Matt Gudorf
Campus Energy Manager
Identify building operation metrics, and how
they are affected by lab practices.
Understand how UCI uses sub metering and
dash boarding to compile data at the building,
floor, and zone level.
How to use data analysis to reduce operating
cost and ensure continuous commissioning.
Agenda
1. Smart Lab vs. Previous Best Practice
2. Metering and Monitoring Installed
3. Lab Energy Use, 2001 vs. 2010
4. Smart Continuous Commissioning
Air-handler/filtration airspeeds
Total system (supply + exhaust) pressure-drop
Duct noise attenuators
Occupied lab air-changes/hr. (ACH)
Night air-change setback (unoccupied)
2001 Best Practice
400 ft/min. max
6 in. w.g.
Few
6 ACH
No setback
Gross Hall 2010 Smart Lab
350 ft/min. max
<5 in. w.g. (incl. dirty filter allow.)
None
4 ACH w/contaminant sensing
2 ACH w/occupancy + contaminant sensing
Fume hood face-velocities
100 FPM
100 FPM
Fume hood face-velocities (unoccupied)
100 FPM
60 FPM (Zone Presence Sensors)
~3,500 FPM
~2,100 FPM Wind Tunnel Modeled
Exhaust stack discharge velocity
Lab illumination power-density
0.9 watt/SF
0.6 watt/SF w/LED task lighting
Fixtures near windows on daylight sensors
No
Yes
Energy Star freezers & refrigerators
No
Yes
20-25%
50%
Out-perform CA Title 24
Lab Efficiency Cycle
UCI’s Goal is to reduce lab energy consumption by
50%
Verify
savings and
use added
tools to
constantly
commission
labs
Set Goals
& Targets
Measurement
&
Verification
Analysis
&
Development
Energy
Improvement
Measures
Implement Smart Labs
CDCV, ESDVR, Day Lighting and Lighting Controls, Low Pressure
Drop Filters, Remove Duct Noise Attenuators, Static Pressure Reset
Review data,
Labs21
Toolkit,
Scope out
energy
project
Total Energy
Use
Building Electric
and Gas Meter
EMS, Sub
Metering
Building
System Use
Zone Level
Use
EMS
Boiler, Water
Heater
HVAC, Pumps,
Chillers
EMS, CDCV
Fume Hood Use,
IAQ, Thermal
Demand
Sub Metering
CDCV, EMS
Lighting, Plug Load
Reheat
Meter Specs
12 Channels Per Board
Meter accuracy: +/- 0.5% (0.25% Typ.)
V, I, Active Energy, Reactive Energy,
Power Factor
Current Transformer Specs
Sensor Accuracy: +/- 1%
CT’s 60-400 Amps
Clamp on installation
d an ger
h igh vol t age
10
KWH
00 1406
mel r ok
C o
r p
o r a t i on
Individual 12 Channel Meters
d an ger
h igh vol t age
10
KWH
00 1406
mel r ok
C o
r p
o r a t i on
EnerACQ User Interface
Acquisition SW
SQL Express DB
User PC
Multiple Users
EnerACQ User Interface
Database Server
User PC
Air Change Rates
IAQ
Sash position of each fume hood
Occupancy
Relative Humidity
Temperature
Total Supply
Total Exhaust
• Fume hood• usage
range
Change
in average sash position from the month prior
• This hood shows
between
• Redusage
indicates
poorer average green indicates
0% open and improved
65% open.average sash management
Smart Labs are not just
controls and sensors.
Smart Labs provide
real time feedback as
well as monthly
reporting data that is
actionable.
Return on investment
is directly affected by
lab practices.
