Data, data, everywhere, and not a bit to use.
With the arrival of the cloud, and business focus on service
based reporting, capturing data has never been more
important.
This is not a presentation about Big Data
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Big Data is a separate topic about new ways to store and
retrieve very large amounts of data that exceed constraints
of traditional data management systems.
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
Why talk about data?
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Dashboard, Dashboard, Dashboard
Alerts
Automation
CMIS
What does that all sit on?
Raw data
Ever increasing number of requests to take data from an
ever increasing number of sources
Frustration
A Problem Shared
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Data you want
Cool data you got hold of
Solutions you found
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Write them down, scrunch it up, and throw them up the front here.
• Put your name on it
• No prizes for hitting the presenter
• Or just ask later
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
What businesses are asking for
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Have data for everything
• Internal to a system
• Across all infrastructure (build a service picture)
• Business volumes & transaction response times
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Don’t deploy more agents
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Ensure reliable data
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Minimal Storage
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No staff
Where a lot of people are
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A handful of tools for specific platforms
• Designed for sys admin roles
• No single person can access them all
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No business data
• Projections based on resource utilisations
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Huge volumes of “out of reach” data
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Some Agents, some SNMP capture, some stuff nobody understands
anymore
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Limited staff
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
Data Capture (My Basic Principals)
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More is (just this once), more
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At data capture time get everything you will need
• Time travel is still fiction
• Quality is important
• Put it under YOUR control
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Full service picture
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Resource
Application
Network
SAN
Business data
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
Capture Techniques
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Agentless (SNMP, WMI, etc)
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Is subject to more security issues, and network quality.
Broken communication = lost data
Easier/Faster implementation
(often), Less data of lower quality
Agent Based
• Autonomous
• Data collected by a local process. If the server is up, data capture is
running.
• Broken communication = catch up later
• Possibility to use existing Agents
• Overhead (system and human)
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Vote now!
Blended Delivery Model
• Where most people are.
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
Application/Service Data
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Databases
• Well thought out APIs or Windows Counters
• Well thought out Agents do this
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SAP
• Various transactions return Perf data (e.g. ST03)
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What if there is no designed interface?
• Logs, databases, write your own instrumentation
• APM Tools
Business/Application Transaction data (APM)
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A user action = A transaction
• Log on, Search, Add to Basket, Checkout, Payment = 5 transactions
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Benefits
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Common language
Service based
Defined SLAs
Real workload volumes (Planning benefits)
Usual Difficulties
• No tool capturing this data (Ask me for a recommendation)
• No access to the data held (Typically controlled by Operations)
• No import facility to capacity tool
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Avoid
• Exporting data from both tools into Excel and manually cutting and
pasting to get combined reports
SANs
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Challenge
• IOPS remains the biggest bottleneck
• Surprising number of capacity managers are unaware of storage
capacity available
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Where to get data
• SMI-S (Storage Management Initiative – Standard)
• PowerShell Plugins
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Learn PowerShell or learn to serve fries (some dude 2008)
• Storage Vendor central control server
• Operations Manager, StorageWorks, ControlCenter
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Using the data?
• Bring it into your capacity tool
In the last 6 months
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Business / Customer transaction reports (multiple types)
Open VMS T4 data
Historical CPU & Memory data from home grown scripts
NetApp, HP EVA
IP Pool allocation
Datacenter temperature & power
More detailed example
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NetApp
• Operations Manager DFM CLI Export
• Occupancy and performance data for all LUNS, Volumes, Aggregates &
Systems connected to Operations Manager.
• dfm data export run –d comma –t “5 mins” –f avg –h “1 day”
• Database tables in .csv
• Script to produce something “nicer” to import
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
The Cloud
http://xkcd.com/908/
Basic Cloud Types & Challenges (IaaS)
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Public Cloud (Worst Case)
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Private Cloud (Best Case)
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Full control
You are responsible, but have all the data
Community Cloud (Never seen)
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No control
You put your faith in the provider
Monitor response times only?
Potential control
You are involved and may have access to the data
Hybrid Cloud (Where you’re likely to be)
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Some control
Full control of the Private Cloud portion only
Want to Benchmark the Public cloud?
