SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
1
THEORY AND PERSPECTIVE
Psychology as a science emerged in late 1800.
-Structuralism (Titchener); Mind follows
“structures”. Able to find structures able to
find truth.
-Functionalism (James); How does the mind work,
psychological processes. Can tell you how one
can survival.
2
THEORY AND PERSPECTIVE
Psychoanalytic Perspective (Freud)
Person lives in two realms, Conscious and
Unconscious.
Person mainly Unconscious with a small proportion
Conscious. The two (conscious and unconscious)
are unaware of each other with the exception of
moments of Preconsciousness.
Preconscious is small crack in the window to the
Unconscious.
∞
3
THEORY AND PERSPECTIVE
Psychoanalytic Perspective (Freud)
Defined self as three parts (selves). Id, selfish /
hedonistic desires and basic instincts; Superego,
higher conscious and socially adjusted; Ego,
mediator of Id and Superego.
Ego in constant struggle with trying to satisfy the needs
of the Id and Superego in a realistic (conscious) way.
∞
4
THEORY AND PERSPECTIVE
Branching off Freudian Psychoanalytic
Psychology
-Erikson, psychosocial stages
-Adler, individual psychology
-Jung, archetypes and collective unconscious
∞
-many more…
5
OTHER THEORIES AND PERSPECTIVES
Humanistic Psychology (Maslow, Rogers)individual’s potential.
Cognitive Psychology-Understanding physical
structures (anatomy) and mental processes to
understand a person’s mind.
Behaviorism (Pavlov, Skinner)-Understanding
observable behavior and environmental influences
thus equating the person.
Social Learning Theory (Rotter, Bandura)- social
environment and context in determining behavior.
6
WHAT IS SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY?
The thought, feeling, and behavior of
individuals’ as shaped by the actual, imagined,
or implied presence of others. G.W. Allport
7
Figure 1.1
8
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY’S BIG IDEAS
We Construct Our Social Reality
We
react differently because we think differently
Objective reality
Beliefs about others
Beliefs about ourselves
What Theories and/or Perspectives would explain
why we think differently?
9
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY’S BIG IDEAS
Our Social Intuitions Are Often Powerful but
Sometimes Perilous (Wrong)
Dual
processing
Conscious
- deliberate
Unconscious - automatic
10
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY’S BIG IDEAS
Social Influences Shape Our Behavior
Locality
Educational
level
Subscribed media
Culture
Ethnicity
11
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY’S BIG IDEAS
Personal Attitudes and Dispositions
Internal
forces
Inner
attitudes about specific situations
temperament, emotional intelligence “?”, intelligent
quotient (IQ)
Personality
dispositions
Different
people may react differently while facing the
same situation
12
SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY’S BIG IDEAS
Social Behavior Is Biologically Rooted
Evolutionary
Natural
Social
We
psychology
selection predisposes our actions and reactions
neuroscience
are bio-psycho-social organisms
13
0
