4-H Veterinary Science
Extension Veterinary Medicine
Texas AgriLife Extension Service
College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences
Texas A&M System http://aevm.tamu.edu

 Describe bacterial diseases that affect the skin
 Describe bacterial diseases that affect the eye
 Describe bacterial diseases that affect the ear
 Describe bacterial diseases that affect the reproductive system
 Describe clostridial diseases

 Definition
 Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life)
 Invade tissues
 May produce
 Pus
 Harmful or poisonous waste

 Bacteremia
 Blood
 Septicemia
 Harmful waste products in blood
 Toxemia
 Toxins in blood

 Occurs


Normal incubation period
Development of dormant infection
 Pathogens


Primary bacterial disease
Secondary bacterial disease

Predispositions
 Primary infection
 Stress
 Tissue injuries
 Dietary changes

 Caused by various abnormalities
 Anemia
 Encephalitis
 Hepatitis
 Pneumonia
 Nephritis
 Gastroenteritis

 Clostridial diseases
 Systems affected

GI

Musculo-skeletal

Nervous
 Spore forming
 Natural inhabitants

Soil

Intestinal tracts
 Affects numerous species

 Two Categories

Active invasion of tissue with production of toxins

Toxemia resulting from absorption of toxins by digestion (enterotoxemias) or ingestion (botulism)

 Types
Species Hosts
Clostridium botulimun Animals, Man
Clostridium chauvoei Cattle
Clostridium perfringens Sheep
Clostridium perfringens Man
Clostridium tetani Animals, Man
Diseases
Botulism
Blackleg
Enterotoxemia
Gas Gangrene
Tetanus

 In cattle

7-way Clostridial vaccine
 C. chauvoei – blackleg
 C. septicum – malignant edema
 C. novyi – black disease (neck, liver, gut)
 C. sordellii – gas gangrene
 C. perfringens Types B, C and D – enterotoxemia

 Dermatitis
 Description



Inflammation of the skin
Causes




Bacteria
Arthropods
Fungi
Allergens
Common sign

Pruritus (itching)

Skin lesions
 Reddening/thickening of skin
 Bumps
 Blisters
 Crusts or scales

 Pyoderma
 Description

Skin condition with the presence of purulent exudate (pus)
 Superficial or deep pustules
 Associated with

Skin allergies
 “Hot spots”

Mange conditions
 Observe

Warm, humid weather

 Keratoconjunctivitis
 Description

Inflammation of the eyeball’s surface (cornea) and the eyelid’s lining (conjunctiva)
 Conjunctivitis

Inflammation of the conjunctiva

With/without keratitis

Symptoms
 Reddening of eyelids
 Rubbing

 Keratitis
 Inflammation of the cornea
 Symptoms

Opaque or cloudy cornea

Possibly ulcers

Sensitive to sunlight

Mucopurulent (mucus with pus) tears

Crusty matter around eyes
 Ulcers diagnosed with flourescent dye
 Common name

Pink eye

 Otitis externa
 Description

Infection of the external ear canal
 Characterization

Inflammation of epithelium

Reddening

Itching

Drainage
 Symptoms

Scratching or rubbing

 Affects primarily dogs and cats
 Predispositions
 Small external ear canal opening
 Excessive hair
 Flopped ears
 Warm, humid weather

 Rhinitis
 Description

Inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nasal passages
 Acute or chronic
 Symptoms

Nasal discharge

Open-mouth breathing

Sneezing

 Sinusitis
 Description

Inflammation of the sinuses
 Acute or chronic
 Symptoms

Nasal discharge

Open-mouth breathing

Sneezing

 Pneumonia
 Description

Bacterial infection in the lung tissue and air passages causing acute or chronic inflammation
 Symptoms

Deep cough

Difficulty breathing
 Bacteria complicate viral pneumonia

 Diseases

Cattle and swine
 Pasteurellosis

Cats
 Pneumonitis

 Tonsillitis
 Description

Inflammation of the tonsils
 Common in dogs
 Symptoms

Gagging

Retching

Soft coughing

Expulsion of mucus

 Gastroenteritis



Description

Inflammation of the stomach and intestines
Many types of bacteria
Symptoms






Excessive salivation
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Straining
Abdominal pain
Hemorrhages
 Blood in diarrhea

 Diseases

Salmonellosis

Enterotoxemia

Colibacillosis

 Metritis
 Description






Inflammation of the uterus
Postpartum disorder
May cause


Abortions
Retained placentas
Symptoms

Purulent, foul-smelling vaginal discharge
Persistent metritis

Infertility
Diseases

Contagious equine metritis

 Abortion
 Description

Premature birth of a fetus by pregnant females
 Early termination of pregnancy due to bacterial infection
 Diseases

Brucellosis

Leptospirosis

Campylobacteriosis

Trich

Neospora
Aborted Fetus

 Termination

Bacteria attack
 Embryo/fetus
 Placenta
 Uterus
 Transmission

Ingestion

Inhalation

Venereal

 Mastitis


Description

Inflammatory process involving the mammary glands or udder tissue during lactation
Occurrences

Infected nipple



Blood
Penetrating wounds
Symptoms


Udder
 Swollen
 Warm
 Painful
Milk
 Hemorrhagic
 Purulent