complete parameter surveys in hours
rather than days to weeks to months
•
•
In ~ 10 years, workstations will be as
powerful as today’s supercomputers
Greatest opportunities for 2020 (and
2010) include large-scale codes that
integrate many multi-scale effects to
model a complete system
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Computing Power For The World's
Fastest Computer
Floating Point Operations/sec
108
106
Supercomputers
104
Cores
•
Performance (GFLOPs/sec)
Enabling Technology
100
1
0.01
Workstation
Performance
0.0001
10-61940
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020
Year
Moore’s “Law”
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
What is CREATE?
• CREATE is a DoD program to develop and deploy
multiphysics-based software for engineering design
and analysis of:
• Air Vehicles (AV)
– Aerodynamics, structural mechanics, propulsion, control, …
• Ships
– Shock vulnerability, hydrodynamics, concept design
• Radio Frequency (RF) Antennas
– RF Antenna electromagnetics and integration with platforms
• Mesh and Geometry (MG) Generation
– Rapid generation of mesh and geometry representations
CREATE tools support all stages of acquisition from rapid
early stage design to full life-cycle sustainment
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
F-35
CREATE-AV Product Development
and Deployment
DaVinci targets early-phase acquisition engineering
(conceptual design)
Kestrel is a high-fidelity, full-vehicle, multi-physics
analysis tool for arbitrary fixed-wing aircraft
Helios
Helios is a high-fidelity, full-vehicle, multi-physics
analysis tool for arbitrary rotary-wing aircraft
Firebolt is a module for propulsion systems in
fixed and rotary-wing air vehicles.
Firebolt
A CREATE-AV Software Product
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Module includes engineering models of propulsion
systems suitable for conceptual studies and also
high-fidelity, multi-physics simulation.
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE – Ships Product Components
 Rapid Design and Integration
–
Rapid development, assessment, and integration of candidate
ship designs to avoid cost versus capability mismatches
–
Partnership with ONR & NAVSEA
 Ship Shock & Damage
–
Provide analysis of shock and damage effects and reduce need
for tests to assess ship shock and damage effects
 Ship Hydrodynamics
–
Accelerate and improve all stages of ship hydrodynamic design
(seaway loads, sea keeping, resistance…)
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE – Radio Frequency (RF)
Product Component
 SENTRI enables antenna design integrated with platforms
–
Able to calculate multiple antenna arrays for small- and large-scale systems (small
UAVs  ships)
● Staged capability
–
Rapid design – coarse resolution with fast, first-order codes for small antenna
systems
–
High fidelity detailed design, high-resolution complex antenna systems integrated
with large platforms
–
Enabled by improved computational algorithms (n3  n log n scaling improvement)
Small
Less Complex
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Larger
Highly Complex
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CAPSTONE – CREATE-MG Product
Overview
CAPSTONE provides geometry and
meshing needs for all phases of
acquisition engineering (conceptual-,
preliminary-, detailed-design and
operational-support)
CAPSTONE: Core
CAPSTONE: Frontend
Produce analyzable representations
for complex and detailed analysis
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Enable parametric, associative geometry and
meshes in AV:DaVinci, Ships:RDI;
geometry-based mesh adaptivity
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE Is a Multi-Service,
Multi-institutional Program
HPCMP Executing
Agent
HPCMP Director
Official HPCMP
Advisory Panel
CREATE Program
Ships Project
NSWCCarderock
Air Vehicles Project
NAVAIR, Patuxent
River
NAVYRANS
NSWCCarderock,
Kestrel
Eglin AFB
Integrated Hydro
Design
Environment
NSWC-Carderock
Shadow-Ops
NAVAIR, Patuxent
River
Navy Enhanced
Sierra Mechanics
NSWC-Carderock
Rapid Design
NAVSEA 05D
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RF Antennas Project
AFRL, WPAFB
SENTRI
Helios
Army, Ames
DaVinci
ASC & AFRL
Firebolt
AEDC
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Mesh &
Geometry
Project
NRL
Capstone
CREATE is a Distributed Set of
Teams at DoD Engineering Centers
AV
U of Wy
AMES
ETI
SPAWAR
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SNL
AFRL SNL
SNL
Ships RF
U of
Iowa
MG
U of
Mich
ASC
AFRL
HPCMP
Penn
State CERDEC
Pax River
AEDC
46th Test
Wing
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
HPCMP
Carderock
NAVSEA
Indian Head
ONR
NRL
The CREATE Approach
• Software is being built by government-led teams
• Each product is released following a roadmap
– Each year there is a release of a usable application
– Each release builds on the previous release and adds the increased
capability called for in the roadmap
– Each release is beta-tested by targeted user communities before a broader
release
– Each release goes through a rigorous V&V process
• Releases are progressively more scalable for massively
parallel computers and responsive to user requirements
• CREATE Program is guided by DoD service acquisition
engineering organizations and their senior leadership and
US defense industry (where possible)
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Software Engineering Focused on Producing
High Quality Engineering Software Tools
•
Goal is maintainable, extensible, portable and
reliable software products developed with the right
balance of agility and flexibility and short and long
term planning based
Use Software Engineering Processes Specifically
Designed for Technical Software
Documents: ICD +….
