State of
Matter
2. Solid
3. Liquid
4. Gas
5. Plasma
Volume
Shape
Particles
Definite
Definite
Vibrate
in place
Definite
Not
definite
Stay close
but move
freely
Not
definite
Not
definite
Not
definite
Not
definite
Far apart, move
at high speeds in
all directions
Move at high speeds;
found in stars,
lightning, and neon
lights
Diagram
Particles are in constant motion; amount of
movement depends on their
________ _________.
A. __________ _________ - total energy of all
the particles in a sample of matter
B. The average kinetic energy of particles in a
substance is its ______________.
C. _________ - movement of thermal energy from
a substance with a higher temperature to one with
a lower temperature
_______ _____ - amount of heat
needed to raise the temperature of 1 g
of a substance 1° C
Matter can _________ states as
thermal energy is absorbed or released.
A. A change from the solid to the liquid
state is called _________.
B. A change from the liquid to the solid state
is called __________.
A change from liquid to gas is called
________________.
a. ____________ is vaporization that occurs
below the liquid’s surface
b. ________________ is vaporization that occurs
at the surface of a liquid
_____________ - a change from gas
to liquid
uring ____________the surface
particles of a solid gain enough energy to
become a gas.
4. Definite shape and volume
5. Found in stars, neon lights, and
lightning
6. An example is a desk
7. Has the most energy
8. When water freezes it becomes
this
9. An example is orange juice
10. Its molecules will completely
fill a container
Phases and Transitions
Solid
Gas
Liquid
sublimation
deposition
evaporation
condensation
melting
freezing
Phases and Transitions
Solid
Evaporation
Gas
Condensation
Liquid
i
__________ equals the force exerted
on a surface divided by the total area over
which the force is exerted, or P = F / A.
Example: P = F / A
Water exerts a force of 100 Newtons over
an area of 25 m2. What is the pressure?
A. If force _____________ over an area, the
pressure increases; if force over an area
________________, the pressure decreases.
B. _______________ ___________ - air presses
down on Earth with force.
C. Pressure can be _____________as the pressure
pushing down equals the pressure pushing up.
D. As _____________ increases, air pressure
decreases.
Gas pressure in a closed container
_________ with volume and temperature
changes.
Decreasing volume __________
pressure; increasing volume __________
pressure.
B. Increasing temperature ___________
pressure; decreasing temperature
___________pressure.
______________ - an upward force on
an object immersed in a fluid
17. ______________________ - buoyant
force on an object is equal to the weight of
the fluid displaced by the object.
________ is mass divided by volume.
a. An object will ______ in a fluid that is
denser than the object.
b. An object with the same density as the
fluid will stay at the ________level in the
fluid.
c. An object will _____ in a fluid that is less
dense than the object.
________________- when a force is
applied to a confined fluid, an increase in
pressure is transmitted equally to all parts
of the fluid.
__________________ - allow people to
lift heavy objects with relatively little force
B. When squeezed, liquids will be pushed
out of a ____________, a closed container
with a hole in it.