NEW ENGLAND
COLONIES

NEW HAMPSHIRE
Date: 1620, 1638
Reason: Profit from fishing and trade, religious freedom
Founder(s): John Mason, John Wheelright
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes:
Royal colony – England directly ruled

MASSACHUSETTS
(MASS. BAY COLONY)
Date: 1630
Reason: Religious freedom
Founder(s): John Winthrop
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes:
Founded on Puritan beliefs

RHODE ISLAND
Date: 1636
Reason: Religious freedom
Founder(s): Roger Williams
Colony Type: Charter
Other Notes:
Charter colony – colonists elected their own governor and legislature

CONNECTICUT
Date: 1635
Reason: Religious freedom, profit from trade
Founder(s): Thomas Hooker
Colony Type: Charter
Other Notes:
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – first written constitution in America
Constitution – plan of government

MIDDLE COLONIES

NEW YORK
Date: 1624
Reason: Expand trade
Founder(s): Dutch settlers, Duke of York
Colony Type: Proprietary, Royal
Other Notes:
Proprietary colony – individuals given land and free to rule

PENNSYLVANIA
Date: 1682
Reason: Profit from selling land; religious freedom
Founder(s): William Penn
Colony Type: Proprietary
Other Notes:
“Holy Experiment” – chance to put Quaker ideals into practice
Quakers (Society of Friends) – believed everyone was equal, were pacifists

NEW JERSEY
Date: 1638
Reason: Profit from selling land
Founder(s): John Berkeley, George Carteret
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes:
Promised freedom of religion, trial by jury, and a representative government

DELAWARE
Date: 1638
Reason: Expand trade
Founder(s): Swedish settlers
Colony Type: Proprietary
Other Notes:

SOUTHERN COLONIES

MARYLAND
Date: 1634
Reason: To sell land; religious freedom
Founder(s): Cecil Calvert (Lord Baltimore)
Colony Type: Proprietary
Other Notes:
Act of Toleration of 1649 – granted people the right to worship freely

VIRGINIA
Date: 1607
Reason: Expand trade
Founder(s): John Smith, Virginia Company
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes:
Indentured servants – Agreed to work 4-7 years in exchange for passage to America

NORTH/SOUTH CAROLINA
Date: 1660s, 1670
Reason: Profit from trade and selling land
Founder(s): Group of English aristocrats
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes:
Grew rice and indigo, demand for African slaves grows

GEORGIA
Date: 1733
Reason: Religious freedom; place for debtors
Founder(s): James Oglethorpe
Colony Type: Royal
Other Notes: