Divergent thinking
represents the potential
for creative thinking and problem solving. It is not
synonymous with actual creative behavior but has
proven to be a good estimate of it. It is also useful as a
construct or empirical research on creativity and in
various applied settings.
- Encyclopedia of Creativity -
Solves
Open-ended
problems
Overcomes
Mental fixation
Fosters
Critical
thinking
Promotes
Flexibility &
Originality
Brainstorming
SCAMPER
Six Thinking Hats
Brainstorming is a group creativity technique by which a group tries
to find a solution for a specific problem by gathering a list of ideas
spontaneously generated by its members.
Brainstorming was developed and coined by Alex Faickney Osborn in
1953 in the book Applied Imagination.
Rules of Brainstorming
1
Postpone and withhold your judgment of ideas.
2
Encourage wild and exaggerated ideas.
3
Quantity counts at this stage, not quality.
4
Build on the ideas put forward by others.
5
Every person and every idea has equal worth.
Infinite Innovations Ltd.
SCAMPER :
a technique people can use to spark their creativity
and help them overcome any challenge they may be facing.
Combine
Substitute
Rearrange/
Reverse
Adapt
SCAMPER
Eliminate
Modify/
Minify
Put to
other use
Six Thinking Hats :
is a simple, effective parallel thinking process that
helps people be more productive, focused, and mindfully involved.
And once learned, the tools can be applied immediately!
Videos featuring Six Hats Presentation
http://www.debonogroup.com/video_4.php
Videos featuring Edward de Bono
Creative Thinking
http://www.debonogroup.com/video_2.php
Thinking
about thinking
Information
Feelings
6 thinking hats
Creativity
- Edward De Bono
Benefits
Judgement
Question:
Do you think “math” class always
involves convergent thinking?
No! Math can also apply other domains.
How can we apply Divergent Thinking
if the math unit is
“Data analysis and Probability” ?
After learning basic concepts of this unit,
“Do the activities which can foster students’
creativity through divergent thinking.”
Suggested Activity 1
: Let students search any data and graph used in our
society.
Students can find them in newspapers, magazines, and
internet news.
Through this activity, students will learn how math subject
applies to other fields.
“Apply the knowledge in science!”
Suggested Activity 2
: Let students have a scientific experiment, for example,
physical and chemical changes in a science lab. Then
students will make a data table and a graph based on the
result.
Through this activity, students can learn how they can record
the data and make graphs.
“My Data Project”
Suggested Activity 3
: Let students design their own data project.
Through this activity, students will learn how they can collect
data and make different kinds of graphs.
This activity, in particular, fosters students’ creativity.
•Bell, B. (2007). Finding Meaning (3rd ed.). Portland, Oregon: Blue Fox
Communications.
•Holliday, K. (1998). Modeling divergent thinking through picture books. Roeper
Review .
•John, B. (1993). Creativity and Divergent Thinking: A Task-Specific
Approach. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
•Meyerhoff, M. (2008). Convergent versus divergent thinking. (Perspectives on
Parenting)(Report). Pediatrics for Parents.
•Runco, M. A. (1993). Divergent Thinking, Creativity, and Giftedness. Gifted Child
Quarterly.
•Runco, M. A. (2001). Flexibility and originality in children’s divergent thinking. The
Journal of Psychology.
•Starko, A. (2005). Creativity in the classroom- Schools of Curious Delight-.
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.