Sudeep A. Mathew
Extension Educator
UME - Dorchester County
Joseph A. Fiola, Ph.D.
Specialist in Viticulture and Small Fruit
University of Maryland Extension
Basics of Pest Management
Integrated Crop
Management
for New Vineyards
Sudeep A. Mathew
Extension Educator
UME - Dorchester Couny
Joseph A. Fiola, Ph.D.
Specialist in Viticulture and Small Fruit
University of Maryland Extension
Basics of Pest Management
Disease
Management
for New Vineyards
Sudeep A. Mathew
Extension Educator
University of Maryland Extension
Dorchester County
Cambridge, Maryland
Basics of Pest Management
IPM/SVP/ICM Program Components
A “Whole Plant Health Care Plan”
• Cultural Practices
• site selection
• site preparation
• soil management
• cultivar selection
• cultural practices
• canopy management
• nutrition
• Disease/Insect Management
• monitoring/trapping
• forecasting
• control choices
• pesticides/mating disruption
• Weed Management
• cultivation
• cover crops
• Other Pests
• birds, deer
Basics of Pest Management
“The most
important thing you
can put into the
vineyard is your
footprints!”
Basics of Pest Management
Proximity to Woods
Increased
pressure from:
Wildlife
- habitat
Insects
- wild vines
Diseases
- reduced air
movement
Basics of Pest Management
Bio-Renovation Program
http://www.grapesandfruit.umd.edu/Pages/biorenovationsmallfruitsfs.pdf
•
Increase organic matter
Nutrition
• Nitrogen and nutrient holding capacity
• Herbicide efficacy
•
•
Reduction/elimination of residual herbicides
•
•
adsorption of herbicides
Reduction of plant pathogenic nematodes
direct competition
• vector of virus diseases
• Control perennial weeds
•
Basics of Pest Management
Nematode Damage
• Left: grapevine roots
damaged by lesion
nematodes
• Right: a healthy root
system
©Howard Ferris, 1999. Used by permission
of author. Sourced from:
http://plpnemweb.ucdavis.edu/Nemaplex
Basics of Pest Management
Major Grapevine
Diseases in the Mid-Atlantic
•
Black Rot
• Powdery Mildew
• Downy Mildew
• Phomopsis
• Botrytis and Late Season Rots
Vineyard Floor Management
Black Rot
Vineyard Floor Management
Black Rot
Vineyard Floor Management
Powdery Mildew
Vineyard Floor Management
Powdery Mildew
Vineyard Floor Management
Downy Mildew
Vineyard Floor Management
Downy Mildew
Vineyard Floor Management
Phomopsis Cane and Leaf
Vineyard Floor Management
Phomopsis Cane and Leaf
Basics of Pest Management
Botrytis
Basics of Pest Management
Botrytis
Basics of Pest Management
Late-Season Rots
Sour
Rot
Bitter Rot
Ripe Rot
Photos: James W. Travis, by
permission
Macrophoma
Rot
Canopy Management Basics
Benefits of Proper
Canopy Management
Decreased Disease
• Early drying of canopy – air movement
• Increased penetration of pesticides
• Improved coverage of pesticides
• Earlier ripening
Basics of Pest Management
Grape Disease Management
Season in MidAtlantic
7
Late-season rots
5
Botrytis bunch rot
4
Downy mildew
3
Powdery mildew
Risk Period for Disease
6
2
Phomopsis
1
Black rot
0
Budbreak
Pre-bloom
Bloom
Post-bloom
Phenology
Bunch
closing
Veraison
Pre-harvest
Basics of Pest Management
Early to Mid-Season Program
Timing
Target
Fungicide
New shoots
Black rot (BR),
Mancozeb plus a
(start at ½ -1”) Phomopsis (Ph), PM fungicide
PM, DM
(sulfur, oil, an SI,
3–4 sprays
Quintec, Endura)
Pre-bloom to BR, Ph, PM, DM Above program
post-bloom
Botrytis
plus: Elevate or
Vangard/Scala
3 sprays; 1 or
OR Pristine plus
2 for Botrytis
a DM fungicide*
*Captan or a phosphorous acid (phosphite)
Pest Management Basics
Sprayer Types
Air-blast
Re-circulating boom/air-blast
Basics of Pest Management
Reference Materials
• A Pocket Guide for Grape IPM Scouting in the North Central &
Eastern U.S.
• Guidelines for Developing an Effective Fungicide Spray Program
for Wine Grapes in Maryland, 2012 (January 2012)—section on
non-bearing vineyards
• Home Fruit Production Guide, MD EB 125. Available for $8.00+
S&H from UMD Home & Garden Info Center: www.hgic.umd.edu
• Other University pest management guides (Cornell-Penn State,
Virginia Tech)—commercial and home gardening
• Dr. Wayne Wilcox, Cornell—annual notes on disease control
• APS Compendium of Grape Diseases