Thailand Education Sustainable Development
towards impending
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
Dr. Netpreeya M. Choomchaiyo
ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)
Free Movement of
• Products
• Services
• Labors and professionals
• Capitals
Facts about ASEAN workers
Million
700
600
651
621
588
500
350
400
300
300
250
200
100
0
2010
2015
2020
Total Population
Total Workers (Skilled Labor & Professionals)
Year
Why do host countries welcome international labor
and professional immigrants?
1. Ease labor shortage problem
2. Increase efficiency in the use of ASEAN’s
resources
3. Raise total outputs and incomes for the host
countries
4. Stimulate the creation of small businesses
5. Increase savings, investment and human capital
formation
Why do workers migrate?
1. In search of higher incomes
2. Lured by friends and relatives, and social
networks
3. In search of adventure, exploration, curiosity
4. Fleeing from persecution, armed conflict,
suppression of ethnic groups and environmental
degradation
Why do workers migrate to Thailand?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Local attitudes towards foreigners
Great and cheap living paradise
Low personal income and consumption taxes
Flexible labor regulations
Big job opportunities and promising career
development
6. Business and investment opportunities
Why do firms in Thailand hire foreign workers
and professionals?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Higher output and efficiency
Reduce expenses on social welfare
Gain connections overseas
Less problems (easier termination of contract)
Migration status of Asian countries
Labor sending Labor sending and Labor receiving
receiving
• Middle East,
• Bangladesh,
• India,
•
•
•
•
•
•
China,
Indonesia,
Nepal,
Philippines,
Sri Lanka,
Vietnam
•
•
•
Malaysia,
Pakistan,
Thailand
• Brunei
• Darussalam,
• Taiwan (China),
• Japan,
• Republic of
Korea,
• Hong Kong SAR,
• Singapore
The increase of labor productivity (2007-2009)
Percentage
10 %
10
8
6
5%
4%
4
3%
2
0
Countries
China
India
Indonesia
Thailand
ASEAN will pilot a free labor market for
7 professionals in 2015
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Medicine
Dentistry
Nursing
Engineering
Architecture
Natural resources and geographical exploration
Accounting
Increasing demands for skilled labor
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Automotive technicians
Machinists
Welders
Carpenters
Shopkeepers
•
Thailand and The Philippines have highly skilled
labor
Singapore, Malaysia and The Philippines have high
level of English language Proficiency
•
Thailand labor market in 2015
NON ASEAN
ASEAN
Eastern Europe,
Taiwan, India,
Hong Kong
China,
India
Bangladesh,
Pakistan
CEO
Highly Skilled
Labors
Skilled Labors /
Office Workers
Job largely shunned by
Local Populations
Singapore,
Malaysia
Philippines,
Malaysia,
Vietnam,
Thailand ?
CLM
ASEAN labor market in 2015
ASEAN
NON ASEAN
Eastern Europe,
Taiwan, India,
Hong Kong
China,
India
Sri lanka,
Bangladesh,
Pakistan
CEO
Highly Skilled
Labors
Singapore,
Malaysia,
Thailand ?
Skilled Labors /
Office Workers
Philippines,
Malaysia,
Vietnam,
Thailand ?
Job largely shunned by
Local Populations
CLMV,
Thailand ?,
Indonesia
Academician vs. Practitioner
20%
80%
academician (higher education)
practitioner (vocational education)
Major human resources challenges for ASEAN
1.
2.
3.
4.
Enhancing workforce competitiveness
Improving workforce skills and employability
Rebuilding employment
Accelerating productivity
HR development through
• closer cooperation in education
• life-long learning
• promotion of public-private sectors cooperation at
regional and national levels
• promotion of vocational training and workforce
learning
Basic skills for Gen-A
•
•
•
•
•
English (and Chinese)
IT
Creative thinking and logical thinking
Well-rounded
International attitudes (ASEAN culture, ASEAN
enterprise)
Thailand Education Sustainable Development
towards impending ASEAN Economic Community
•
•
•
•
•
International Curriculum Development
Gen – A Educators
Quality Control for Standards
Reform Ministry of Education
Cooperation among ministers (education, labor,
commerce, industry etc.)
• Attitude changes for parents, students, teacher,
managers and regulators
• Cooperation among ASEAN members
Thank You For Your Attention