Chapter 8 Section 4

• The growth of power and influence of the federal government
Or
- People beginning to think of themselves as
Americans rather than identifying more with states

• New Hampshire wanted to change the colleges charter from private school to public
• Supreme Court said charter was a contract and could not be broken
• Long term effect was to protect businesses from regulation

• Supreme Court ruled that Congress did have the power to charter a
National Bank
– This gave the federal government power that goes beyond the
Constitution
• States could not tax the bank (this would give the states [power over the federal bank)

• The Supreme Court declared that states could not interfere with
Congress’s constitutional right to regulate businesses on interstate waterways

• How do each of these court rulings support
Nationalism?
• Dartmouth College v. Woodward
• McCulloch v. Maryland
• Gibbons v. Ogden

• Prevented state interference in business contracts
• Provided national economic stability by encouraging growth of corporations

• Supported the principle that the national government is free to exercise powers implied by the Constitution with which states cannot interfere

• Established the federal government’s right to regulate interstate commerce

• 1. U.S. would not interfere in European affairs
• 2. U.S. would not interfere in colonies and states in Western
Hemisphere
• 3. U.S. would not permit any further colonization in the
Western Hemisphere
• 4. Any attempt by a
European nation to take control of a nation in the Western
Hemisphere would be seen as hostile towards the U.S.

Why did President Monroe believe it was necessary to create the Monroe Doctrine?
• To create a policy to ease tensions with
Great Britain and formally address the possibility that other
European nations might resume their efforts to colonize the Western
Hemisphere

• A combination of government backed economic development and protective tariffs aimed at encouraging business growth
– Championed by Henry
Clay

What two new political parties emerged in the 1820s, and how did their views differ?
• National
Republicans
• Supported the
Jeffersonian spirit of improvement
• Jacksonian
Democrats
– Supported Andrew
Jackson’s ideas of limited government

Why might someone have supported John
Quincy Adams in the 1824 election?
• Son of President John
Adams
• Been in politics since
1803
• Former senator
• Served as a diplomat in
Europe
• Served as Secretary of
State
– Helped extend nation’s border to Rocky Mountains
– Helped devise Monroe
Doctrine

Why might someone have supported
Henry Clay in the 1824 election?
• Gifted speech maker
• Desired to end slavery
• Served in House of
Representatives
• Served as Senator
• Speaker of the House

Why might someone have supported
John C. Calhoun in the 1824 election?
• Served in House of
Representatives
• President Monroe’s
Secretary of War
• Sponsored economic measures that helped unify the nation
• Helped create
– 2 nd bank of the U.S., a modernized navy, national road system, protective tariffs

Why might someone have supported
Andrew Jackson in the 1824 election?
• Served in Congress in the 1790s
• Brilliant general
• Gained fame for brilliance in War of
1812 and attack on
Seminole Indians in
Florida
• Colorful Personality

What was the corrupt bargain and who did it benefit?
• 1824- Jackson won the most votes in the electoral college, but not the needed majority
• Adams came in second
• According to the
Constitution, the election goes to the House of
Representatives in cases like this

• Clay used his influence to swing enough voted to Adams to win
• Adams then made Clay his Secretary of State