Today:
Assessment
Protection
Strategy
Program
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS – LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Identify the importance, purpose, and
principles of effective assessment and
analysis in overall food security processes.
2. Describe the role of the cluster coordinator in
coordinating and supporting assessments
and analysis of food security within a cluster
framework.
3. Identify various tools, frameworks, and
standards used to collect and analyse data.
Assessment and Analysis
The future just isn’t
what it used to be!
Grandma
Assessment and Analysis
In times of great change, learners inherit the earth,
while the learned find themselves beautifully equipped for
a world that no longer exists.
Challenging Assumptions
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
KEY MESSAGES
• Assessment and analysis drive strategy and
response
• Cluster provides assessment and analysis
coordination and support
• Joint/shared assessments are ideals but ensuring
coordinated assessment is more important
• Shared analysis is the most important aim
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
RELEVANCE
Why is this subject covered?
Cluster staff need to understand the importance of food security
sector assessment and analysis and their role in coordination.
They must also have a basic understanding of the various
assessment and analysis tools available.
How does this relate to my day to day tasks?
Cluster staff help guide the joint or coordinated assessment and
analysis performed together by cluster partners in order to set the
stage for coordinated development of a coherent food security
sector strategy.
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND
ANALYSIS – WHY
IMPORTANT?
Project planning &
implementation by individual
organizations –
Sector analysis, planning &
monitoring by the Cluster
Assessment and Analysis
FOOD SECURITY CLUSTER- TOR
Guidance for
Coordination
Actions
Coordinated
What does the FSC do?
1.
Ensure predictable and accountable leadership
2.
Represent the food security community in the different country level fora
3.
Support coordination in assessment planning and response, strategy
4.
Develop benchmarks and indicators
5.
Advocacy for entire food security community, not just specific partners
6.
Strengthen national/local systems
7.
Ensure quality of response, promotion of appropriate standards and
delivery of services
8.
Ensure shared understanding of early recovery
9.
Learn and build upon best practices
10. Ensure partnership and inclusiveness
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS COORDINATION – WHY AND HOW
Why?
‘ensuring…effective cluster and inter-cluster coordination
through collective planning of assessments and response’
• Support coordination in assessment planning,
response, and strategy
• Strengthen national/local systems
• Ensure understanding of early recovery
• Ensure partnership and inclusiveness
How?
Ensure
Partnership &
Inclusiveness
Support Coordination
•
•
•
•
•
•
IM: 4Ws for Assessment
IM: Data consolidation/analysis
Joint or harmonized activities
Gap analysis
Agree on technical standards
and tools
Facilitate inter-cluster
assessment and analysis
coordination
Assessment and Analysis
•
•
Identify key
entities for
inclusion
Optimize
complement.
Strengthen
Nat’l Systems
/ Early
Recovery
•
•
•
•
Existing
Training/ass
istance
Disaster
Mgmt
Recovery
The lack of coordination…
“The international response to this crisis has been slow to
get off the ground. It has been slowed by a succession of
uncoordinated assessments spanning a period of three
months since the indicators of drought first became known,
and a concern on the part of donors that the use of
different assessment tools by different actors rendered it
impossible to make informed decisions regarding the scale
and nature of the response.”
“The first phase is now complete and affirms that
substantial assistance is required to address immediate
humanitarian needs. Donors should however be cognisant
of the fact that the latest reports exclude the assessments
of the majority of NGOs.”
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS TOOLS, FRAMEWORKS, AND STANDARDS
- PRINCIPLES
• Timeliness
• Consistency
• Relevance
• Participation
• Coverage
• Cross-Cutting
• Validity
• Unassessed
• Transparency
• Accuracy
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS-TOOLS, FRAMEWORKS AND
STANDARDS
MIFIRA
Livelihood Assessment Toolkit (LAT)
Household Economy
Analysis (HEA)
SPHERE
EFSA
Vulnerability and Capacity
Assessment
IPC
Post-Disaster Needs Assessment
CFSVA
(PDNA)
Methodology for Rapid
EMMA
Humanitarian Assessment
CFSAM
Seeds Systems
Initial Rapid Assessment
Security
MCRAM/
Assessment (SSSA)
LEGS
MIRA
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT/ANALYSIS TOOLS, FRAMEWORKS AND STANDARDS
Primary Data Collection Methods
CFSVA: Comprehensive FS & Vulnerability Analysis
EFSA: Emergency Food Security Assessment
EMMA: Emergency Market Mapping and Analysis
HEA: Household Economy Approach
McRAM: Multi-cluster Rapid Assessment
Mechanism (Pakistan)
MIRA: Multi-Cluster Initial Rapid Assessment –
IASC
LAT: Livelihoods Analysis Tool
LEGS: Livestock Emergency Guidelines & Standards
IRLAG: Integrated Rapid Livelihoods Assessment
Guidelines
Analysis Frameworks
IPC: Integrated Food
Security Phase
Classification
NAF: Needs Analysis
Framework
PCNA/PDNA*
PDNA/PCNA*: Post-Conflict/Post-Disaster needs
Assessments
SSSA: Seed Systems Security Assessment
VCA: Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment
Assessment Standards: SPHERE, SMART, LEGS
Assessment and Analysis
*Often consolidate
previously collected data for
recovery response planning
Zero Phase: Prepare & CP
Details and
representativeness
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS –
TOOLS, FRAMEWORKS AND STANDARDS
Phase 4
Phase 3
Phase 2
Phase 1
Preliminary
Scenario
Definition
Secondary
data, direct
observation
Best guess
E.g.: Multicluster Initial
Rapid
Assessment
(MIRA)
Sampling,
questionnaire
Baseline for
monitoring
Multi-sector
damage/loss
assessment
(e.g. PDNA)
Increasing
complexity
In-depth
assessments
Situation
monitoring /
surveillance
Situation
monitoring /
surveillance
Performance
Monitoring
Performance
Monitoring
Re-assessments if
needed
Representative
sampling,
surveys
DAYS from onset
1-3 days
2 weeks
Assessment and Analysis
Weeks 3-4
onwards
COORDINATED ASSESSMENT & ANALYSIS – WHAT IS IT?