•
•
–
•
Manuals: Technical, Developer, User (+ training, tutorials, sample input
and output,…)
V&V is a key priority
–
–
–
•
Verification at every level
Validation as much as feasible (large potential role for defense industry)
Beta testing a key opportunity for defense industry input
User support and training
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE is Guided by Senior Science and
Technology Leaders From the Services
HPCMP Executing Agent
Official HPCMP Advisory
Panel
Cray Henry (Director)
CREATE Program
Douglass Post, IPA (PM)
Luanne Handley-Blair (Dep PM)
Ships
Air Vehicles
Myles Hurwitz, IPA (PM)
Robert Keane (con.)
Robert Meakin, IPA (PM)
Chris Atwood (Dep)
John D’Angelo (PM)
Board of Directors
Board of Directors
Board of Directors
 *RADM
Thomas Eccles,
NAVSEA Chief Engineer
 Dr. Walter Jones, SES,
Executive Director, ONR
 Mr. C.F. Snyder, SES,
33Technical Director,
NSWC, Carderock
Division
 Mr. Glen Sturtevant,
Director, S&T, PEO,
SHIPS
 Mr. Cray Henry, Director,
HPCMP
*Board of Director Chairs
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 *Dr.
Ed Kraft, ST, Chief
Technologist, AEDC/CZ
 Samuel T Crews, U.S. Army
Aviation and Missile Research,
Development, and Engineering
Center
 Mr. Richard Gilpin, Director,
AIR-4.3 NAVAIR
 Mr. Tom Rudowsky, Director,
NAVAIR), (IBST)
 Dr. Michael Scully, ST,
Aeroflightdynamics Directorate
(AMRDEC), U.S. Army
RDECOM
 Mr. Cray Henry, Director,
HPCMP
MG
RF Antennas

*Dr. Frederick Tokarz, SES, Senior
Leader, AF ASC Engineering
Directorate
 Mr. Dennis DeCarlo, Chief Antenna
Systems Engineer, NAVAIR
 Dr. Betsy Delong, ONR RF Antenna
contact PEO (SHIPS)
 Dr. Janet Fender, SES, Chief
Scientist, AF Air Combat Command
 Dr. Mahbub Hoque, Chief Scientist
(STCD), CERDEC
 Dr. Robert Peterkin, ST, Chief
Scientist, AFRL Directed Energy
Directorate
 Mr. Cray Henry, Director, HPCMP
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Saikat Dey (PM)
Board of Directors
 *Dr.
