April 23, 2015
Subject Area: Ch: 4 Sec: 2 Igneous Rock
EQ: Where and how does Igneous rock form?
Questions
What are some common igneous rock
formations?
Come in Quietly
and sit at your
desk, open to
your notes, write
the new question,
and wait quietly
for class to begin.
Agenda
1. Roll
2. Chapter 4 Section 2
“Igneous Rock”
3. Video: “Granite Rock”
Igneous Rock
The word igneous
comes from the
Latin word for
“fire”.
Igneous Rock
Magma cools into
various types of
igneous rock
depending on the
composition of the
magma and the
amount of time it
takes for the magma
to cool and solidify.
Origins of Igneous Rock
Magma and lava solidify in the same way
that water freezes. The difference is that
water freezes at 0 degrees Celsius and
magma and lava freeze at 700 – 1250
degrees Celsius.
Three Ways a Rock Can Melt
There are three ways that
magma can form: when
rock is heated, when
pressure is released, or
when rock changes
composition.
What are three ways rock can melt?
Response: Three ways rock can melt are ...
Temperature
An increase in temperature deep within
the Earth’s crust can cause the
minerals in a rock to melt.
Temperature
Different minerals melt at different
temperatures.
How does temperature make rock melt?
Response: Temperature makes rock melt by…
Pressure
The high pressure deep within the
Earth forces minerals to stay in the
solid state.
Pressure
When hot rocks rise to shallow depths,
the pressure is finally released and
the mineral can melt.
How does pressure make rock melt?
Response: Pressure makes rock melt by …
Composition
Sometimes fluids like water and carbon
dioxide enter a rock that is close to its
melting point.
Composition
When these fluids combine with the
rock, they can lower the melting point
of the rock enough for it to melt and
form magma.
How does composition make a rock melt?
Response: Composition makes a rock melt by …
Composition and Texture of
Igneous rock
The two ways to classify Igneous rock are
by their texture and composition. Igneous
rocks are rocks that have formed when
magma or lava cools.
Composition and Texture of
Igneous rock
The rocks will be different depending on
what they are made of and how fast they
cooled.
What two properties are used to classify igneous rock?
Response: The two properties used to classify igneous
rock are …
The Rock Cycle and
Granite Rock
1. What did you know?
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2. What did you learn?
_____________________________________________
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3. What do you want to know?
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Felsic Rocks
Felsic rocks are igneous rocks that are
lighter in color and in weight.
Felsic Rocks
These rocks are rich in elements such as
silicon, aluminum, sodium, and potassium.
Examples of felsic rock are granite and
rhyolite.
Mafic Rock
Mafic rock are igneous rock that are darker
and heavier.
Mafic Rock
These rocks are rich in iron, magnesium,
and calcium. Examples of mafic rock are
gabbro and basalt.
Igneous Rock Formations
Not all igneous rock forms on the surface.
Some will form deep within the Earth’s
crust.
Intrusive Igneous Rock
When magma cools beneath the Earth’s
surface, the resulting rock is called
intrusive.
Intrusive Igneous Rock
Intrusive is usually a coarse grain texture
because it cools very slowly.
Plutonic Rocks
Plutons are large, balloon shaped intrusive
formations that result when magma cools
at great depths.
Science Blooper
In the eighteenth century some scholars
thought lava formed when underground
coal deposits caught fire. They believed
that heat from the fires melted the
surrounding rock, producing lava.
Extrusive Igneous Rock
Igneous rock that forms on the Earth’s
surface is called extrusive rock.
Extrusive Igneous Rock
Extrusive rock cools quickly on the surface
and contains very small crystals or none at
all. Examples of these would be pumice,
obsidian, and basalt.
How does the cooling rate of lava or magma affect the
texture of igneous rock?
Response: The cooling rate of lava or magma affect
the texture of igneous rock by …
Lava Flow
When lava erupts from a volcano, a
formation called lava flow is made.
Lava Plateau
When a large amount of lava flows out of a
fissure, it can cover a vast area, forming a
plain called a lava plateau.
The Solid Earth: Materials
1. What did you know?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
2. What did you learn?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
3. What do you want to know?
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
Talking Punishment
Someone in my class or I have decided to talk too much in Mr.
Elsmore’s classroom and have been granted the opportunity to write
this paragraph. Unfortunately, it is possible that I have been granted
this opportunity because of the actions of another student and not
because of my actions. I will be forever indebted to that particular
student or group of students for this wonderful opportunity to have to
write instead of what was planned for today. I will make sure to let
that student or students know how I appreciate this opportunity and
show my gratitude by asking them to stop breaking the rules in Mr.
Elsmore’s classroom. If you are the one responsible for this
punishment please learn how to be mature enough to follow the
simple rules that Mr. Elsmore created to make this classroom an
atmosphere of learning and kindness. I know that it is considered
extremely rude if I am talking while a teacher is talking, even if it is to
someone else sitting at my table. I know that the only time to talk is
when I have permission from the teachers or during class group work.
I should also not talk at the beginning of the period. If we have any
more problems then we will get the wonderful opportunity to write this
paragraph again and possibly loose the drawing at the end of the
triad. All because I cannot or my fellow student cannot follow the
simple rule of keeping our mouth shut during class. What a shame!!!
Summary
1. Answer the essential question “Where and how
does igneous rock form?”
2. Your answer needs to be in complete sentences.
3. Place your answer at the bottom of the notes we
did today.
4. Make sure you include differences in igneous
rock determined by where it formed.
5. Use your notes to get the answers.
Subject Area: Igneous Rock
EQ: Where and how does igneous rock
form?
Questions
1. How does the cooling rate of magma
affect the properties of igneous rock?
2. What is the difference between igneous
rock that cools deep within the crust and
igneous rock that cools on the surface?
3. What are some common igneous rock
formations?