Initial
Decision
1-2 days
5-6 days
3-4 days
Planning
Field Work
Analysis and
Reporting
• Compile secondary data
• Agree objectives, scope of work,
and timeframe
• Coordinate with HC and key
clusters
• Agree info requirements,
collection methods, site
selection
• Agree/prepare tool
• Personnel/equip prep
• Coordinate with key officials
• Team field visits
• Joint or
harmonized
• Multi-cluster or
sector specific
Desired Information
•
•
•
Impact on people and
livelihoods
support systems
• Needs for recovery of
Forecast of situationAssessment andsupport
systems
Analysis
Needs for survival,
• Available resources
• Process/analyze data
Situation analysis
• Prioritized problems
• Prioritized needs/gaps
• Prioritized risks
(Response analysis)
Recommendations
Disseminate
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS COORDINATION – QUESTIONS
AND CHALLENGES
Two questions, then:
1. What are the benefits
of sharing in data
collection?
2. What are some of the
techniques for
Your thoughts?
•
Joint Food Security Assessments
and/or Individual
Organizations?
•
Multi-sectoral and/or specific
sector Assessments?
•
Joint Situation Analysis or
Individual Organizations?
•
Focus on Relief or Relief +
Recovery?
•
Sudden on-set vs. Other
situations
coordinating data
collection?
?
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS – TOOLS, FRAMEWORKS
STANDARDS
ANALYSIS – IPC EXAMPLE
Rationale:
Components:
Output:
CLEARER EARLY
WARNING
TECHNICAL CONSENSUS
& COMMON LANGUAGE
Classifying the severity of
scenarios and impact on
human lives and livelihoods.
•
STRATEGIC RESPONSE
Promotes timely and
meaningful analysis to
influence decision making.
•
Core
Reference
Tables
Analysis
Templates
•
AND
Explicitly state appropriate
responses for immediate,
medium, longer term
requirements
Cartographic
Protocols
•
Population
Tables
SITUATION ANALYSIS
RESPONSE ANALYSIS
Basis for identifying fundamental
aspects of a situation (severity,
causes, magnitude, etc.)
links situation analysis to the design of
appropriate strategic food security
interventions, promoting a broad range
of responses
Assessment and Analysis
IPC Acute Scale Reference Outcomes
• Mortality
→CDR & U5MR/ ppd
• Nutritional Status
→% w/2z score; BMI
• Food Consumption
(quantity and
nutritional quality)
→Quantity vs 2,100
kcal/pp/day; HH Diet
Diversity Score (HDDS);
Food Consumption
Score (FCS); CSI; etc
• Livelihood Change
(assets and strategies)
→Asset depletion; coping
strategies
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
EXERCISE - BACKGROUND
Situation Analysis: Review templates from
Somalia 2009.
1. Use the IPC to help identify phase of the
Key Reference Outcomes
2. Identify the overall IPC Phase
3. Identify 3-5 Priority Problems (access,
availability, utilization-groups, locations)
Assessment and Analysis
ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS
RELEVANCE
Why is this subject covered?
Cluster staff need to understand the importance of food security
sector assessment and analysis and their role in coordination.
They must also have a basic understanding of the various
assessment and analysis tools available.
How does this relate to my day to day tasks?
Cluster staff help guide the joint or coordinated assessment and
analysis performed together by cluster partners in order to set the
stage for coordinated development of a coherent food security
sector strategy.
Assessment and Analysis