Robert Meakin, PM
CREATE Air Vehicles
 Mr. Myles Hurwitz,
CREATE Ships Project
Manager
 Dr. Sudip Sodanjh,
Computational
Engineering Leader, SNL
 Dr. John D’Angelo,
CREATE RF Antenna
Project Manager
 Mr. Cray Henry, Director,
HPCMP
36 Months After Program Start,
CREATE Has Delivered Usable Software
•
5 beta releases in FY09/10 with V&V and ~150 beta testers:
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
10 releases planned for FY10/11 and each succeeding year
Helios 2.0, Kestrel 2.0, SENTRI 2.0, NESM 1.0 and IHDE 2.0 plus:
–
–
–
•
Helios 1.0—Accurate calculation of rotorcraft vortex shedding
Kestrel 1.0—Rigid body CFD fixed wing AV with preliminary aeroelastics
SENTRI 1.0 and 1.5—Initial RF antenna design and analysis with V&V
NESM 0.1—Initial ship shock vulnerability analysis for underwater explosions
IHDE 1.0—Initial user interface for ship hydrodynamics
Rapid design: RDI 1.0 for Ships, DaVinci 1.0 for Aircraft plus SENTRI 2.0
Components: CAPSTONE 1.0 for geometry and mesh, Firebolt 1.0 for gas turbines
Detailed ship hydrodynamics NavyFoam 1.0 (seakeeping, drag, resistance,…)
Developing approaches to improve scalability
Kestrel vs. F-16 Flight Data
M=0.95, Alt.=10,000 ft
More accurate vortex shedding
Antenna Radiation Near Fields
Free Space
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE-AV Developed An Architecture to
Facilitate Multi-physics Integration
“Light-Weight” Infrastructure – Highly Scalable and Modular
(available as executable)
Structural Dynamics Solvers
Comprehensive
Fluid Structure
Interaction
Control
Laws
FEM
Aircraft Trim
Autopilot
On-the-Fly Data
Harvesting
…
Well defined APIs
available for use
by industry for
proprietary
modules OR for
DoD to leverage
innovations from
research
community
Industry
Tools
Event-Based Infrastructure
…
Cartesian
Propulsion
Strand
Unstruc
Curvilinear
Aerodynamics Solvers
6-DOF
Research
Tools
Force/Moment
Calculator
Stubs represent Application
Program Interfaces (APIs)s
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Early Success
Rapid Deployment of EP-3E
•
•
Shadow-Ops: CREATE staff use computational tools
to support acquisition programs  provide
experience and establish connections and value
Performed CFD analysis of impact of electronic
countermeasure pod for EP-3E flight clearance–Not
sufficient time for conventional process (flight tests)
–
–
–
•
•
•
Eliminated construction cost of wind tunnel model and tests and
need for contractor flying quality report.
Provided aircraft flying qualities characteristics within required time
frame.
Provided data required to issue flight clearance in time for direct
deployment.
Reduced overall program cost and time
Only 1 flying qualities flight test required – Saving
between 3–4 flight tests
System was deployed in the forward theatre in less
than four months instead of twelve
New Forward
POC: Ms. Ryan
Fitzgerald, FQ
Engineer NAVAIR
4.3.2.5
Component
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
HPCMP Computer Centers
• CREATE is part of the DoD High Performance Computing
Modernization Program (HPCMP)
• The HPCMP has five large computer centers with 200,000
cores and 2 Peta-FLOPS, and upgrades this capability
annually
• CREATE is being linked to these centers
• HPCMP has a vision to open up their computer centers to
the US defense acquisition community (both government
and industry)
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
What the HPCMP Offers
•
•
•
•
•
Approximately a dozen large HPC systems from a variety of
vendors at five DoD Shared Resource Centers
Connectivity to these centers via a capable wide-area network
– the Defense Research and Engineering Network
Expert help in all aspects of setting up accounts and using
HPC systems through the Consolidated Customer Assistance
Center and the User Productivity Enhancement, Technology
Transfer and Training program
Access to many commercial applications software packages
for analysis
HPCMP is seeking descriptions of industry use cases for high
performance computer usage
– Problem domains, engineering workflows, user interfaces, software tools, entry
and access processes, software application requirements, etc.  questionnaire
in back of room
All members of the DoD RDT&E community are eligible
to access and use these capabilities.
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE Is For Government and
US Defense Industry Engineers
• CREATE can reduce the acquisition time and risks for complex
DoD air vehicles, ships and RF antennas
• CREATE adoption by DoD engineering community is important for
US defense competitiveness
• CREATE, through the NDIA, is seeking your guidance and input to
develop tools that will be useful to you and will be adopted and
used by you
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
But….