Designed in 2001
Designed in 2009
Exceeded Title 24 by 23.7%
Biomedical research
Lighting upgrade in 2009
Exhaust Stack Discharge
Velocity Reduction in 2009
Re-Commissioned in 2010
76,905 Square Feet
Exceeded Title 24 by 50.4%
Biomedical Research
Submitted to USGBC for LEED
Platinum certification
94,705 Square Feet
Percent Occupied by Building (7 days)
100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
58%
27%
20%
10%
0%
Gross Hall
Hewitt Hall
Time of Day
23:30
22:45
22:00
21:15
20:30
19:45
19:00
18:15
17:30
16:45
16:00
15:15
14:30
13:45
13:00
12:15
11:30
10:45
10:00
9:15
8:30
7:45
7:00
6:15
5:30
4:45
4:00
3:15
2:30
1:45
1:00
0:15
Watts per Square Foot
Watts / Gross Square Foot
6.00
5.00
4.00
3.00
Hewitt Hall
Gross Hall
2.00
1.00
It is easy to see how campus labs compare to each
other but what about across the country?
http://labs21benchmarking.lbl.gov/CompareData.php
Peak W/gsf (elec)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
Facilities
Hewitt
Gross
20166
20322
20043
20047
20053
20180
0
20008

Hewitt is right at the average
Gross Hall beats the most efficient lab benchmarked by 18%
Watts per Square Foot

8/30/11 5:59
8/29/11 21:57
1.20
8/29/11 13:57
1.80
8/29/11 5:57
8/28/11 21:56
8/28/11 13:56
8/28/11 5:55
8/27/11 21:53
8/27/11 13:53
8/27/11 5:53
8/26/11 21:52
8/26/11 13:52
8/26/11 5:52
8/25/11 21:50
8/25/11 13:50
8/25/11 5:50
8/24/11 21:49
8/24/11 13:49
8/24/11 5:49
8/23/11 21:48
8/23/11 13:48
8/23/11 5:48
8/22/11 21:46
8/22/11 13:46
8/22/11 5:46
8/21/11 21:44
8/21/11 13:44
8/21/11 5:44
8/20/11 21:42
8/20/11 13:42
8/20/11 5:42
8/19/11 21:41
8/19/11 13:41
8/19/11 5:41
8/18/11 21:41
8/18/11 13:41
8/18/11 5:41
8/17/11 21:41
8/17/11 13:41
CFM/ Sq. Ft.
The HVAC savings of 1 CFM/ft2 at $4-5 per CFM can reduce
operational significantly.
A 1 CFM reduction at Hewitt Hall in just the open lab bays would
reduce operational cost by $83,250 per year
CFM / Square Foot Comparison
Gross Hall vs. Hewitt Hall
1.53 CFM/ ft2 average.
1.60
1.40
0.52 CFM/ ft2 average.
1.00
0.80
0.60
Gross CFM/ Sq. Ft.
Hewitt CFM / Sq. Ft.
0.40
0.20
0.00
0:15
0:45
1:15
1:45
2:15
2:45
3:15
3:45
4:15
4:45
5:15
5:45
6:15
6:45
7:15
7:45
8:15
8:45
9:15
9:45
10:15
10:45
11:15
11:45
12:15
12:45
13:15
13:45
14:15
14:45
15:15
15:45
16:15
16:45
17:15
17:45
18:15
18:45
19:15
19:45
20:15
20:45
21:15
21:45
22:15
22:45
23:15
23:45
Watts per Square foot
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Hewitt Hall
Gross Hall
Gross Total Building
Hewitt Hall Total Building
BTU/h Per Square Foot
45
40
BTU/h Per Square Foot
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
08/27/2011 08/27/2011 08/27/2011 08/26/2011 08/26/2011 08/26/2011 08/25/2011 08/25/2011 08/25/2011 08/24/2011 08/24/2011 08/24/2011
11:59:00 PM 03:39:00 PM 07:19:00 AM 10:59:00 PM 02:39:00 PM 06:19:00 AM 09:59:00 PM 01:39:00 PM 04:51:00 AM 08:31:00 PM 12:11:00 PM 03:51:00 AM
Hewitt Hall
Gross Hall
Previous Best
Practice
0.9 watts/sqft
0.49 watts/sqft
Offices
1.1 watts/sqft
0.66 watts/sqft
Labs
Overall Conditioned Space
24 Hour Actual Watts Per SQFT
Watts Per Square Foot
20
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0:15
1:15
2:15
3:15
4:15
5:15
6:15
7:15
8:15
9:15
10:15
11:15
12:15
13:15
14:15
15:15
16:15
17:15
18:15
19:15
20:15
21:15
22:15
23:15
kW
24 Hour Demand Curves
Hewitt Hall 2nd Floor Lighting Demand
Gross Hall 2nd Floor Lighting Demand
0.61 watts/sqft
1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0:15
1:30
2:45
4:00
5:15
6:30
7:45
9:00
10:15
11:30
12:45
14:00
15:15
16:30
17:45
19:00
20:15
21:30
22:45
0:00
1 watts/sqft
Gross
Hall
Space Type
Hewitt Hall Watts Per Sqft
Gross Hall Watts Per Sqft
•
•
•
6 Air changes per hour minimum
No set back during unoccupied periods
Zone presence sensors on fume hoods
Lab 2501
•
•
•
•
4 Air changes per hour minimum occupied
2 Air Changes per hour minimum unoccupied
Zone presence sensors on fume hoods
Centralized Demand Controlled Ventilation
system adjusting ACH for indoor air quality.
