Unification in Germany and Italy
Agenda
• Bell Ringer: What are reasons for revolt in the
Video Clip?
1. Lecture: German and Italian Unification.
2. Compare and Contrast German and Italian
Unification.
3. Map Activity, German Unification, 1871.
4. Primary documents, Otto Von Bismarck.
5. Bismarck, a social portrait…
6. Objectives.
Unification in Italy
• 1848, Mazzini and other nationalist
leaders that want unification are in
exile.
– Do not trust Cavour, believe he is
greedy.
• Camillo de Cavour from Sardinia was
like the Otto Von Bismarck of Italy.
• Takeover of Northern Italy occurred
after he gained support from France
and Prussia.
– Napoleon III aided against Austria.
• He conquered Northern Italy, while
Garibaldi took Southern Italy.
Italian Unification
• Garibaldi would use the
“red shirts” to spread
nationalism through
Southern Italy, then gave
the entire thing to
Sardinia.
• Italy was unified through
Garibaldi’s departure in
1866.
• Unfortunately, tension
would rise between
Northern industry, and
Southern agriculture.
Unification in Germany
• Prussia was a stronger
population of Germans.
• Wilhelm saw any dissent
from Parliament as a
challenge to his power.
• He would appoint Otto
Von Bismarck as prime
minister. (1862)
• Realpolitik – The politics
of reality.
• Bismarck would rule
without Parliament.
Tension leads to Unification…
•
•
•
Austria– Prussians victorious in the Seven Weeks
War against Austria. (1866)
– They would surrender territory to
Germany/Prussia.
France
– Bismarck alters a telegram towards
France and the French declare war over
the insult in 1870.
– He did this to unify southern Catholic
States with Prussia.
– They ended up taking 80,000 prisoners,
including Napoleon III.
1871, Germany created with Kaiser Wilhelm
the first ruler of the “Second Reich”
Map for Activity
Objectives
1.
2.
3.
4.
Who is the Prime Minister of Prussia?
What policy does he follow to unify the Germanic States?
How is France involved in both Unification movements?
How is Austria treated by the Germanic States? Why is Prussia so
much stronger?
5. What becomes dominant in Germany through Otto Von Bismarck?
6. When does Germany unify?
7. Who attempts to unify Northern Italy?
8. Who attempts to unify Southern Italy?
9. How is Italy formally unified? When?
10. Why are there tensions between Northern and Southern Italy?