• Constraints exist
– Need to maintain US competitive advantage
 US government control of distribution (e.g. export control), and retention
of unlimited use rights
– Must provide “Equal and fair access” for all the US defense companies
• Support needs can overwhelm the small CREATE
development teams (~ 5 to 7 developers per team)
– 10 teams for a total program staff ~ 75 professionals (government, industry
and academia)
– Software is maturing rapidly but is generally not yet ready for heavy usage
– CREATE will need to build up the capability to support their user community
– Support effort needs to be balanced with development , and we likely need
more resources
• Tools are not yet mature, but are maturing
– Early CY2011, ~ 5 products are releasing version 2
– Late CY2011, other 5 will release either version 1 or 2
– CY2012, repeat with version n+1
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
CREATE Needs Your Help to Ensure
That You Can Use The CREATE Tools
• CREATE needs beta testers
– Get feedback from your engineers to ensure that we meet your needs and don’t
spend years producing tools that are not useful
• CREATE needs information on your workflows and design
processes
– Need to know what our targeted user community needs
• CREATE needs product models and validation data
– Codes are only a model of nature and must be validated
– Need good initial conditions and validation data
– CREATE team has security clearances and access to secure computers
(export controlled  classified computing at all levels)
• CREATE needs your recommendations for the technical capability
required for your problems
– NDIA Participation in technical reviews and discussions of the CREATE tools
– Tell us “Have we got it right?” and “How we can make it better.”
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Additional References
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Physics-based Engineering Software
Helped The US Win Cold War.
• Nuclear weapons
are complex,
expensive, and
hard to test
• ~ 5 to 10 tests
per system
• DOE NNSA uses
computational
tools for:
• Design
development,
optimization, &
analysis.
• DOE NNSA labs
own the biggest
supercomputers
Testing
1,000,000
GigaFlops/s
Computational
Design
2010
Weapon Capability
Improved safety
Improved robustness
NIF
Test ban
Underground
Air Tests
NDIA CREATE-D.Post
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Computer Power
Improved yield
to weight
Increasing
Computational Design
Capability
MIRV
(even lighter,
smaller)
SLBM
Improvements over time:
(even lighter,
• Solution methods
smaller)
• Spatial resolution
• Temporal resolution ICBM
(Lighter,smaller)
• Geometric fidelity
•1-D to 2-D to 3-D
Heavy
• Physics models
Hydrogen
Bombs
0.000000001 • …….
Atomic Bombs
GigaFlops/s
1945
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
It Takes a Village!
• Sponsors  Provide mission, resources and support
− Designers—End-users
 Engineers to use the tools to design products
− Codes
 Takes a good team ~ 10 years and ~ $100M to develop a
complex code
− V&V
 Dedicated experiments and tests
− Computers
 Capability to develop codes and run the problems quickly
and conveniently
NDIA CREATE-D.Post
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Developing These Codes Takes A
Large Team A Long Time
2003
~20
From: D. Post, R. Kendall and E. Whitney, “Case Study of the Falcon Code Project”,
Proceedings of the Workshop on Software Engineering for High Performance Computing,
International Conference on Software Engineering, May 15, 2005, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Development of Science-Based Software is Complex!
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Development of Science-Based Software is Risky!
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Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Incremental Development and
Deployment in Annual Releases
10-12
years
Fielding Capability,…
Rel 11
Rel 10
ExaFLOP (1018 FLOPs) computers
Rel 9
Stages
6-9
years
Rel 8
Rel 7
PetaFlop
(1015 FLOPs)
computers
Rel 6
Rel 5
Rel 4
Improve scalability,…
Rel 2
years
1-5
Rel 3
Rel 1
1
NDIA CREATE-D.Post
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Physics integration tests,…
Develop Initial Requirements and Plans
4
Year
8
Distribution Statement A: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
12
Kestrel SE Docs
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38
Helios SE Docs
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39
Firebolt SE Docs
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40
DaVinci SE Docs
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41