Lab 2200
Hewitt Hall
Lab 2501
Air change rates are
dynamic responding to
occupancy, IAQ, sash
position, and thermal
demands
Lab 2200 averages 4 air
changes per hour
Air change rates are
dependent on sash
position and thermal
demand.
Lab 2501 averages 8 air
changes per hour
Gross Hall
Lab 2200
Continuous Commissioning
 Meaningful Analysis and Reports
 Actionable information
Verification of Actions Taken Physical
and Behavioral
CDCV
 Find failed lab air
control valves
 Review of fume hood
sash management
 Ensure safe lab air
quality
 Find excessive air flows
due to point sources of
heat
Sub Metering
 Monitoring of fans,
pumps, and lighting
control systems
 Verification of energy
retrofits
 Reduce demand
charges by modifying
operations
BMS
 Locate simultaneous
heating and cooling
 Reset of static pressure
to minimum required
 Control run times of
office areas
Autoclave In Gross Hall
60 kW peak
HDP1 is a distribution board on the 1st Floor. It is responsible for feeding several equipment loads, autoclave units EQ2, EQ3, and EQ4. HDP1 is fed
directly from the main switchboard at 480/277 volts. The board maximum current rating is 225 amps. The largest load on HDP1 is the medium
autoclave EQ2, which is rated at 75kVA.
Autoclave EQ2
Did running the Autoclave on peak just
cost you $600 in demand charges?
Gross Hall average site demand ranges from a baseline of 148kW to an
average peak of 205 kW
Researcher connects 4 tanks
of CO2 to the lab distribution
system and within 8 hours
they are empty.
To find the leak the research
staff could have spent hours
soaping lines and connections
and wasting additional gas
listening for the leak.
Suspected location of
CO2 leak
It was quickly located and repaired
The Knowledge Center has been
used to locate lab equipment
placed too close or under
thermostats
Commissioning
Cx, Rx, MBCx is approximately $2 per SqFt
Hewitt Hall MBCx $131,309
Net present value for 10 years (MBCx every 5 years)
Hewitt Hall $113,590
Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx Project
$250,000.00
MBCx
$200,000.00
$150,000.00
$100,000.00
$50,000.00
$1
2
3
4
5
6
7
$(50,000.00)
$(100,000.00)
MBCx Cumulative Cash Flow
MBCx Net Savings
8
9
10
11
Sub metering and monitoring your lab can be very
competitive with the cost of a single commissioning effort.
CDCV ~$3.12 per SqFt
Sub metering $0.20 per SqFt
Hewitt Hall Sub Metering and CDCV $302,888
Net present value for Hewitt Hall continuous commissioning (10 years)
$665,903
Cumulative Cash Flow
$1,400,000.00
$1,200,000.00
$1,000,000.00
$800,000.00
$600,000.00
$400,000.00
$200,000.00
$$(200,000.00)
1
2
3
4
5
Smart CCx Cumulative Cash Flow
6
7
Smart CCx Net Savings
8
9
10
11
Smart CCx although a larger initial investment provides
for greater long term savings as well as strategic analysis,
monitoring, and savings that can not be accomplished
with traditional MBCx
Cumulative Cash Flow MBCx vs. SMART CCx
$1,400,000.00
$1,200,000.00
$1,000,000.00
$800,000.00
$600,000.00
$400,000.00
$200,000.00
$1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
$(200,000.00)
Smart CCx Cumulative Cash Flow
Smart CCx Net Savings
MBCx Cumulative Cash Flow
MBCx Net Savings
11