a Scottish public health priority

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Violence prevention – a public health priority

Philip Conaglen

Annette Gallimore

ScotPHN is hosted by

Project Group

Project Sponsor – Susan Webb, Acting DPH, NHS

Grampian

Lead author – Philip Conaglen, CPHM, NHS Lothian

Researcher, Annette Gallimore, NHS Lothian

Will Linden, Analyst Co-ordinator, Violence Reduction

Unit

ScotPHN (Phil Mackie, Ann Conacher, Gillian

McCartney)

WHO Definition, 2002

“ The intentional use of physical force of power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community that either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation .”

Project Framework:

Section A - Context

Literature Review

• Policy review and mapping

Epidemiological assessment

Section B – Preventing and reducing violence

Overview of violence

Identification of toolkits etc

Translating effective interventions into new settings etc

Police recorded violent crimes in Scotland

(2012-13)

Non-sexual crimes of violence

Sexual offences

Common assault

Total

(Scottish Govt. (2013) Statistical Bulletin)

7,530

7,693

60,955

76,178

Scottish Community Justice Services estimates of violent crimes identified in 2012-13, 52% not reported

Comparison of various police reported violent crimes between 2008 –09 and 2012–

13 and percentage change in Scotland

2008 –09 2012–13

% change

Homicide

Attempted murder & serious assault

Robbery

Rape and attempted rape

Sexual assault

Source: Scottish Government 2013 Statistical Bulletin

134

6,472

2,963

963

3,297

91

3,643

1,832

1,462

3,008

–32%

–43%

–38%

+52%

–9%

Shared Causes of Violence at

Ecological Levels – Bellis et al (2012)

Individual

Victim of child abuse

Ecological level

Relationship

Poor parenting practices

Community

Poverty

Society

Economic inequality

Shared causes of violence

Psychological/ personality disorder

Delinquent behaviour

Marital discord

Violent parental conflict

High unemployment Gender inequality

High crime levels Cultural norms that support violence

Alcohol consumption/ drug use Low socioeconomic household Local illicit drug trade High firearm availability

Delinquent peers Inadequate victim care services

Weak economic safety nets

Interventions to address the following forms and contexts of violence

• Youth violence

• Intimate partner violence

• Child abuse

• Suicide

• Elder abuse

• Sexual violence

• Violence against people with disability

• Substance use and violence

• Other forms of violence eg FGM, honour based, stalking, harassment

ScotPHN is hosted by

Initiative

Operation Perrygold

Partner organisations

Police Scotland

Aim

Dedicated patrol of Sauchie area, Clackmannanshire, to tackle youth disorder and prevent violence; to reduce number of complaints of antisocial behaviour; engage with young people and prevent disorder related violence

Evaluation

No

Active targeting of high risk offenders

Police Scotland; Aberdeenshire

Council; Community Safety

Services; social work; housing;

NHS Grampian; Women’s Aid

To deliver victim-based interventions whilst the offender is in police custody Unknown

Conflict workshops resolution Police Scotland; Aberdeenshire

Council; SACRO

SACRO to deliver conflict resolution workshops in two secondary schools identified as "hot spots" for antisocial behaviour. To address challenging behaviour within schools; reduce incidents of bullying; enable young people to understand conflict and how to deal with it appropriately.

Unknown

Connect Service

Drugs

Service

Barnado’s; Aberdeen

Council; Police Scotland

City Works with young people who are involved in offending and risk taking behaviours, including those who have committed offences relating to violence or at risk from violence

No

Action/Quay

Barnado’s; Action Aberdeen

To educate and help prevent violence against female prostitutes Unknown

GP gender violence pilot based NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde To provide training and support to GP practice staff to support pro-active enquiry on domestic abuse; to improve and speed up access to information and referral into local specialist domestic abuse support services

No

Gender based violence amongst people with learning disabilities

NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde

Mental Health Services;

Women’s Support Project

Improving identification of experiences of GBV amongst service users with learning disabilities

Yes

“ My attitude to peace is rather based on the

Burmese definition of peace - it really means removing all the negative factors that destroy peace in this world. So peace does not mean just putting an end to violence or to war, but to all other factors that threaten peace, such as discrimination, such as inequality, poverty.”

Aung San Suu Kyi

Steering Group

Lucy Denvir

Moira Paton

Anne Clarke

Christine Goodall

Karyn McCluskey

Linzie Liddell

Katie Cosgrove

Linda Irvine

Nic Amos

Clare Collin

Karen McGuigan

Lesley Johnston

Nigel Calvert

Consultant in Public Health

Head of Community & Health

Improvement Planning

Senior Manager, Public Health

Senior Clinical Lecturer Oral Surgery

School of Medicine

Co-Director

Community Safety Unit

NHS Tayside

NHS Highland

NHS Ayrshire & Arran

College of Medical, Veterinary and Life

Sciences University of Glasgow

Violence Reduction Unit

Scottish Government

National Programme Manager NHS Health Scotland

Strategic Programme Mgr – Mental NHS Lothian

Health and Wellbeing

Health Improvement Specialist

Community Safety Unit

NHS Borders

Scottish Government

Health Improvement

GBV Adviser

Consultant Public Health Medicine

NHS Lanarkshire

NHS Lothian

NHS Dumfries&Galloway

Scottish Public Health Network

www.scotphn.net

nhs.healthscotland-scotphn@nhs.net

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