Microbiology
Unit 1
Bacteria
Archaea
Fungi
Protozoa
Algae
Viruses
Multicellular
Animal
Parasites
Unicellular
Prokaryotes
(no nucleus)
Shapes:
Bacillus
(rodlike)
Coccus
(spherical)
Spiral
(corkscrew)
Cell walls composed of peptidoglycan
Reproduce by binary fission (dividing into two
cells)
Some autotrophs, some heterotrophs
Many can “swim” using flagella
Prokaryotes
Cells walls lack peptidoglycan
Extreme environments
Methanogens: produce methane as a waste
product of respiration
Extreme halophiles: extremely salty environments
Extreme thermophiles: hot sulfurous water
Not known to cause human disease
Eukaryotes (cells have a nucleus & organelles)
Unicellular or multicellular
Unicellular: yeast
Multicellular: mushrooms, molds
Cell walls composed of chitin
Reproduce sexually or asexually
heterotrophs
Unicellular
Eukaryotic
Move by
Pseudopods (false feet): amoebas
Long flagella
Numerous short cilia
Can live either free or as parasites (derive
nutrients from a living host)
Reproduce sexually or asexually
Photosynthetic
Eukaryotes
Sexual and asexual
reproduction
Cell walls composed
of cellulose (like
plants)
Unicellular (for
microbiology
purposes)
Living???
Acellular (not cellular)
Most only seen with
electron microscope
Made of a core of DNA
or RNA surrounded by
a protein coat
Can only reproduce
using the cellular
machinery of other
organisms
Helminths (parasitic worms)
Two major groups: Flatworms and roundworms
Microscopic in size during some stages of their
life cycle