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“How hard can it be” Jeremy Clarkson
Get a VM up and running and see what workload it can handle
• AWS results all over the place
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Somebody else must have looked into this:
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http://www.spec.org/osgcloud/
• Still working on it….
• Join in ? (I’m short of the $10,000 required…)
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http://datasys.cs.iit.edu/events/MTAGS12/i02.pdf
• IaaS Cloud Benchmarking: Approaches, Challenges, and Experience
• Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick Epema
Benchmarking the Cloud problems
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Cloud evolution
• Changes made under your feet
• We are no longer in the loop
“commercial clouds such as Amazon EC2 add frequently new
functionality to their systems. Thus, the benchmarking results obtained at
any given time may be unrepresentative for the future behaviour of the
system.” Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick Epema
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So why don’t we continually benchmark the cloud?
• Because it’s complex and expensive (Challenge 1 = how to do it
cheap)
“A straightforward approach to benchmark both short-term dynamics and
long-term evolution is to measure the system under test periodically, with
judiciously chosen frequencies [26]. However, this approach increases
the pressure of the so-far unresolved Challenge 1.” Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick
Epema
Benchmarking (more problems)
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Even with lots of data, you’ll have a hard time making it fit reality
because you cannot replicate all the software involved.
“We have surveyed in our previous work [26], [27] over ten performance studies
that use common benchmarks to assess the virtualization overhead on
computation (5–15%), I/O (10–30%), and HPC kernels (results vary). We have
shown in a recent study of four commercial IaaS clouds [27] that virtualized
resources obtained from public clouds can have a much lower performance
than the theoretical peak, possibly because of the performance of the
middleware layer.” Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick Epema
Long term observation
“We have observed the long-term evolution in performance of clouds since
2007. Then, the acquisition of one EC2 cloud resource took an average time of
50 seconds, and constantly increased to 64 seconds in 2008 and 78 seconds in
2009. The EU S3 service shows pronounced daily patterns with lower transfer
rates during night hours (7PM to 2AM), while the US S3 service exhibits a
yearly pattern with lowest mean performance during the months January,
September, and October. Other services have occasional decreases in
performance, such as SDB in March 2009, which later steadily recovered until
December [26].” Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick Epema
Final nail in the coffin
“Depending on the provider and its middleware abstraction, several
cloud overheads and performance metrics can have different
interpretation and meaning.” Alexandru Iosup, Radu Prodan, and Dick Epema
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So you can’t trust the data from clouds to be what you expect.
And you can’t trust your existing benchmarks to represent the
future.
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So…what can you do?
Private Cloud
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You are in charge and you monitor the hardware utilisations
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The Cloud still has physical limits, and soft “limits”
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Resource Pools, Reservations etc
Opportunity
• Resource Utilisation and Service Information combined
• Users, Processes, Transactions, Business Volumes
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Challenge
• Business decision based on easy capacity monitoring?
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
Reality
APM
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Transaction times
Transaction counts
Transaction type
End to end
Per server
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All that information you could never get from the business, in one
handy location
Combine APM & Resource Data
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
CMIS
DB1
DB3
DB2
DB4
CMIS
DB
CMIS
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Centralise
• A single interface to all data
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Organise it
• Mirror the organisation
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Automate
• Computers are great at performing
repetitive tasks. Use them.
Session Agenda
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Why Talk about data?
Business demands
My basic principles
Data Capture Techniques
Data Sources
The Obligatory Cloud Part
APM
CMIS
Reality
In reality how do people get data?
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From other internal teams
• Process and reprimands
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From the outsourcer
• Contract
• Enforce it
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The 1st rule of data club:
• Data supplier uses their own
tools
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Requires:
• Sponsor with teeth
So what conclusions do I draw?
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Be flexible
• You will have to take the data from whatever already exists
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Stand Your Ground
• Don’t make work for yourself (You don’t have the staff)
• They deliver the data, you keep it.
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Introduce APM/BTM tools
• The typical missing element
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Centralise the data at capture time
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Know your cloud strategy and get in early with requirements
Audience Participation & Questions