Power Presentations CHAPTER 2 Immigration and Migration Image The year is 1510. You live in a European port town and have heard exciting tales about mysterious lands across the sea. You decide to join a voyage of exploration in search of fortune. Would you join a voyage of exploration? • What do you think led people like Balboa to explore distant lands? • What reasons would make you want to join a voyage of exploration? • What reasons would keep you from joining a voyage of exploration? 1497 Cabot searches for Northwest Passage. 1521 Cortés conquers Mexico. 1535 Cartier leads expedition up St. Lawrence River. 1539-1542 Coronado, de Soto, and Cabrillo explore different parts of North America. Image 1565 Spanish found St. Augustine. 1609 Hudson searches for Northwest Passage. 1626 Dutch buy Manhattan Island. To World 1680 Popé leads Pueblo Revolt and forces Spanish from New Mexico. 1494 Spain and Portugal agree to Treaty of Tordesillas. 1542 King of Spain issues laws for better treatment of Native Americans. 1588 English navy defeats Spanish Armada. 1644 Manchus establish Qing Dynasty in China. 1651 English Parliament passes Navigation Act. Back to N. America Back to Home Main Idea Spain claimed a large empire in the Americas. Why It Matters Now The influence of Spanish culture remains strong in modern America. What are four events that show how Spain built its empire? 1492 1494 Treaty of Tordesillas. 1513 Balboa reaches the Pacific. 1521 Cortés conquers Mexico. 1531 Pizarro conquers Peru. 1542 Image • Why did Europeans explore different territories? • Why did Spain succeed in conquering so much of the Americas? • What was significant about the Magellan expedition? Comparing What was similar about the conquests of Mexico and Peru? Think About • the conquistadors • the size of their armies Back to Home Main Idea Other European countries competed with Spain for control over territory in the Americas. Why It Matters Now European culture has strongly influenced American culture. Map How did European nations compete for power? England Sent Cabot to search for Northwest Passage (1497). Defeated Spanish Armada (1588). France Established Fort Caroline (1564) and Quebec (1608). Netherlands Explored along the Hudson River. Spain Took over Florida. Built empire in Central and South America. Image • What were the English, French, and Dutch searching for in their early voyages of exploration? • How did England defeat the Spanish Armada? • Where did the French and Dutch set up their first American colonies? Making Inferences Why do you think England founded colonies later than Spain did? Think About • conditions in Spain and England • the lands each country discovered Back to Home Main Idea Spanish rule in the Americas had terrible consequences for Native Americans and Africans. Why It Matters Now The effects of slavery, including racism, helped shape attitudes and social conditions in the United States. Compare the experience of Native Americans and Africans under slavery. Native Americans • Could run away because friends and family were nearby • Died of disease • Faced hard work and abuse • Were subjects of laws regulating treatment Africans • Had little opportunity to escape • Immune to many European diseases • Faced hard work and abuse • What were the four levels of Spanish colonial society? • Why did Europeans bring Africans to the Americas? • How did enslaved Africans respond to their enslavement in the Americas? Recognizing Effects What were the positive and negative effects of the Columbian Exchange? Map Think About • disease • food • livestock Back to Home REVIEW QUESTIONS ANSWERS: READ AND TAKE NOTES 1 What were three reasons for the European voyages of exploration in the 1400s and 1500s? 2 Who conquered the Aztecs and Incas? 3 What three reasons explain Spain’s success in building an empire in the Americas? 4 What was the Northwest Passage? 5 Why did the Spanish Armada attack England? 6 What did the French and Dutch colonists trade? 7 How did Spanish rule affect Native Americans? 8 How did the middle passage get its name? 9 Why did the Spanish and Portuguese use slave labor in their colonies? 10 How did the Columbian Exchange affect Europe? Back to Home Taking Notes EVENT/IDEA NOTES Exploration Goals of exploration: spread Christianity, expand empires, gain riches. Spanish explore Central America and southern North America. Establishing Colonies Reasons for Spanish success: disease, weapons, alliances with some Native Americans. Life in colonies is organized around encomiendas, haciendas, and missions. European Competition Treaty of Tordesillas (1493) sets boundary for Spanish and Portuguese exploration. Spanish attacks French at Fort Caroline (1564). English sea dogs attack Spanish shipping. Defeat of Spanish Armada (1588). Back to Home Taking Notes EVENT/IDEA NOTES Columbian Exchange Items brought to the Americas: diseases, livestock, grains, onions, citrus fruits, olives, grapes, bananas, sugar cane. Items brought to the Eastern Hemisphere: tobacco, squash, turkey, quinine, peppers, cocoa, peanuts, potatoes, corn. Origins of Slavery Modern slavery was established in the Americas to provide labor in mines and plantations. Slave trade grew quickly between Africa and the Americas. Back to Home These labels let you know where you are in the presentation. When you click on the arrow you will be linked to a related visual. Map Image These buttons link you to special areas. Use these buttons to go back to the previous slide, or to move forward in the presentation. To reveal the content of a slide just press the space bar or click your mouse once. To use a button, move your pointer over the button. When your pointer becomes a hand, click your mouse. Back to Previous