ECHAM5/6 projects by Quentin Bourgeois, Junbo
Cui, Gabriela Sousa Santos, Tanja Stanelle
Image: NASA
C2SM’s research group - Isabelle Bey
Main questions:
•
Arctic pollution: Quentin Bourgeois (ECHAM5-HAMMOZ, ECHAM5.5HAM2)
•
Dust emissions and export (focus on Asia): Junbo Cui (ECHAM5.5HAM2)
•
Impact of anthropogenic emissions on climate (inc. global and
regional water cycle, focus on biomass burning emissions, period
1800-2000): Gabriela Sousa Santos (IMBALANCE project, ECHAM5.5HAM2)
•
Influence of anthropogenic land cover change on climate and air
quality: Tanja Stanelle (MAIOLICA project, ECHAM6-HAM…)
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
2
Spring
Summer
Arctic pollution: Evaluating aerosol
transport toward the Arctic:
 Comparing seasonally averaged
vertical profiles of extinction in the
high and middle latitudes:
•Observed CALIOP instrument
•ECHAM5-HAMMOZ STD
•NEW ECHAM5-HAMMOZ simulation
with new scavenging coefficients
30-65°N
 Next steps:
- Interannual variability in transport of
pollution to the Arctic
- Impact of aerosols on the climate in
the simulation with new scavengng
coefficients (ECHAM5.5-HAM2)
- Accounting for snow darkening
65-90°N
Bourgeois & Bey, JGR, in press
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
3
Dust emissions and export (focus on Asia)
Comparing aerosol extinction from CALIOP and from ECHAM5.5-HAM2
i.
a,b,c,d: 10 * 10 degree boxes
selected along transport path.
ii. 1,2,3,4,5,6: ground based monitoring
sites.
b
b
CALIOP
ECHAM5.5-HAM2
(Cheng et al. 2008 dust
emission scheme)
Total aerosol
Name (change on Slide Master)
4
Dust
Impact of anthropogenic emissions on climate:
Currently performing a number of Mixed Layer Ocean (MLO)
simulations with new ACCMIP (IPCC) anthropogenic emissions
Simulations
Anthropogenic
processes
Variables
Control
2000s
BC, OC, SO2, SOA precursors
S1
2000s
BC, OC, SO2
2000s
BC, OC, SO2, new in-cloud scavenging
parameters
S3
1950s
BC, OC, SO2, SOA precursors
S4
1900s
BC, OC, SO2, SOA precursors
S5
1850s
BC, OC, SO2, SOA precursors
S6
1850s
BC, OC, SO2
S2
S7
Name (change on Slide Master)
tbd
BC, OC, SO2, SOA precursors, land use
parameters
C2SM
5
Impact of anthropogenic emissions on climate:
Preliminary results:
Surface temperature and precipitation
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
6
Influence of anthropogenic land cover change on climate and air quality
GHG & aerosol
concentrations,
Aerosol effect on
clouds
Aerosol and Gas-Phase
Chemistry Module
(HAMMOZ)
General Circulation
Model
Temperature,
Humidity, etc.
(ECHAM6)
Winds,
Temperature,
Radiation, etc.
Emission fluxes
Natural Emission Module
e.g., Biogenic organic compounds,
Mineral dust, soil NOx
Vegetation types, LAI,
roughness length,
moist fluxes
Albedo, Roughness
length, Heat and moist
fluxes, LAI, etc.
Land Surface Component
(JSBACH)
Name (change on Slide Master)
Implementation of a dependency of natural emission
routines on the land surface scheme of ECHAM6
• Dust emission routine
− New calculation of potential source areas (using JSBACH land
cover description)
− Use of roughness length computed by the model instead of
constant (default) or satellite derived values
• BVOCs emission scheme
− New calculation of emission factors for idealized conditions
− If time available: use another BVOC scheme to consider
dependence of isoprene emissions on CO2 (scheme of A. Arneth)
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
8
Isoprene: Emission factors for idealized conditions
Original file:
•Derived from external vegetation map
(Guenther et al. (2006)
•No interannual variations
New file:
•Derived from vegetation map used in JSBACH
•Variations with respect to used vegetation map
(1st step: offline version, if running with dynamic
vegetation, online version will be necessary)
New
Isoprene emission factor for idealized conditions in µg/(m2h)
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
9
BACKUP SLIDES
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
10
Main questions:
•
How does the model reproduce transport of pollution towards and
pollution in the Arctic? ECHAM5-HAMMOZ, ECHAM5.5-HAM2 −
Quentin Bourgeois
•
How does the model reproduce dust emissions and export with a
focus over Asia? ECHAM5.5-HAM2 − Junbo Cui
•
How does anthropogenic emissions (of aerosols) have influenced
past changes in climate inc. the global and regional water cycle,
including a focus on biomass burning emissions? IMBALANCE
project, ECHAM5.5-HAM2 − Gabriela Sousa Santos
•
How does anthropogenic land cover change influence climate and
air quality? MAIOLICA project, ECHAM6-HAM? − Tanja Stanelle
Name (change on Slide Master)
C2SM
11
JSBACH: Only land points are considered, grid box is divided in up to 13 different tiles
8 different land cover classes: bare soil, glacier, lake, natural forest, natural grassland,
other natural vegetation (shrubs, Tundra, Swamp), crops, pastures
Dust emissions will be considered as possible in areas with bare soil, natural
grassland, other natural vegetation, crops, and pastures
Computation of dust emission flux for each land class separately, than weighting and
summing up to total dust flux of grid cell.
Bare soil = 1 – veg_ratio_max
Bare soil
Crop
Shrubs
Pasture/g
rass
Shrubs
Forest
LAI
1-exp(-laimax/2)
e.g. grass
crop
Tiles
Name (change on Slide Master)
Seeding harvest
time
Planned Studies:
Set A: Sensitivity experiments with ECHAM6-HAMMOZ-MLO
Initial conditions for MLO for 1600
A1 100 years, A2 and A3 60 years
Set B: “Radiative forcing”, use of ECHAM6-HAMMOZ
Restart from Millennium run (SST; SIC)
Start: 1st of January 1600, 1700, 1800, 1900, 2000, and 2100
11 years (including 1 year spin-up)
Land cover (->
Anthr. emissions
Concentration of
BVOC, dust, NOx) (industry, traffic …) methane and CO2
A1
(ctrl)
1600
1600
1600
A2
(1700),1800, 1900,
2000, 2100
1600
1600
A3
2000, 2100
2000, 2100
2000, 2100
Name (change on Slide Master)
MLO simulations:
H – net surface heat flux
50 m
mixed
layer
Name (change on Slide Master)